In the process of making furniture and carpentry, the component parts are often connected to each other “tenon-to-tenon”. There are several types of tenon joints: dovetail, box, round and oval, allowing you to mount parts at the required angle or extend them. A tenon is a rather complex element to make, for which special equipment has been created - a tenon-cutting machine.

Types of tenoning machines

A wood tenoning machine is used to form tenons and lugs on parts of frames and drawers to connect them at an angle, as well as to form a mini-tenon necessary for the procedure of joining workpieces together. Such machines are quite common in furniture factories.

Two types of tenoning machines have been developed:

• frame tenoning machines
• box tenoning machines.

They differ in the type of spike produced.

According to the method of processing parts, tenoning woodworking machines are divided into:

• unilateral
• double sided

They will help to form a straight tenon, a rounded tenon or a dovetail tenon.

Single-sided tenoning devices are positional type machines. Their design assumes the presence of a desktop that performs a reciprocating movement. The workpiece is mounted on this table. After completing the first set of operations with the workpiece using the carriage, it returns back. And all the work done is repeated again, only now on the other side of the workpiece.

Double-sided tenoning devices are position-through type machines. In such machines, workpieces are fed without interruption using a chain conveyor and a clamping mechanism. In this case, processing is carried out on both sides simultaneously. The design of these devices has two identical columns, one of which moves along guides, with its help the machine is adjusted to a certain length of the part.

The cutting mechanism on tenoning machines is cutters, and to create a dovetail tenon, conical end mills are used. The machine mills tenons and recesses for them (eyes) in the constituent parts of wooden structures.

Dovetail and box straight tenons are formed on special types of machines that are produced for professional use in large enterprises. The resulting fasteners are highly reliable and guarantee long-term operation of the products.

Spikes of round and oval shape are formed on CNC devices that operate in automatic mode. CNC machines are capable of working with workpieces in any plane.

The most popular are tenon cutting machines for frame, door and window structures.

Main parameters

The main characteristics of tenoning machines include:

• maximum diameter of the workpiece being processed
• largest tenon width
• largest tenon diameter
• type of thorn
• spindle speed
• engine power level
• dimensions and weight.

The main requirement for a tenon cutting machine is high precision operations. Otherwise, the parts will not match each other and the connection will not work.

Tenoning machines are used:

• processing of calibrated panels, chipboards
• trimming the perimeter of door panels, window frames
• floorboard treatment
• creation of parquet.

Some features of use:

• On large production conveyors, such machines are mounted on the ceiling. As an additional equipment, there are clamping devices that accept workpieces and scoring saws. The workpiece falls on the miter saws, and therefore is processed by two milling supports.
• the feed speed of the workpiece can be smoothly adjusted using a variator
• To ensure high-quality processing, the spindle speed must be 7000 rpm
• The length of the guide can be 2, 2.5 or 3 meters
• the design makes it possible to use several different tools for wood processing
• the equipment can be additionally equipped with a pneumatic clamping mechanism and a working surface extension.

Box tenoning machines

Straight box tenons are created using both single-sided and tenoning machines

The spindle in such devices is in a horizontal position, and the box boards are stacked on the work table and fed in a vertical plane in the direction tangent to the circumference of the cutting system of such machines.

The device includes a frame, in the upper part of which there are bearings. They have a built-in spindle, which is connected through a pulley and a belt drive to an electric motor. One of the three bearings in which the spindle is mounted must be removed during installation of the cutting tool. On the machine bed there are elements of the table feed hydraulic drive. The table is distinguished by a movable mounting on runners in the guides of the device. The control panel contains the electric motor starting equipment (push-button station and magnetic starter). The table moves vertically due to a hydraulic feed mechanism.

The job of double-sided box tenons is to create straight box tenons on both ends of the part at the same time.

The advantages of such devices:

• ease of control and adjustment, as well as automatic tool feeding. All this guarantees the maximum level of machine performance
• the device is capable of processing both parts of the dovetail joint separately or simultaneously
• The workpiece is fixed manually using pneumatic clamps
• all settings are controlled from the control panel
• Thanks to CNC, you can change the tenon pitch, number of grooves, tenon depth, workpiece dimensions, and feed speed.

The equipment can also be additionally equipped with a special shelf for storing workpieces. This is very helpful in the process of routing dovetails on curved and shaped drawers.

When creating wooden windows and doors, a tenon-cutting machine is very popular. In this section we will tell you how to make a tenoning machine yourself.

Upon completion of the DIY assembly, you will have a device that will not need to be reconfigured, because it will be created specifically for working with tenon cutting. Before you begin assembly, you need to buy two spindles. The design diagram of the carriage can be easily found on the Internet. If you are not satisfied with it, you can always make your additions.

Often, in the overall design of a tenoning machine, craftsmen change the length of the guide bar upward. This means the load is growing. For this reason, you can avoid using a square pipe. It can be replaced with an I-beam, to the flanges of which you need to weld the corners.

Experienced craftsmen do not recommend using a standard carriage. The carriage should have two 6.3 cm steel angles, eight 301 bearings, as well as car bolts (L50) and washers for them. It is worth cutting out the fasteners in the shape of the letter “T” from an I-beam, and screwing a table with a guide and a clamp to them.

We emphasize that the clamp must be manufactured in a factory and you need to buy it in a specialized store. The presence of a table is necessary in order to obtain additional rigidity. The corners need to be tied diagonally. At the same time, although the carriage turns out to be quite rigid, it moves easily and smoothly. It can also be mounted on other types of devices.

The previously purchased spindles are attached to a beam 1.8 meters long. The height of the cutters is selected using bushings, washers and a slotting machine. Be sure to note that this work must be carried out with the hood on if you are working in an enclosed area. After all, during the work process a large amount of dust is generated. In addition, the cutters need to be covered with a barrier, which can be created from three boards.

A homemade machine, of course, will be quite dusty and noisy, but it will save you time and money.

For a long time, tenon joints have been used when assembling drawers, doors, windows and other frame structures. To accurately and quickly obtain such complex elements in wooden structures, a wood tenoning machine is used.

This equipment is used both in business and in large-scale production. It is indispensable in the manufacture of furniture, as well as in house construction and woodworking enterprises.

Types of tenoning machines

A tenon saw is a type of woodworking machine. There are samples of both imported and domestic production on the market. The fixing elements on it can be processed for subsequent connection of products at an angle, as well as for their merging (dovetail folds are used).

Machines for milling tenons are divided into frame machines and box machines according to their intended purpose.

In this case, frame units are:

• unilateral In one pass, the tenons are processed on one side of the workpiece;
• two-way automated. The design of a tenoning machine involves placing supports on two columns and, accordingly, processing the workpiece on both sides.

Naturally, the productivity of double-sided tenoning machines is much higher than their analogues. There are several types of units, which differ in length, and they come in 2, 2.5, and 3 meters.

The cutting tools for them are cross-cut saws and cutters (disc and end) for processing straight tenons, lugs on frames and frames of various wooden structures.

The formation of box and dovetail tenons is done on specialized machines, mainly in large-scale and mass production. At the same time, there are two types of dovetail fixation: with rounded and sharp corners.

The first category is produced on multi-spindle tenoning machines. Such shaped protrusions are processed simultaneously on the mating surfaces using modular cutters. It is this connection that guarantees the durability and reliability of the fixing unit.

When producing the most complex oval dowels (small tenons) and those with a round shape, automatic tenoning machines with numerical control are used.

Specifications

The operator’s functions when working on an automatic machine are reduced to loading and turning workpieces, starting or stopping the cycle. Important indicators of tenoning units are:

• largest peg size;
• the smallest thickness;
• groove height;
• width;
• maximum workpiece size;
• spindle speed;
• engine power.

In addition to the characteristics for classifying the machine, the parameters of the cutting tool are indicated: saw diameter, type and size of cutter.

Often on large production lines such equipment is installed to the ceiling. The machines are additionally fixed with clamping devices, where the workpieces are processed by scoring saws, followed by the formation of tenons on milling supports.

The feed is adjusted smoothly using a variator. To create a high-quality surface of the mating elements, the spindle speed should be about 700 rpm.

Principle of operation

When forming pegs, a sawing and milling procedure is usually used. An appropriate cutting tool is used to obtain the tenon joint surfaces.

Attention! Whatever the shape of the tenons, the initial operation is to trim the workpiece.

For the most common models that use milling during processing, the machines are equipped with four spindles - three milling and one sawing. One or more workpieces can be loaded onto the carriage table, and they are aligned with their edges along the ruler and their ends along the stop bar.

The tenon is formed as a result of end milling. When the cutting tool comes out, chips may appear on the edges, so to prevent them, a support block is mounted on the ruler, and some machines also provide for the application of glue to the surface being processed.

After turning on the feed mechanism, the product is automatically fixed due to the side and top hydraulic clamps. The carriage with the workpiece begins to move at a certain speed along two guides relative to the cutting tools.

In this case, during the movement of the carriage, a spike of the desired configuration is formed on the structure, then the device, having reached the stop (limit switch), returns to its original position. Here the finished product is replaced with a blank, and the cycle repeats again.

If the machine is double-sided, the process of forming tenons occurs on both sides of the workpiece.

Homemade tenoning machine

Today there are all opportunities for entrepreneurial activity, while many are engaged in the manufacture of furniture, wooden doors and windows, where connecting tenons are indispensable when assembling the product. And since tenon cutting machines are not cheap, at first a homemade unit is quite suitable for obtaining fixing elements.

It is easy to make on your own, which will save a lot of money when organizing production. Moreover, there are different options for the manufacture of such machines, where the basic element can be a stationary engine, an angle grinder, a jigsaw, and even an electric drill.

Let's consider making a do-it-yourself tenoning machine based on a grinder with a disk cutter positioned in a horizontal position.

As in a factory machine, here, in addition to the engine and cutting tool, there are two components:

• bed;
• tabletop.

The frame must be strong and stable, since it is the base part of the unit on which the device for fastening the workpiece and the grinder with the cutter are installed. This component of the tenoning machine can vary in design and be manufactured without drawings. For example, it can be made from metal corners, and a sheet of chipboard can be fixed on them.

The size of the tabletop must correspond to the intended workpiece. It also contains clamps and a control ruler.

The bed guides must be strictly perpendicular to the movement of the tabletop when milling connecting elements. The quality of the connection between the studs and lugs depends on this.

Machine assembly

The location of the shaft exit is determined on the table surface and a hole of a slightly larger diameter is made. The grinder is fixed with clamps, and you need to make sure that the heads of the bolts are flush with the plane of the table top.

Disc cutters are used as cutting tools. In this case, one cutter is used to select the eye and two cutting discs if it is necessary to process the tenon. Accordingly, the distance between the cutters is equal to the width of the groove.

Important! If two disc cutters are used, the fit on the grinder should be through an adapter with keyways.

With this assembly, the process of milling an eye or tenon occurs due to the movement of the workpiece. To do this, it is attached to the tabletop with clamps and then manually moves along the frame guides to the rotating cutter. In this case, the dimensions of the stud and eye are achieved due to the stops and the thickness of the washer between the discs.

The use of such a homemade tenon-cutting unit makes it possible to obtain proportionate tenons and eyes, which significantly increases labor productivity.

In carpentry and furniture production, the most common connection between wooden elements is the tenon connection. This kind of connection comes in several types - straight box tenon and dovetail tenon, as well as oval and round tenon. To make such a complex connecting element as a tenon, tenon cutting machines of various designs are used, which are divided into several functional types.

Tenon cutting machines

The most popular and widely in demand are tenon cutting machines for windows, doors and frame structures. They are single-sided and double-sided, as well as return and pass-through. The tools used to work on them can be saws, as well as horizontal and vertical cutters. They are used to mill straight tenons and lugs for parts of frame and frame structures made of wood.

To mill straight box tenons and dovetail tenons, a special type of tenoning machine is used, which is used in serial furniture and carpentry production. It is this connection that guarantees the durability of the product due to the special reliability of the connecting nodes.

The most difficult milling of oval and round tenons is performed on automatic tenon-cutting machines, some of which have software controls that regulate the production of all types of furniture tenons in any plane.

MULTICUT is designed to automate a variety of carpentry operations in serial and small-scale production of furniture, doors, and wooden interior parts.

The machine performs the following operations:

• Manufacturing of tongue-and-groove joints in various variations (single, double, multiple, round, Dovetail, box tenon, toothed tenon joints;
• Milling of seats for insertion of locks and canopies;
• Shaped cutting of joinery contours;
• Milling decorative elements on carpentry parts.

Operating principle of the MULTICUT tenoning and slotting machine:

The equipment is a CNC horizontal milling machine. The workpiece is placed on the work table and fixed with clamps.

The product is processed using wood cutters of various configurations, installed in a high-speed spindle of the machine. The spindle is placed on a carriage movable in three planes. The width of the processing area is 800mm, the height relative to the table is 100mm, the processing depth of the product is up to 120mm.

The equipment is driven by stepper drives controlled by a CNC system.

Programs for creating a tongue-and-groove connection or inserting a lock are performed on a personal computer and take several minutes. A set of programs for performing standard operations can be stored in the machine's hand-held control panel. To start any operation, just select from the list and run the corresponding program.

The machine is equipped with removable stops for positioning workpieces, bench clamps, and a set of collets for installing cutters.

Additional information about the production of equipment and components used is in the “Our production” section.

In the production of furniture and carpentry, parts are most often fastened together with a tenon. There are several types of tenon joints: dovetail, box, round and oval, which allow you to fasten parts at the required angle or lengthen them. The spike is a rather complex element, for the manufacture of which a special type of equipment has been developed.

Types of tenoning machines

The most common in production are tenon cutting machines for frame, door and window structures. The equipment can be one- or two-way, pass-through or return. The working bodies are cutters (vertical or horizontal) and saws. The device mills tenons and recesses for them (eyes) in elements of wooden structures.

Dovetail and box straight tenons are made on special types of machines created for large enterprises. These types of fastenings are very reliable and ensure long-term operation of the products.

Spikes of round and oval shape are created on CNC machines operating in automatic mode. CNC machines can perform work in any plane.

Main characteristics:

• maximum diameter of the workpiece;
• maximum tenon width;
• largest diameter of the spike;
• type of spike;
• spindle rotation speed;
• engine power;
• dimensions and weight.

The main requirement for a tenon cutting machine is high precision of operations. Otherwise, the parts will not match each other and the connection will not work.

Other areas of use:

• processing of calibrated panels, chipboards;
• trimming the perimeter of door panels and window frames;
• floorboard treatment;
• parquet production.

Wood splicing machines

This is a special category of tenoning equipment, which is used in production for joining workpieces along the length. The machine cuts toothed tenons at the ends of the parts, treats them with glue and sends them to presses. Wood splicing lines operate automatically.

Principle of operation

The workpiece is placed on the work surface and cut to size, after which lugs and tenons are formed. The frame is a cast rigid structure with clamping devices. It is equipped with a column with working heads on which you can put an eyeboard, saws or cutters.

To prevent the workpiece from splitting during processing, an automatic device applies a layer of glue. This prevents the occurrence of chips. In addition, tenoning machines may have a trimming mechanism for trimming the ends of parts.

In the serial production of furniture, a CNC wood tenoning machine is used, which creates any type of tenon joints. They are easy to set up and do not require lengthy staff training. There are milling machines with tenoning carriages that are convenient for small-scale production.

Features of operation

• On large production lines, this type of equipment is attached to the ceiling. Additionally, the machines are equipped with clamping devices; workpieces are accepted with scoring saws. The part is fed to miter saws and finished with a pair of milling supports.
• The feed speed of the workpiece is adjusted smoothly by the variator.
• For satisfactory machining, the spindle must rotate at about 7000 rpm.
• There are several types of equipment, different in guide sizes: 2; 2.5 and 3 meters.
• The design allows the use of several different tools for wood processing.
• The machine can be additionally equipped with a pneumatic clamping mechanism and a working surface extension.

The video demonstrates the operation of a tenoning machine with manual settings:

Review and comparison of models

stanokgid.ru

Wood tenoning machines

The price of a wood tenoning machine depends on a number of factors and can range from 100 thousand rubles or more. But price is far from the only criterion that should be relied on when choosing tenoning equipment.

Photo of a wood tenoning machine

A wood tenoning machine is an indispensable device in carpentry and furniture production. Many parts are connected to each other using a tenon.

There are several main types of tenon joints:

• Boxed;
• Round;
• Oval;
• Dovetail.

Spikes help connect parts together or lengthen workpieces.

A spike is a connecting element with a complex configuration, which requires the use of appropriate equipment to make with your own hands.

The equipment differs from each other precisely in the type of spikes that they are capable of producing.

• Spikes for windows, doors and frame structures. Such tenoning machines can be single-sided, double-sided, through or return. The working tools of these tenon cutters are special saws, vertical and horizontal cutters. With their help, a straight tenon or eyelet necessary for frame and frame wooden structures is milled;
• Box tenons and dovetails require the use of a different type of tenoning machine. They are used for serial production of joinery or furniture. This connection ensures reliable and durable fixation of the components;
• Oval and round tenons are the most complex tenons, made on specialized automatic machines. Do-it-yourself operator involvement is reduced to a minimum, since such studs are subject to increased demands in terms of accuracy. Therefore, oval and round tenons are made using automated CNC tenoning machines.

The most important requirement for a tenon cutting machine is the accuracy of the processing. If this is not done, then the parts simply will not fit together. Therefore, the connection will become impossible.

Scope of application

Photo of a do-it-yourself wood tenoning machine

Using tenon cutting machines with their own hands, in addition to carpentry and furniture production, they can:

• Process calibrated wooden panels and particle boards;
• Overtake the perimeters of door parts and window frames;
• Treat floor boards;
• Make parquet.

A separate category of tenoning machines is equipment designed for splicing wooden parts. Such machines are used at production bases where it is necessary to connect boards along their length by splicing them together. To do this, the machine cuts out special toothed tenons at the ends of the workpieces, treats them with glue and presses them with a special press. All wood joining lines operate in automatic mode. The operator's involvement with his own hands consists of monitoring the operation of the tenoning and pressing equipment.

Characteristics of tenon cutters

When choosing tenoning machines for working with your own hands on joining wooden elements, you should pay attention to the most significant parameters of tenoning equipment.

1. The maximum diameter of workpieces that the machine can process.
2. The maximum width of the spike created on the equipment.
3. The largest tenon diameter available on the selected tenoning machine.
4. The type of tenon the machine is designed to produce.
5. Spindle rotation speed. The speed and quality of workpiece processing depends on it.
6. The power of the electric motor installed on the tenoning machine and the type of electrical network to power it. Some machines can be powered from a single-phase household network at 220V. But industrial tenon cutters require a high-quality 380V three-phase line.
7. Dimensions and weight of equipment. The heavy weight protects against vibrations, which can negatively affect the accuracy of the cut tenons. At the same time, large dimensions and weight limit the machine in terms of its movement. Although it is unlikely that you will need to move the tenon cutter from place to place every day. Therefore, emphasis should be placed on minimal vibrations during operation of tenoning equipment.

How does he work

To work with tenoning equipment with your own hands, you need to find out on what principle such machines for making connecting tenons operate.

The entire process can be divided into several steps, each of which directly affects the final quality of the resulting product.

• The workpiece is sent to the machine’s work table, where the wooden part is cut to the required size;
• The wood or wood-based material is then used to create tenons and lugs;
• The frame is a rigid cast structure equipped with clamping mechanisms for fixation. The bed is equipped with a column where the working head is located. Lug boards, cutters or saws corresponding to the task are put on the head;
• To protect the workpiece from splitting during the tenoning process, a special automatic system applies glue to the surface of the workpieces. This prevents the appearance of chips and defects;
• In addition, tenoning machines can be equipped with trimming mechanisms. They are necessary to align the ends of the workpieces being processed;
• At the output, we receive a part with lugs or spikes of the required configuration made on it.

Pay attention to the purpose for which you are purchasing a tenoning machine. For certain situations, certain solutions will be suitable.

1. For small-scale production at home or a small workshop, the optimal choice would be milling machines equipped with tenoning carriages. You get a full-fledged milling machine and tenoning function along with it. This eliminates the need to purchase a separate tenoning device. At the same time, a router with tenoning carriages demonstrates good parameters in small-scale production.
2. Large furniture production, where it is important to obtain a large series of tenons, choose automated tenon-cutting complexes with a CNC module. The CNC module allows you to create all sorts of variations of tenon joints on a tenoning machine. Such equipment is easy to set up and does not require much time to learn how to use it.

Exploitation

There are several features of the operation of tenon cutters that will be useful and simply interesting for you to know about.

• Large conveyor productions provide for the installation of tenoning equipment by fixing it to the ceiling. Additionally, the devices are equipped with clamping units, and the workpieces are accepted by scoring saws. The workpiece is fed to the trimmer, and the milling support completes the processing. Or rather, a couple of them;
• To regulate the feed speed of the part, a variator is used. It allows you to control parameters smoothly;
• To ensure high-quality creation of tenons, the rotation speed of the spindle head should be 7000 rpm;
• There are several options for tenoning devices on the market, which differ in the size of the guides - 2, 2.5 and 3 m;
• The design of the tenon cutter allows the use of several different working tools for woodworking;
• Tenoning units can be additionally equipped with work table extensions and pneumatic clamping devices.

The range of units for creating studs allows you to equip your enterprise with the optimal equipment option. But if this is a small workshop, it makes sense to think about a milling machine with a tenon carriage.

tvoistanok.ru

DIY wood tenoning machine

A tenoning machine is a type of woodworking machine that is used to make lugs and tenons in the production of wooden structures. Elements can be processed both for connection at an angle, in which frame and box grooves are made, and for splicing, in which case dovetail or figured grooves are made.

Wood tenoning machine

Such a machine is usually equipped with a special automated feed mechanism, providing processing in several technological “passes” without operator participation, and an automatic tool changer.

A wood tenoning machine is used both in small workshops and in large-scale mass production. They are indispensable in enterprises involved in woodworking, house construction, as well as furniture production and repair.

Read also about the characteristics and application possibilities of the Makita thickness planer.

Types of tenoning machines

Variable speed workpiece feed mechanisms allow the use of small diameter tools to achieve high precision. The use of interchangeable tools can provide several dozen operations, giving maximum flexibility to all processing settings.

Processes can be controlled by a personal computer with memory, diagnostics and a graphical user interface.

The tenoning machines used are divided into two main types:

• one-sided;
• double sided

Single-sided machines produce tenons on one side of the workpiece in one cycle. These machines operate on the positional principle: the workpiece is fixed on the work table, which makes reciprocating movements relative to the tools (mill and saw) mounted on the spindle.

Read also about the design features and operating rules of the Corvette 4M miter saw.

Single-sided tenoning machine for wood

Double-sided machines produce tenons on both workpieces at once. They work on the positional-pass principle, that is, filing of the end parts is carried out while the workpiece moves relative to the tool, and cutting of tenons and lugs is carried out using a movable milling unit with the workpiece fixedly fixed. to menu

Characteristics of tenoning machines

The main parameters of the machines are described by their technological capabilities:

• maximum spike length;
• minimum tenon thickness;
• maximum eye depth;
• eye width;
• permissible workpiece size.

In addition, machines are characterized by the number of spindles, saw diameter, cutter dimensions, feed speed and engine power.

Read also: applications and types of edge trimming machines.

Famous manufacturers and popular models

Different models may also differ in additional features, such as:

• software control, including using a computer;
• availability of automatic tool changer;
• design of the workpiece feeding mechanism.

Makita Corporation, Japan

The Japanese company Makita offers a computer-controlled machine Makita 5500 S, equipped with two motors to drive two pairs of longitudinal and transverse saw blades. Its parameters provide the required cutting cleanliness and speed of work.

Thicknesser MAKITA

The greatest cutting depth in one pass is 90 mm, while a greater depth of tenons (up to 240 mm with a width and height of 130 mm) can be easily achieved in several passes.

The machine can work with workpieces of unlimited length, for which an auxiliary block with adjustable geometric parameters is used. The machine itself is very compact and light: the horizontal dimensions are 560×620 mm with a height of 810, the weight does not exceed 68 kg.

Read also: types and characteristics of Makita sawing machines.

SCM Group, Italy

Under the group's Celaschi brand, the double-sided machine "Progress" is now produced, suitable not only for processing wood and its derivatives, such as chipboard, but also gypsum boards, plastics and fiberglass.

In addition to the main operation - making tenons using cutters - it can perform cutting, profiling and other operations.

Tenoning machine Orient

"Progress" can work with parts over 6 meters long and up to 20 centimeters thick with a material feed speed of up to 1 meter per second. It also has an automatic tool changer and CNC system, and can be easily integrated with other equipment from SCM Group. to menu

MAGR Group of Companies, Ukraine

The product range includes a modern specialized milling machine model “SSh-200-160P”, which is designed to perform the operation of cutting transverse tenons. Can be used in conjunction with cross-cutting machines and presses for splicing PSD.

Read also about the features of using manual wood milling machines.

Performs batch processing of parts, which eliminates chipping during cutting. The package is fixed using a pneumatic device, the stud pitch is shifted by changing the height of the work table. to menu

Savelovsky "SZDO", Russia

JSC "SZDO" offers high-quality equipment manufactured jointly with the world's leading companies producing equipment for wood processing. The ShS-3 tenoning machine is designed for cutting special wedge tenons at the ends of wooden beams.

FESTO tenoning machine

The machine performs a cycle of operations with a cutter offset by one half of the step, for which a specialized pneumatic system from the Italian company Camozzi is used.

ShS-3 allows you to process parts measuring 20 x 20 centimeters with a thickness of up to 12 centimeters; a full cycle of cutting a tenon on both sides takes no more than 30 seconds. to menu

How to cut tenons with your own hands without using a machine?

Read also: how to make a wood splitter with your own hands?

In this case, you will need a tenoning device. Often, carpenters make homemade tenon cutters, but today you can purchase an industrial model, for example, “CMT” - 300. With its help (if you have an electric router), you can, using various templates, get the box groove you need.

Tools for manual milling

To do this, you will also need a cutter of the required size, or more precisely, an assortment of cutters from the same manufacturer. The CMT trademark belongs to the Italian corporation CMT Utensili SpA.

Grooving machines are often used together with tenoning machines, for example, “Balestrini” 2 CAP.

When working with tenoning machines, it is necessary to use guards to prevent body parts and clothing from getting into moving parts, and to follow established safety rules when using electrical installations.

Read also: how to assemble a wood milling machine with your own hands?

How does a homemade tenon cutting machine work? (video)

Home page » Woodworking

ostanke.ru

Wood tenoning machines: types and features

To fasten together elements of carpentry and furniture, tenon joints are often used. There are several types of tenons for making such wooden products. Among them are box, dovetail, etc. They allow you to securely fasten individual parts at an angle to each other, or simply lengthen them.

For the manufacture of studs, the industry has developed various types of machine equipment, since these are quite complex products. Wood tenoning machines of various types are produced by both domestic industry and foreign machine tool companies.

About tenon cutting equipment

For a long time, the most common tenon cutting machines have been those used to make windows, doors and various other wooden frame structures. According to their operating cycles, all this machine equipment is divided into return and feed-through, single- and double-sided. The main types of their working tools are cutters and saws. Usually, two types of cutters are installed on these machines: horizontal and vertical. A milling machine with a tenon-cutting carriage uses the milling method to produce tenons and lugs for furniture products that are tightly connected to each other.

Special machine equipment is required to produce dovetail tenons, as well as straight box tenons. Typically, such high-precision equipment for wood processing is intended for use by large woodworking enterprises, and tenon joints of these types are the most reliable and allow products to serve people for many years.

Other types of spikes are round and oval. Their production is possible mainly on CNC woodworking machines that operate in automatic mode. An important characteristic of CNC woodworking machines is that they can process tenon joints in various planes.

The main parameters of the tenoning group equipment are:

• the largest radius of the part to be processed;
• maximum size of tenon protrusions;
• the shape of the manufactured spikes;
• spindle speed;
• electrical power consumed from the network;
• weight and dimensions of equipment.

Sometimes double-sided tenon cutting machines are called devices for splicing elements in furniture and carpentry production. They are designed to increase the length of wood blanks by cutting tooth-shaped tenons at their end sections. After cutting the teeth, special glue is applied to the prepared toothed ends of the parts and the products are sent to the press.

Most lines for splicing wooden products are capable of carrying out the main range of their work automatically. A single-sided tenoning machine prepares only one end part of the connection at a time. This does not allow it to achieve such high labor productivity, which is achieved by simultaneous preparation of both edges of the articulated parts.

Machine work cycles

At the initial moment, the wood blank arrives at the surface of the machine table, where it is trimmed according to the specified parameters. Then the formation of engagement elements for the future connection (eyes and spikes) begins. Rigid clamps are used to hold the part during processing. Also attached to the frame is a traverse with a tool head, on which saws and cutters for a tenoning machine are mounted.

To avoid splitting the workpiece when cutting tenons, an adhesive composition is automatically applied to its end surface. This allows you to avoid the formation of chips and chipping of the wood material. To trim the end surfaces before cutting the tenons, special pre-treatment is carried out, bringing the geometry of the end to almost an ideal shape.

Operational features of tenoning machines

When organizing the conveyor method of woodworking production, the working heads of tenoning milling machines are mounted on top. This arrangement does not prevent specialists from approaching the conveyor and making the necessary equipment settings. First, the processing of the end sections of the parts is carried out using saws, and it ends with milling the tenons.

The feed of the workpiece when cutting tenons should be carried out smoothly, strictly at the speed specified by the technological maps. In this case, the rotation speed of working tools should not be less than 7000 rpm. It is this mode that ensures the absence of chips and cracks on the parts.

The design features of tenoning machines for splicing should provide several technological operations for preparing the tenon ends of wooden parts for a reliable connection. To speed up the processing of parts, automatic machines and robotic elements are introduced into the production process technology. First of all, these are automatic extensions of the working surface of the table and pneumatic clamps of parts to it.