When you live in an apartment building with central heating, the question of fuel choice does not arise. You simply pay for the billed service and get as much heat as your neighbors. Of course, there is an option to disconnect from the CHP, and install an individual boiler on natural gas, or on electric heaters. On the one hand, you get a choice: to pay or not to pay. Individual heating brings costs only when you use it. On the other hand, the procedure for installing a personal "boiler room" is associated with a number of restrictions.

• A gas boiler can be installed only if the exhaust "exhaust" is effectively removed. In addition, in some high-rise buildings there is no gas at all.
• Electricity also has certain limits. Not only that, with standard tariffs, this method of heat generation is not very economical. Another limitation is power. Your energy input may simply not pull such parameters (and of course, there can be no talk of any coordination with power engineers).
• Other types of fuel are not discussed at all in collective living. Firewood, coal, liquid fuel - these types of energy are in principle not compatible with high-rise buildings.

Let's get back to restrictions. When planning the installation of individual heating in an apartment, at best you will get a choice: a combined boiler, gas, electricity.

Choosing the type of heating in a private household

Since installation restrictions in an individual house are minimized (you can generally build a free-standing boiler room next to a living space), there remains a relatively free choice of energy carrier.

What can be heated in the private sector?

1. First of all, solid fuel. It can be coal, firewood, or fuel briquettes (essentially the same firewood). We will leave such exotic products as cow dung for the area where it is "found" in abundance.
2. Gas in our country is quite a profitable option. Unless of course he is in a particular locality.
3. Electricity is valuable because it is available almost everywhere. With the exception of perhaps the territory remote from civilization (there is no gas there).

When choosing fuel for a boiler, first of all, the cost of a unit of heated area for a particular region is considered. If logging is developed around you, the choice is made in favor of firewood.

If there is a coal mine nearby, firewood is needed only for kindling. Gas is almost always chosen immediately after connecting the house to blue fuel. Today, there is practically no alternative (at the cost of heat). Of course, we are talking about central gas supply, liquefied fuel in cylinders for heating is unprofitable.

Electricity is available almost everywhere (only you need to worry about the technical conditions in advance to provide the necessary power).

So, let's assume that the technical possibilities for the supply of any fuel are present. We will make an approximate calculation of the monthly heating costs for a cottage with an area of ​​200 m².

Important: The price of energy carriers may differ for different regions, so the figures are approximate. The above table only shows the relative dependence of the cost of heat on the material.

Suppose you have analyzed all possible costs, including the cost of delivery, and made a decision in favor of one or another type of fuel. We bought a boiler, integrated it into the heating system of your house, and signed a contract for the supply of fuel.

A year passes, and the forest in which firewood was harvested was recognized as a specially protected natural area. Firewood must be transported 100-200 km.

There was an accident at the nearest coal mine, it was closed. Coal has become more expensive than firewood.

A nuclear power plant was built nearby, the cost of electricity for the surrounding villages became so profitable that even natural gas is more expensive to heat.

How to protect yourself from such economic risks?

The answer is simple: you need to install a multi-boiler

What is a combi boiler wood electricity gas? Looking at a gas stove for cooking, it is difficult to imagine how a wood burning hearth, a burner and a spiral heater can be placed in one burner. Indeed, it is impossible. However, it is possible to combine different heaters in one housing.

After installing such equipment in the kitchen, dependence on energy is reduced.

And if you have a universal boiler for heating your home?

For example, you are connected to natural gas, and you heat your house with it. Then, on occasion, you managed to pick up a mountain of deadwood in the nearest forest (fortunately, the law on the free procurement of such firewood already exists). You may well not waste gas for some time, and heat with firewood from the forest (again, almost free of charge).

Or there is an accident on the gas main for several days, and you don’t have firewood. If the problem arose in severe frosts - this is a disaster. This is where the ability to turn on the electric heating element comes in handy. Yes, it will be expensive, but at least you will not freeze.

That is, the advantages of a heating system capable of operating on different types of fuel are obvious. You can immediately buy a ready-made boiler for wood and electricity, and then retrofit it with a gas burner: such systems are quite common. In general, it turns out to be somewhat more expensive, but you do not need to immediately pay for additional equipment.

Advantages of a boiler operating on various types of fuel

We discussed economic feasibility in the previous section. Indeed, the cost of heating with various types of fuel can change, and then all your calculations will be reduced to zero. Emergency safety is also important: when you have 300% fuel reserve in reserve, life is somehow calmer. The same applies to technology: for example, the gas burner is out of order, and the master will come only in a week. We heat with wood or electricity.

But there are other advantages too:

• Complete energy independence. There are cases when the main energy source is not possible to acquire. There are many reasons, including illegal ones. You can still provide your home with heat.
• Any heating system (especially with a liquid heat carrier) is quite inertial. While you melt firewood (coal), until the gas burner comes into operation, a lot of time will pass. If you entered the house after a long absence, you want instant warming up. You can start the express mode from an electric heater, then switch to economical heating from gas or solid fuel.
• You can dismantle the gas burner for prevention without disturbing the heating mode.

How a heating boiler works on wood and electricity

This design is most popular in regions where there is no gasification yet. No expensive solutions are required: a conventional hot water boiler with an integrated heating element.

• The combustion chamber is the same as in a conventional solid fuel boiler. Grids, blower, dampers, chimney. In normal mode, firewood or coal is loaded there. It is necessary to monitor combustion in manual mode (this is a characteristic feature of economy class heating systems).
• A water jacket with a coolant is placed around the combustion chamber. Depending on the "advancement" of the design, the shirt may have advanced heat exchangers. The illustration shows cross-sectional pipes. The more efficiently heat is given off from the fire, the higher the efficiency of the boiler.
• To maintain the intensity of combustion, a fan can be installed in front of the air damper. It works in manual or automatic mode. If the weather is so-called "bad" outside, in terms of combustion, additional traction will be required.

So, you loaded the chamber with fuel, and left for work. Combustion is slowly maintained according to a given cycle, then the solid fuel ended ahead of time (for example, the weather improved, the wind rose, traction improved). You come home, and the house has cooled down. We have to wait until the firewood flares up.

Electric wood burning boiler will not let your house cool down

Imagine that an electric heater is integrated into the jacket with the coolant. With the help of the control panel, it is connected to the mains. You have set the heating medium temperature to, for example, +50°C. When firewood, coal, or pallets burn out, the temperature sensor will work, and the automation will turn on the electric heater. The temperature in the house is back to normal.

Yes, this heating will cost more than with solid fuels. But the house will be warm when you return.

An additional electric heating system can be installed immediately, or purchased separately. Such sets are standardized for various models of boilers, and are offered for free sale.

Then you throw firewood or coal into the combustion chamber, the water temperature rises, the sensor turns off the automation and electricity consumption stops.

Of course, this is not a two-way process. If the electrics turn on automatically, then only you can throw firewood into the firebox. Of course, there are automatic pallet feeding systems, but these are already additional costs.

Equipping your boiler with similar technologies, or immediately buying a multi-fuel system, you will at least add comfort (which is worth the opportunity not to get up at 5 in the morning for morning heating). In addition, such a system will protect your heating system from defrosting at temperatures below zero.

For example, you are leaving for a winter vacation or a business trip. There will be no one to throw coal into the furnace. Of course, it is ruinous to heat the boiler with pure electricity. But you can set the regulator to a minimum, only to maintain a positive temperature in the room. And upon returning, immediately warm up the house, and proceed to traditional heating: solid fuel.

Features of the use of multi-fuel systems

Each option has advantages and disadvantages: an electric wood-burning boiler is no exception.

Outcome

Installing multi-fuel systems in a home boiler room will require additional investments. However, the benefits that automation provides, or simply the ability to use the current type of energy, pays off with interest.

Moreover, there are systems in which additional modules can be integrated as needed.

Related videos

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Each owner of a country house wants to heat his area as cheaply and efficiently as possible. You can use different options for solving the problem, but a combined boiler: electric and wood-burning is the best answer to the heating problem. The resource consumption is lower than with gas installations, so the price of autonomy will not be shocking.

Combined heating boilers: wood-electricity - what is it?

This device is able to provide a country house with heat for a long time and reliably. Of course, the name speaks for itself: this boiler works simultaneously on two types of resources - wood and electricity, which are perfectly combined with each other and save a lot of money on fuel (read also: "").

A distinctive feature of such boilers over the standard solid fuel model is the presence of a tubular electric heater installed in the heat exchanger tank (more details: ""). In addition, these wood-burning electric heating boilers have an automatic system for controlling the power of the output heat, so that the device can switch to a more economical mode at any time.

Additional equipment for the heating system

A combined gas firewood electricity boiler can come with special meters and performance control systems that significantly increase the flow of heat into the house (read also: ""). Such sensors can independently turn on the heating mode not with wood, but with electricity, which allows you not to worry about an unexpected cold snap in your home.

In addition, these devices do an excellent job of heating the area and in relatively warm weather, when high power is not required. They drive water through pipes, maintaining a predetermined minimum temperature. Thus, the electric is useful in any weather. If the owners of the property are not at home, and you don’t want to spend a decent amount on heating, then the device can be put into saving mode, which will maintain a temperature sufficient to keep the water in the pipes from freezing.

Features of the structure of the universal boiler

Each such system has a simple, but verified design of the apparatus. As a rule, firewood gas has a firebox at the bottom of the appliance.

Solid fuel is added there, for example:

• Firewood (read: "");
• Coal;
• Peat.

During the operation of the boiler, heat is generated, which heats the liquid in the heat exchanger. This heated water is sent through pipes throughout the house.

In the case of switching fuel from wood to electricity, the main element of the system will be tubular. In addition, in the energy saving mode, the wood combi boiler also switches electricity to current.

Installation and rules for using the device

Since the device works on several types of resources at once, you should be especially careful when using it. In addition, the installation of the boiler must be carried out as much as possible in accordance with the instructions in order to avoid further problems during use.

It is worth starting work with planning the placement of the system. A separate room will be required, since it is better to place combined heating with electric firewood isolated from other housing elements. The boiler itself should be placed on a concrete pad, in addition, it will be necessary to think over and install a chimney and a ventilation system.

If you do not want to deal with the installation of the heating system, then it is better to turn to professionals who will not only quickly bring the matter to the final stage, but will also issue a guarantee for the work done.

The principle of the device of a combined boiler in a private house, details on the video:

Combined boilers firewood electricity: the main advantages

This heating system has a number of advantages over standard gas heaters or wood-burning boilers, for example:

• Fuel is cheaper than that of analogues using only one type of kindling. Since not only electricity is consumed, but also wood, it is possible to throw any waste from sawmills into the boiler, which are sold for ridiculous amounts.
• The combination boiler is very versatile, as it can switch from wood to electricity at any time. This is especially important, since there are situations when logs are not at hand, and it is necessary to maintain the temperature in the house (read also: "").
• This is very economical, as wood and electricity are now the cheapest in the fuel services market. Every year gas becomes more and more expensive, so switching to combined heating will be very profitable.
• Universal boilers for heating wood electricity do not have a harmful effect on the environment, as they do not emit emissions into the atmosphere. Thus, it is one of the most environmentally friendly heating systems, safe for allergy sufferers and asthmatics.
• The automaticity of the system allows you not to worry about the safety of heat in the house or overspending on fuel even in the absence of property owners.
• Electricity and wood emit a large amount of heat, so that the room warms up very quickly and efficiently. A well-thought-out system of the device allows you to avoid heat losses, which also allows you to seriously save on fuel.
• Combined boilers have a long service life, so by purchasing such a unit, you can forget about upgrading the heating system for a long time.
• The boiler has pleasant external characteristics, so that even putting up a house for sale and taking a photo of a room with a heating system, the seller will only receive advantages from the presence of this system.
• Such boilers do not produce dangerous leaks, as is the case with gas counterparts, so you can worry less about the safety of your home.

Currently, such combined systems are gaining popularity due to the cheapness of fuel and the ability to vary the heating mode. They provide excellent performance, heating the home in the shortest possible time without eating up a fortune. In addition, this development will last for many years, so a combined wood and electricity boiler is the choice of those who prefer reliability and practicality.

Solid fuel boilers, despite all the obvious advantages and disadvantages, have another hidden aspect that you have to pay attention to over time. Systems with manual boot mode do not work in maintenance mode. The fuel in the furnace has run out - the boiler stops working, respectively, the coolant begins to cool. This problem is well known to residents of the private sector and owners of country houses.

Constantly throwing up coal or firewood, filling the firebox, is not always possible, and stopping the boiler in winter is fraught with a sharp drop in temperature in all residential premises.

The best option to prevent such a situation would be a heating system in which an electric boiler is tied to a solid fuel boiler.

Functions of an electric boiler in a heating system with a solid fuel unit

Connecting an electric boiler to the system in conjunction with a solid fuel heater is a fairly common engineering solution. This option eliminates the possibility of cooling the heating system, prevents hypothermia of the main heating unit and maintains a comfortable temperature in the house. An electric boiler often acts as a backup heating device, the task of which is to equalize the temperature of the coolant in the heating system.

The layout of solid fuel and electric boilers when used together in the heating system

The operation of solid fuel boilers needs periodic human control - all models of such units need to be loaded with fuel.

On a note: for traditional boilers, the number of downloads can reach up to 2-6 times per day. The situation is different with pyrolysis boilers and long-burning units. Here, frequent human intervention is not required. One load of fuel is enough for 12-24 hours of boiler operation, and for some models - for 48 hours of operation.

The main task for the owner of the house with the heating turned on is to prevent the boiler and heating system from cooling down. An electric boiler paired with a solid fuel boiler successfully solve this problem. Let us consider in detail the combination of a solid fuel boiler with a heating device powered by electricity.

The working one is as follows: a solid fuel unit with a power of 50 kW must be combined with an electric boiler with a power of 28 kW. The operation of the electric heater is periodic. The unit must be on the pickup - be ready to turn on immediately after the main equipment stops. The electric boiler starts when the fuel in the solid fuel boiler runs out and the temperature of the coolant in the system drops to 50 0 C. In this case, there must be a water tank for the hot water supply system in the circuit, which in this case acts as a heat accumulator.

The main elements of the circuit that consume the power of autonomous heating boilers are:

• heating radiators - require 30 kW;
• heating system "warm floor" - up to 15 kW;
• storage capacity for the DHW system - an average of 300 liters.

Attention! Automation for adjusting the switching of circuits in this situation - a bunch of units is not required.

An electric boiler, working together with a heat accumulator, is a group that prevents a coolant with a temperature that has fallen below a critical level of 50 0 C from entering the main heating unit.

The pump installed in the system periodically drives the coolant through the pipeline, signaling the temperature in the heating circuit. When the temperature of the coolant drops to a critical level, the electric boiler equipped with heating elements is put into operation, taking on the task of supplying heat to the house. A thermostat and a three-way valve provide temperature control of the hot water tank. When the water temperature in the DHW system circuit drops, the coolant is launched into the coil to heat hot water. A properly connected electric boiler, competent piping with a solid fuel boiler, will make your system completely controllable.

In the described design of the heating system, all heating equipment, including the pipeline, is reliably protected from defrosting when the main heating device is stopped and does not cause interruptions in residential heating and hot water supply.

Combined heating boilers

Another, less expensive option is the installation of a combined unit, which is a solid fuel boiler and an electric unit at the same time.

Such devices use solid fuel and electricity to heat the coolant, being designed for the interchangeability of these energy carriers during operation. A feature of such units is the installation of electric heating elements in the tank of a solid fuel boiler - heating elements provide the necessary heating of the coolant passing through the heat exchanger. The idea of ​​combining an electrical device with a solid fuel unit is not new, but it became possible to launch the production of the corresponding heating equipment only after the appearance of combined automation devices and new generation materials.

The principle of operation of combined heating mechanisms is that, while the combustion chamber is free from the main type of fuel (wood, coal, peat, etc.), the main work on heating the coolant is for. Thanks to the installed control sensors, the equipment independently reacts to changes in temperature, turning on and off as needed.

In practice, it looks like this: the fuel filling has already completely burned out, respectively, the boiler went out. The boiler water accordingly begins to lose its temperature. Solid fuel is being replaced by electric heating. Now the heating mechanism works like a regular electric boiler until the firebox is filled with the next batch of firewood or coal.

After the main unit reaches the optimal operating mode, the control unit turns off the electric heating elements, the heating again works on solid fuel.

Advantages and disadvantages of combined heating equipment

Despite the high cost, combined boilers have undeniable advantages. These include not only complete control over the state of the entire home heating system, but also a number of others:

• the device does an excellent job of heating rooms with low energy consumption;
• combined boilers are environmentally friendly heating units;
• lack of condensate, since the first heating of the device is carried out in both modes - main and auxiliary;
• the entire heating complex is constantly in working condition, which is important in the event of a long absence of the owners of the house.

However, this technique also has disadvantages.

A significant disadvantage for combined heaters is energy dependence. In the absence of voltage in the network, the system loses its efficiency and versatility.

Important! When installing equipment, it is necessary to take into account the potential of home electrical wiring, which may not be designed for the power of the equipment being installed. The presence of low-amperage circuit breakers will lead to constant power outages in the house. Before installation, make sure that the power consumption limit allocated for you is able to satisfy the operation of the heating equipment.

Unlike traditional solid fuel appliances, in which the efficiency reaches 70-80%, combined products have a lower coefficient - by about 3-5%.

How to achieve joint operation of electric and solid fuel units

If you are faced with a choice of which individual heating option to prefer - a solid fuel boiler, an autonomous electrical unit or a combination of these two devices, the latter option has advantages. To install the circuit, you will need a connection diagram for both units, similar to a gas-solid fuel heating complex. Properly done piping of equipment is a guarantee of the efficiency and safety of operation of this equipment.

The proposed video describes in detail how and in what way to connect heating devices on a solid together with electric heating elements

What to pay attention to when installing:

• both devices must have a reasonable power ratio, a coal-fired or wood-burning heater is the main source of heat, so its power must be twice the power of an electric boiler;
• both units are connected in parallel, which gives the independence of the operation of one from the other;
• the solid fuel unit is the main one and is connected to a large circuit, while the electric boiler is responsible for the temperature in a small one;
• the main heating unit is equipped with a three-way valve;
• to save energy and ensure the safety of heating, the installation of a heat accumulator is required;
• each heater is set to a certain heating temperature - for solid fuel equipment, the operating temperature should be 60-70 0 C, while on the electric unit the temperature is set to 40-50 0 C, since due to the presence it will cool down more slowly, and the electric boiler will start with a delay in time.

Eventually

In each case, the homeowner himself decides how to organize an autonomous heating system. The proposed technical solutions will not only eliminate the unpleasant consequences of the attenuation of the main heater during a severe winter, but will also provide some energy savings.

The efficiency of operation of solid fuel units and electric boilers in pairs has been proven by practice - the interaction of these devices gives greater comfort and guarantees the reliability of heat supply.

Until quite recently, the owners of private houses did not even think about what fuel the heat source would operate on to heat their homes. The question was considered rhetorical, and the answer was clear - it was natural gas. However, the time has come for non-standard solutions, since energy carriers are constantly becoming more expensive, and it is not known which of them will be beneficial for use tomorrow. That is why there has been a massive interest in such heating installations as an electric wood-burning boiler.

What are the advantages of combined installations?

The solution is really non-standard, and it makes it possible to kill several birds with one stone:

• find an alternative to natural gas for heating;
• play it safe for the future, having in stock as many as two additional energy carriers;
• at the same time, ensure comfortable operation of the heater, eliminating the need to fiddle with firewood in the furnace at night.

Arranging heating with electric wood-fired boilers is also relevant in new buildings, for the same reasons. At the same time, it is possible to recall the old-fashioned methods and mount a gravity-flow heating system in order to maximize independence from external influences. Although the convection system is not the best solution in terms of efficiency, it is affordable at the cost of installation. And in the event of a power outage, you can always safely switch to firewood.

Unit design features

Externally, the device of an electric wood-burning boiler practically does not differ from a traditional solid fuel heat generator. Only in one place, where the water jacket of the unit is located under the casing and thermal insulation, there is a special hole from which contacts for connecting electrical wires are visible. In reality, the combined plant has a solid fuel combustion chamber, an ash chamber with a damper through which the combustion air passes, and a grate.

Household combined boilers for wood and electricity can be equipped with both a water-tube heat exchanger and fire tubes. Some models are also equipped with hobs located in the upper part of the combustion chamber. That is, these are full-fledged solid fuel installations with an efficiency of 75-85%. But they have one design feature: one of the furnace walls, which is the inner lining of the water jacket, has a complex profile made using cold stamping. Thanks to this profile, one or more heating elements are placed in the space between the inner and outer skin of the jacket. This is a special case of the scheme according to which electric wood heating boilers are made, heating elements can be built into the boiler tank in other ways.

When for some reason the boiler cannot operate on the main fuel - wood, it automatically switches to electricity and vice versa, when the furnace is ignited, the electric heaters are turned off.

Description of the boiler

The heating elements are controlled by an electric unit, and the intensity of solid fuel combustion is regulated by an air supply thermostat, opening the ash chamber damper at a certain angle by a chain. That is, the control functions of the electric and solid fuel parts of the heater are separated. If air is forced into the furnace by a fan, then both parts are controlled by automatics for a wood-burning boiler. In the first case, the algorithm of work is as follows:

After connecting the heat generator to the network, the electric heater is switched on. The temperature of the coolant is set on the control panel and the heating element starts to heat the water in automatic mode. It is better to set the temperature 10-15 ºС below the working one.

At this time, fuel is loaded into the combustion chamber and it is ignited. From this point on, the heating of the coolant occurs jointly, unless the electric heaters are forcibly turned off.

Having reached the water temperature set on the remote control, the heating elements turn off and the heat carrier is heated by firewood to the operating temperature. The intensity of combustion is controlled by a thermostat with a chain drive, and as soon as the water reaches the operating temperature, it shuts off the air supply.

When the combined boiler burns out its main fuel and there is no new load, the coolant will begin to cool down and at a certain moment the sensor of the electrical unit will work and it will turn on the heaters, which will maintain the temperature of the water until the next laying of firewood.

The algorithm for working with an air supply fan and a single electronic unit is similar to that described above, only the process of setting up the equipment is simplified. In this case, the energy independence of the solid fuel part of the unit is lost.

Due to their design and principle of operation, electric wood heating boilers for a private house acquire some advantages that are not characteristic of conventional solid fuel units:

1. Condensation does not occur on the inner walls of the furnace due to the flow of cold water from the return pipeline, since the boiler tank is constantly heated by the heating element.
2. As a result, the heating system of the building can be connected directly to the heat source, without the organization of a small circuit and a mixing unit with a three-way valve.
3. Theoretically, the efficiency of a combined water heater increases to 97-99% when the electric heating is on and the main firebox is not operating.

At the same time, the versatility of the unit does not eliminate the shortcomings inherent in both types of heaters separately. This is inertia, which is expressed in the impossibility of immediately stopping the heating of the coolant when the maximum temperature is reached.

Another drawback is the relatively low power of the electrical part, which will not be significantly increased by a water jacket device, it is impossible to build many electric heaters into it. For this reason, the power of electric heaters is equal to the power of a wood combustion chamber in the range of 6-25 kW. If a higher rate is required, then the electricity will only serve as heating and will be able to maintain the temperature of the coolant at a certain level.

Conclusion

The use of universal electric power - solid fuel installations for heating a small private house is a fairly rational solution that provides a lot of advantages over a separate system. Yes, and the issue of cost plays a role, at the price of a combined heater, it will not be possible to buy solid fuel and electric heating boilers separately.

Combined boilers are designed for space heating and are distinguished by the fact that they can operate on different types of fuel. These are electricity, liquid gas, firewood and coal. Such a design adds efficiency to the heating system and makes it independent of the presence of some type of fuel resource. If electric solid fuel boilers for some reason can no longer work on electricity, solid fuel is used: firewood, coal.

There are various modifications of combined heating devices. They can be two-chamber, that is, they have compartments for gas and liquid fuel, and the device can be operated on these two types of fuel at the same time. Varieties of combined boilers differ in combinations of types of fuel. Gas is combined with solid fuel or liquid fuel, that is, diesel fuel, and sometimes all three types are used.

These are universal boilers used for heating country houses and other premises with unstable centralized heat supply. Combined heating devices eliminate dependence on one type of combustible material as a heating source. If there is coal, then you can save on diesel fuel or gas. At the same time, coal or wood has to be heated manually, and if this is not possible, gas is used. Devices only require regular maintenance for their long-term operation.

Combinations of fuels in boilers

The combination of solid fuel and electricity helps to quickly turn on the heating in the room. Solid fuel combined boilers, which also work on electricity, have so-called heating elements in the heat exchanger tank - tubular electric heaters. The device is adjustable, having switches for fuel modes and for changing power. As a rule, there are temperature sensors that perform the alarm function when the power of the solid fuel unit decreases.

In this case, the heating elements turn on automatically. Like any other boiler that uses wood, peat and coal, this device needs a chimney that provides draft when burning. The design consists of a furnace, above which heat exchangers are placed, containing liquid inside. Water is heated by burning fuel or by means of electricity to the desired level.

After that, it passes through the heating system. If no one is at home, then such a heater can operate at low power, while preventing the batteries from freezing for an extended period. Such boilers are economical, safe enough, but the disadvantage is the large size of the unit. Solid fuel boilers when combined with electricity are very popular, as they are convenient and reliable to use.

Rice. one Combined boiler on solid
fuel and electricity AOTVC 20+6

If solid fuel and gas are combined in the heating unit, then the device requires attention to safety. It has no automatic systems to ensure safe operation.

With a combination of gas and liquid, that is, diesel fuel, heating is effective. To switch to another type of fuel, it is necessary to change the burner. This boiler can heat large rooms.

Gas and diesel heat up quickly, but if electricity is included in the combination, it will be possible to maintain the set temperatures.

Solid, liquid fuel and gas combined makes the boiler versatile. The heating system acquires reliability and independence from fuel problems. If you supply a country house with such a boiler, then it is not entirely easy to operate it, but the device will be multifunctional.

A combined boiler for four types of fuel: solid, liquid, gas and electricity is not only universal, but also allows you to save on heating your home.

Advantages of universal boilers

• If the gas supply to the house is not regular, and there are also problems with electricity, then with a combined universal boiler, it is possible to use other available fuels.
• Sometimes the transition between modes occurs automatically, but sometimes it is necessary to adapt a different type of burner.
• There is the prospect of saving a more expensive energy resource by using a cheaper variety of fuel when it is available in abundance.
• The installation is inherent in durability, as well as reliable equipment. It can be repaired and do all kinds of prevention, extending the service life.

All this list of advantages allows you to give preference to combined boilers in comparison with other types.

Solid fuel and electricity boiler

A combined solid fuel boiler, which also runs on electricity, is not much different from a conventional heating solid fuel boiler. You can heat with the help of firewood, coal, peat in the form of briquettes, combustible household waste. Under the firebox there is a cavity for ash, and in the upper part of the firebox there is a heat exchanger tank. The heat during combustion is transferred to the heat exchanger. Water has the ability to expand in a highly heated form and rises to the pipeline, and then to the heating circuit.

There is also a return pipeline, through which water with a lower temperature returns to the heat exchanger. So, by means of circulation, the operation of a solid fuel boiler is carried out. But the fuel supply eventually comes to an end, the temperature transmitted to the heat exchanger decreases and the circulation becomes slower. At a certain value of the reduced temperature, the automatic sensor in the tank turns on the heating process with the help of electricity.

To do this, tubular-type electric heaters are built into the heat exchanger.

Even if the power decreases, the heating efficiency, the heating continues to function for a long period. This thermostatic switch and heaters distinguish the combined boiler from a conventional solid fuel boiler. And since their price is low, the cost of these two types of boilers is almost the same, modification in design does not require large expenses. Switching to another type of heating occurs automatically.

Rice. 2 Heating boilers on solid
fuel and electricity in operation

The electric heater helps to set the mode of maintaining a specific temperature in the heating system. As a rule, this is the permissible minimum temperature, but this does not replace the unit with full electric heating. For the heating mode, a box is equipped with a solid fuel unit in a building structure, filling it with basalt wool. This is a chimney that should be galvanized with the exception of flammable materials, wood.

Good draft in the chimney improves the combustion process. A pipe with this function is commercially available. It is connected to the boiler through an additional part - an adapter. Since the heating unit is massive, it will be correct to install it on a separate foundation. The distance from the walls should be more than fifty centimeters, and the walls near the boiler must be galvanized.

Rice. 3

A solid fuel electric boiler with a long burning mode is characterized by high efficiency, a duration of several days with one laying of firewood or coal. In addition to electric heating elements, it often has an electronic control unit that regulates air supply, ventilation, power, and can compare temperatures over periods of time. Such combined boilers are safe to use. For example, during power outages, the system is transferred to the appropriate mode.

Some models have room temperature sensors. Electric and at the same time solid fuel boilers differ from other combined designs with two types of fuel in terms of cost, which is much lower. In fact, you have to pay for one boiler, which often amounts to no more than 15 thousand rubles. The electrical components are of negligible cost compared to a second boiler or switching device. Circulation pumps are also not needed in some modifications of the type of combined boiler in question, because circulation occurs naturally.

Are there disadvantages?

• The high cost of electricity consumed during heating. This problem is offset by the fact that in solid fuel mode, savings can be made by using wood or coal, resulting in a low total fuel cost.
• Bulky and heavy, as a result of which only floor versions are produced. It is impossible to hang the boiler on the wall.
• For buildings with more than two floors, a solid fuel boiler is not suitable due to the inability to equip a chimney. It is also impractical to heat too small houses with a bulky unit.
• Regarding the use of electricity, a three-phase connection is required and coordination with the electricity service regarding increased power.
• For preventive maintenance, it is necessary to contact professional specialists and do it regularly.

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To install this type of boiler at home, it is best to allocate a separate room, as well as a place to store firewood or other solid combustible material. This method of heating is gaining popularity, representing an autonomous system with which it is possible to heat a cottage or a country house, regardless of the regularity of fuel supply by centralized services.