One of the cheapest types of fuel used to operate heating boilers is waste oil. It can be anything: synthetic or natural. Oil drained from culinary units, cars or diesel locomotives is suitable.

In any case, when burned, it will give a large amount of heat. Therefore, it is very profitable to assemble a boiler using used oil with your own hands. Especially if you need to heat a utility room or garage.

We will tell you how the heater is arranged and works, what are the design nuances of a home-made unit, and we will also describe the step-by-step process of assembling the boiler and the features of its operation.

The mining boiler can be pyrolysis. Its main feature is the possibility of long-term operation on one fuel tab. Structurally, such a model will differ in the presence of an afterburner.

Here the final combustion of all chemical elements that make up the used oil takes place. Due to the presence of an afterburner, the operating time on one portion of oil is significantly increased.

How to make a boiler yourself

For the manufacture of a heater, we need the following materials and tools. We prepare sheet steel with a minimum thickness of 4 mm, fittings with a section of 10 or 8 mm, a pipe for an air duct, tees, spurs and half-inch corners for a burner, steel adapters, a compressor, an expansion tank and a pump.

In addition, you will need welding equipment, a heat-resistant sealant, an asbestos sheet and a grinder.

One of the simplest boiler designs in development. Such a device is very simple to make on your own, while it will work effectively.

Consider the process of manufacturing the simplest home-made boiler for mining. The device itself can take different forms. In this regard, to facilitate the work, you can take not sheet steel, but a section of a large-section pipe with thick walls.

For example, a workable device that easily heats a standard-sized garage is obtained from two pipe fragments. One with a section of 0.5 m, the second - 0.2 m.

In addition to them, you will need two more metal plates with a minimum thickness of 3 mm, cut out in the shape of a circle. If you need a more powerful heater, then parts of the required dimensions are selected or made from sheet steel.

Now you can proceed to the assembly. We start with the preparation of the body. It will be made from a larger pipe. We cut it with a grinder so that we get a fragment about a meter high.

We also cut the pipe of a smaller section. So that we get a fragment with a height of 20 cm. Now we are preparing the plates that will function as the bottom and cover of the case.

In one of them we make a hole corresponding in size to the chimney. This will be the case cover. In the other, we cut a hole for the connection with a fragment of a small pipe. This will be the bottom of the structure.

We weld to it a cylinder cut from a pipe of a smaller diameter. We close its bottom with another round plate. We assemble the body, covering it with plates on both sides. We connect the parts, scald them in a circle.

We attach legs made of reinforcing bars to the bottom of the case. We drill ventilation holes in the pipe. We received a cylindrical boiler, in the lower part of the body of which there is a small reservoir.

Now you need to equip the door. Cut it out at the bottom of the cylinder with a grinder. We put and fix the chimney on the upper part of the body. The simplest version of the boiler is ready.

To ignite it, you will need to pour some mining into the lower container and set it on fire with a burning paper wick. This is the simplest of all known options. You can assemble a more complex, and therefore more efficient design.

Actually, the schematic diagram of any fuel device for mining consists of two boxes made of durable metal, interconnected by an air duct in the form of a perforated pipe.

The lower box is equipped with a hole through which oil is poured into the evaporation chamber; a damper is usually located opposite it. The upper box is equipped with a hole into which the chimney is inserted.

It is very easy to supplement such a scheme with a variety of components: an oil supply pump, a drip feed, an air compressor, or connect a supply tank with fuel to the boiler.

You can also connect a water circuit. But in this case, it will be necessary to equip an efficient burner that can carry out the most uniform heating of the coolant.

A variant of a burner for a mining boiler, which is powered by a glow plug of a diesel engine. Such a burner can be used for appliances that heat the water circuit.

Consider the manufacturing process of such a burner. Actually, its shape can be arbitrary, but it must be remembered that the mixing zone should always be located only above the combustion zone.

Only in this case, unused mining will be able to return to the tank. To make the burner body, we take half-inch corners and connect them with tees and spurs.

For the oil pipeline supplying mining, adapters for the fitting will be additionally needed. Before tightening, we coat all threaded connections well with a heat-resistant sealant. We use sheet steel for the burner cover. Sheet thickness at least 3 mm.

We cut out a part from it that matches the size of the nest on the boiler. After we assembled the burner, it remains to install it correctly. To do this, we will prepare two steel plates, one should be slightly smaller than the other, nuts, bolts and an asbestos sheet. Half-inch tubes and the inner surface of the adapter must be covered with asbestos. We must fix the fabric.

We glue it with silicate sealant in two layers, fix asbestos on the tubes with steel wire. Now we take the burner and insert it into the body, if necessary, we adjust it to the installation socket.

After the burner "stood" in place, we install a smaller plate in the nest and cover it with several layers of asbestos cloth. Ideally, if there are four or five.

We use a large plate as a fixing pad. We drill several holes in it for fasteners, after which we lay them on top of the asbestos and twist both plates with bolts.

It must be understood that the resulting connection should be as tight as possible, if this is not the case, the elements of the burner may move during operation. To ignite such a burner, a standard glow plug is used, which is used in diesel engines.

In a simplified version, a mining boiler is a stove to which a heat exchanger or tank is connected to heat the coolant. The following selection of photos will acquaint you with the process of making a homemade stove:

Image Gallery

In order to assemble the basis of the boiler - the stove for testing, we prepare the parts. It is better to cut them on a waterjet machine, for which you should contact a locksmith shop

Before welding the parts, we adjust them to each other using a clamp. We strive to give the shell the most rounded shape. If necessary, align the strip of metal with a hammer

After fitting, we weld the shell and the upper plane of the cover. First, we weld with dots after 2-3 cm, then with a continuous continuous seam

We adjust the shell of the lower part of the lower tank in the same way. We weld the parts, check for leaks by pouring water into the resulting container

We assemble the lid of the lower tank in the same way: we adjust the shape of the bottom and round the shell

We connect the fitted parts by welding. First of all, we cook with dots at small intervals, then with a continuous seam

Inside the upper tank we mount a fender, which will direct the flue gases to the chimney

Liquid fuel stoves began to be widely used at the beginning of the last century. At first they appeared in industry, but in the 60s they began to be used in everyday life. A striking representative of such equipment is a waste oil boiler with a water circuit.

The rapid growth of its popularity in those years is due to the availability of petroleum products. People could buy them very cheaply or get them for free.

A waste oil boiler is a good and cheap way to heat a garage

Operating principle

Engine oils that have served their time are called working off. They are a source of environmental pollution and do not burn well. This is explained by the inability of oxygen to oxidize the entire set of chemical elements that make up the composition. But if it is possible to split mining into simple components, then it turns into energy-efficient fuel.

The method of separating used oil in science has been used for a long time - it is pyrolysis. With this process, combustible substances can be separated from any type of fuel: wood, coal and oil. This process is simple and does not require additional financial costs.

The main advantage of pyrolysis is that when burning fuel, it supports itself and even regulates. A person does not even need to intervene in this process.

Oil purification methods

To start the decomposition of the energy carrier into simple components, it only needs to be heated to a temperature of 400 ° C. The required temperature indicators are achieved in 2 ways. The first method involves igniting fuel in a special container.

During combustion, the fuel begins to evaporate. The resulting Coriolis force allows you to create a flammable gas-air mixture. But this is only possible if all the parameters of the furnace are carefully calculated.

Particular attention should be paid characteristics of the combustion chamber. It must have a certain diameter and height. Numerous holes are made in its walls. Through them, the rising fuel vapors are saturated with oxygen. In the upper part of the chamber there is a trap that slows down the speed of gas movement and separates the afterburning zone, in which complex chemical compounds break down into harmless components.

This method is very simple and reliable, but it cannot be called safe. To ensure safety, it is necessary to significantly complicate the design of the furnace.

In the second method, the pyrolysis and afterburning zone is formed directly in the burner flame.

The latter must have a certain configuration and provide a stepwise formation of a combustible mixture.

Such a device is more complex, since a compressor is required for its operation. It provides the fuel with initial movement.

And the vapors are formed due to the operation of the burner. The same process can be seen in a blowtorch.

Homemade designs

Homemade mining boilers with a water circuit have a similar principle of operation, but they function somewhat differently. They don't have a burner. Its role is played by a container heated to high temperatures. Drops of oil, falling on it, instantly evaporate, and the vapors ignite. This is not pure pyrolysis, since during microexplosions, when fuel collides with a hot surface, additional energy is released from the decay of molecules.

The simplest working furnace works as follows:

1. The bottom container is in the form of a bowl.
2. The upper chamber afterburning enriched mixture.
3. Perforated metal pipe with perforation for enrichment of vapors with oxygen.

Gasoline is used to ignite the fuel in the lower chamber. After the start of combustion, the oil evaporates intensively. Vapors rise up the pipe, enrich and burn in the upper chamber. At the same time, the temperature at the bottom rarely exceeds 350 ° C, and at the top 900 ° C. If oil is added to the lower bowl manually, then a hole is made in its lid to allow fuel to be poured. For automatic feeding, connect a pipe leading to the fuel tank.

The working furnace has the following advantages:

1. Versatility. It can be used in any enclosed space.
2. Possibility to make your own.
3. Inexpensive fuel.
4. High heating rate.
5. Compact dimensions.

This system has only 2 drawbacks.

The first is the rapid contamination of the chimney. It will need to be cleaned regularly. The second drawback is expressed in the noise. When burning an air-oil sweep, a hum is heard.

Furnace types

Waste boilers are used in a wide variety of applications. Given this, household stoves, water heating and heating can be distinguished. They differ not only in design, but also in size.

Domestic boilers are usually installed in rooms that cannot be heated with water heating. These units have a minimum fuel consumption. Their design is such that the oil in them burns to the end.

Household appliances practically do not smoke. But despite this, they are equipped with additional filters, which allows you to increase the level of security.

Such units are loved primarily for their excellent mobility. An adult man can easily move a small stove to the right place. At the same time, it will not take up much space in the room.

Household furnaces for mining are easily modified. If necessary, a small water circuit can be connected to it, and it can better heat the room or provide the home with hot water. If you install a special metal platform on it, then you can cook food.

For water heating

Water-heating boilers in the upper part have a platform for fixing a metal container with water. The latter usually has a toroidal shape, which ensures more uniform heating of the coolant. In order for such a device to work effectively, a water pump is connected to the boiler.

The high combustion temperature of the air-oil mixture in the upper chamber provides a higher heating rate than in factory-made boilers. Waste oil water boiler heats water up to 60°C twice as fast. And the cost of heating is reduced by 20 times compared to electric boilers.

Heating appliances

Heating boilers are initially created for inclusion in the water heating system. Here, special attention is paid to security systems. Furnaces are equipped with additional afterburning and filtration devices.

Despite the high level of safety, oil-fired boilers should be placed in specially equipped rooms.

Heating of the coolant is provided by a heat exchanger installed in the upper combustion chamber. It may take the form of a tubular contour or a steel jacket covering the combustion zone. The movement of fluid in the system is provided by an electric pump.

The heating temperature can be adjusted by reducing the flame in the combustion chamber. This adjustment is achieved by installing a small turbine that pumps air into the furnace.

This process can be automated - for this you just need to install a thermostat.

Making a boiler with your own hands

Any solid fuel or gas furnace can be converted to liquid fuel. But for self-production, it is better to choose a drawing of a boiler for mining with a water circuit with a flame bowl.

The home-made boiler is small in size, but at the same time provides 15 kW of thermal power. In an hour, he consumes no more than 1.5 liters of mining per hour. Air is forced into the combustion chamber using a small turbine, so you will need to take care of supplying electricity to the unit. Fuel enters the combustion zone in portions from a separate tank equipped with a valve. The latter can serve as a heating regulator.

To improve afterburning, the central tube has a large number of holes and horizontal slots. The smoke from the combustion of fuel leaves through the chimney, fixed at the outlet of the combustion chamber.

Necessary tools and materials

It is necessary to prepare in advance the container from which the case will be made. A gas bottle is best suited for this. You need to choose a copy with a volume of 50 liters.

You will also need the following materials:

1. Steel pipe Ø 100 mm with a wall thickness of at least 2 mm. It needs a chimney.
2. Metal sheet half a centimeter. With it, the combustion chamber will be separated from the evaporation zone.
3. Iron pipe Ø 100 mm with a wall thickness of 6 mm. She will go to make a burner.
4. Brake disc from the car. Its diameter must be at least 20 cm.
5. Coupling for connecting pipes.
6. Half inch ball valve
7. fuel hose.
8. Fuel storage tank.
9. Leg preparations.
10. Branch pipes.

After assembling the device, it will need to be protected from corrosion. To do this, you must additionally purchase the necessary chemistry and enamel.

As for tools, the first thing you need is a welding machine. It is best to use an inverter, as it allows you to make high-quality welds. Also useful: drill, angle grinder with a set of discs, drills, threading dies, keys, electric emery.

There will be a lot of work with metal. To speed up the work, you need to prepare a container with water to quickly cool the tools.

Assembly order

Before starting work with the cylinder, it must be completely emptied of gas residues. This is done by simply closing the valve and turning the container over to remove condensate. After flushing the balloon, you can proceed to boiler assembly:

1. 2 openings are cut in the cylinder one above the other. Between them a jumper 50 mm wide is left. The upper window is 2 times larger than the lower one.
2. Hinges and latches are welded to the edges of the pieces left after cutting the openings. These will be the opening doors.
3. From a sheet of metal with a thickness of 5 mm, a disk is cut along the diameter of the cylinder. In the center of the resulting part, a hole is made for a pipe Ø 100 mm. The disk is adjusted in place in the cylinder.
4. A piece of pipe with thick walls 200 mm long is cut off. Holes Ø12 mm are drilled in it with a step of no more than 40 mm. Moreover, perforation should occupy only half of the workpiece.
5. A previously prepared disk is welded in the center of the resulting burner. It should be placed over the holes.

1. The baffle with the burner is inserted into the cylinder and welded to the baffle between the openings.
2. The evaporator bowl is assembled from the brake disc. The holes in it are welded using a metal disc.
3. A lid is made for the bowl with a hole for the burner. A sleeve made of steel pipe is welded to its edges.
4. The body of the water jacket is welded from two sheets of metal around the cylinder. Holes are cut out in the upper and lower parts of the casing for the subsequent fastening of the water inlet and outlet pipes.
5. From above, the almost finished boiler is closed with a lid with an embedded chimney pipe.
6. A fuel tube cuts into the side wall of the cylinder at the level of the lower chamber. Its tip should be located exactly above the fuel supply window into the bowl.
7. The fuel tank is attached through a ball valve.

After completing the assembly work, you need to check the performance of the unit. It is better to do this before putting it into the heating system. To check, used oil is poured into the lower furnace through a ball valve. A little kerosene is added on top and set on fire. If everything is fine, then you can embed the boiler into the heating system.

Waste engine oil is rarely disposed of - it is used as heating oil, generating a large amount of heat for space heating. With access to this cheap type of fuel, nothing prevents you from heating your home with it. Shop boilers are expensive, so in this review you will learn how to make a waste oil boiler with a water circuit with your own hands. The procedure is complex, assembly will require metalworking skills and tools.

Advantages and disadvantages of homemade products

More or less decent mining boilers, created by eminent manufacturers, are quite expensive - from 30-40 thousand rubles, not counting the fuel tank (it is purchased separately). There are many models on the market that differ in thermal power and functionality. If there is no money to buy a factory oil boiler for a private house, people prefer homemade products.

Let's see why a do-it-yourself boiler for mining with a water circuit is so good:

• Cheapness - if you have the necessary materials at hand, it remains to spend money only on electrodes for the welding machine and on used oil.
• Stable operation - if the boiler is made according to the drawings, the combustion will be even and stable, as is implemented in factory samples.
• The possibility of making changes to the design - you are not afraid of losing the warranty, since it is not here.
• The ability to make a waste oil boiler stronger and more reliable - factory models made in recent years are distinguished by rather weak nodes. By choosing a reliable and thick metal, you can make homemade products more durable and durable;
• Ease of repair - a homemade waste oil boiler has a simple design that you are familiar with like no other.

There are also disadvantages:

• Home-made heating boilers for mining may differ in efficiency from their factory counterparts, and to a lesser extent.
• Incorrect assembly may cause accidents.
• Low level of safety - but here much depends on the experience of the assembler and compliance with safety rules.
• It is difficult to regulate the heat transfer in order to stabilize the air temperature in heated rooms.

There are drawbacks, but factory samples also have them.

The principle of operation of boilers in mining

A home-made waste oil boiler can operate according to one of two schemes:

• With the combustion of fuel in one tank and its afterburning in the second - a kind of pyrolysis scheme;
• With the ignition of heated and vaporized fuel - an extremely effective scheme.

If you set fire to used oil in any container, it will burn with a yellow, slightly smoky flame. Even if the resulting heat is taken into the heating system, it will not be enough to heat the premises. In addition, we will find a bunch of unburned and toxic components in the combustion products. Therefore, the main task of a heating boiler for liquid fuel is to ensure optimal conditions for the combustion of waste oil. The resulting heat is sent to the water circuit.

The first scheme is used in the simplest furnaces, like this one:

Combustion in this scheme is carried out with air intake through the control damper.

Here we see a tank with fuel and a control valve, an afterburner and a secondary chamber. Secondary air is supplied to the afterburner through rows of side holes. Waste oil is poured into the tank, a little kerosene is poured over it, after which ignition is performed.

The flame in the afterburner will be yellow at first, as the stove is cold. As it warms up, it will acquire a white-pink hue, a buzz will appear, characteristic of a powerful stream of flame. This means that the unit has entered the operating mode. By increasing the size of the upper chamber and supplementing it with a tubular heat exchanger, we get a simple mining furnace with a water circuit.

To consider the second scheme of a waste oil boiler, we will take the following scheme:

Scheme and principle of operation of a waste oil boiler

This is not exactly what we need, but the principle is the same. The unit shown in the figure includes several important components. The first node is the fuel tank, which provides the supply of waste oil to the boiler. The supply must be drip. Mining enters the bowl, in which the flame is ignited. As the structure warms up, the oil begins to flow into the bowl already hot, its combustion temperature increases.

Combustion is carried out in the internal volume of the furnace, limited by a metal cylinder. This is our combustion chamber - air enters it from above, and a chimney outlet is located in the upper side part. The presented drawing shows the unit with blowing, which makes its operation more efficient. There is no water jacket here, but there is a blower fan that blows air over the inner cylinder with the combustion chamber. Hot air can be sent through ducts to heated rooms.

When using air ducts, they must be carefully insulated to reduce heat loss.

A water circuit will help organize heating on waste oil with your own hands. To do this, we remove the blower fan and the hot air exhaust nozzle from the drawing, there will be no holes in their place. Instead, we weld a coil to the cylinder with a combustion chamber, which plays the role of a heat exchanger. It can be made from a pipe of suitable diameters. The ends of the pipe are brought out - the heating circuit is connected to them.

Thus, we have made an excellent waste oil furnace with a water circuit. It remains to work on increasing efficiency. To do this, we can wrap the chimney pipe with an additional heat exchanger and connect it to the main one. Now we wrap our hot water heating boiler in thermal insulation, after which we dress it in an additional building - this will help reduce heat losses.

Main scheme

Mining boilers are simple in design, but it is problematic to find normal drawings. In this regard, you will have to rely solely on your own strength and engineering ingenuity. As a basis for a waste oil boiler, you can take this diagram (we will call it the main drawing):

The unit shown in the diagram is often called a plasma unit. And all because when burning, it gives a white, blue-tinged, high-temperature flame. Waste oil burns completely, at the exit we get only a light smoke.

Our task is to retrofit the stove with a water circuit and turn it into a waste oil boiler. To do this, we need to make a water jacket (or build in a coil) according to the following scheme:

Scheme of the water jacket of our waste oil boiler.

In our case, we can make a large serpentine heat exchanger that will be located around the burner. We weld a sheet of iron around the coil, wrap heat with thermal insulation, after which we construct a decorative metal case.

Like many mining boilers, the unit we are developing will operate on liquid fuel heated directly in the supply pipe. The supply of atmospheric air is carried out from above. A forced draft fan is not needed here, but many advise not to neglect it.

The fuel flows down a thin pipe with a diameter of 10 mm into the bowl, where it evaporates and turns into a gaseous fuel. Through several slots with a diameter of 1.6 mm, it enters the burner chamber, after which it enters the combustion chamber through four rows of holes of different diameters - under the action of draft from the chimney.

If the draft is weak, the boost fan will save, which will literally force the vaporous waste oil to exit into the combustion chamber.

As soon as the boiler warms up, the steam-air mixture will begin to burn out with the formation of a white with blue flame. Most of the heat will recover into the water circuit, another part will go into the atmosphere along with the products of combustion. The main advantage of the unit is that the used oil in it burns out almost completely - no toxic emissions into the atmosphere.

Step by step assembly of the boiler

In total, the process of assembling a heating boiler using waste oil proceeds in several stages:

• Burner construction based on a pipe with a diameter of 89 mm with a pipe with a diameter of 10 mm for oil supply.
• The construction of a heat exchanger for connecting a water circuit (in the main drawing it is represented by a body) - we recommend taking the same diameter that will be used in the circuit itself.
• The construction of the housing, which is located on top of the heat exchanger;
• Chimney construction - the recommended height is at least 4-5 m.

The finished waste oil boiler is mounted on a solid foundation (concrete, tile). A tank with mining is connected to it, fuel is dosed, drop by drop, through the control valve. The heating circuit is connected to the unit, the unit is ignited through the inspection hatch. After entering the operating mode, it remains to control the temperature of the coolant.

The design of the heating system

Do not forget to supplement the heating system with an expansion tank.

For operation in conjunction with a waste oil boiler, it is recommended to use heating systems with cast iron radiators. They are connected to metal pipes of relatively large diameter. The same pipes are connected to the heat exchanger of our boiler. It is not recommended to use plastic pipes with modern small-capacity radiators - there is no automation in the boiler, there is a danger of overheating of the coolant.

The circulation in the heating system is forced. Waste oil in a homemade boiler burns at a high temperature. Therefore, there is always a risk of overheating of the coolant in the system. Forced circulation will help prevent overheating, at the same time accelerating the heating of the premises.

Open or closed heating system - this issue is decided at the discretion of the end user.

Scope of application

Heating in the garage with a working stove with a water circuit is a completely justified solution. Especially when it comes to the garage workshop. It is not difficult for the guys working here to solve problems with heating - when changing oil in cars, mining almost always remains in the garage, it is very rarely taken away. With a high traffic garage workshop, you can collect several barrels of used oil over the summer.

In addition, the oil changes year-round, so there will be no problems with fuel in the garage. And the water circuit will help to heat not only the garage, but also the adjacent workshops. Electric and gas heating is not used here - it is expensive and unprofitable, given the presence of a constant source of used oil for the operation of a home-made heating boiler.

Homemade waste oil boilers equipped with a water circuit can be used to heat residential premises. The main task of the consumer is to find access to inexpensive or completely free fuel. It is often sold in barrels, so there are no problems with the purchase. Waste oil costs 30-50% cheaper than diesel fuel - the savings are obvious.

Universal scheme

We unfairly ignored one more scheme for building a waste oil boiler - based on a burner. Here we can use a simple Babington burner, which is characterized by high efficiency and simple structure. It uses a metal ball over which mining flows. The ball itself has a hole through which air is supplied. It picks up the smallest particles of used oil, spraying it. The finished air-drop mixture is ignited and forms a steadily burning high-temperature flame.

The finished burner is connected to a universal factory boiler that can work with burners of any type. It is also mounted in conventional solid fuel metal and brick ovens. Advantages of the resulting assembly:

• The temperature can be controlled by limiting the fuel supply to the waste oil burner.
• The possibility of automating the regulation of the intensity of combustion.
• Possibility of switching to another type of fuel - for example, to pellets, to natural or liquefied gas.

Choosing a Babington burner for the construction of a homemade boiler, consumers get at their disposal a device that can work even on contaminated waste oil. The main task is to ensure the supply of air under high pressure. Usually compressors from refrigerators are used for this.

As a basis for homemade products, we choose a drawing of any heating boiler with a traditional wood burning scheme. A small illustration will help to understand the essence:

The work proceeds in several stages. The first is to assemble the Babington burner according to this scheme (or any other):

The second stage is the assembly of a suitable solid fuel stove, which will subsequently run on waste oil. When choosing a drawing and following it, in no case do not reduce the size of the combustion chamber where the burner flame breaks out - if tomorrow you do not have enough working out, you will have to freeze. And you can always throw a portion of firewood into a large combustion chamber and continue to enjoy the heat.

The third stage is the connection of individual elements. The burner is connected to the fuel tank, after which it is inserted into the boiler assembled by oneself. We start heating the oil in the tank, open the valve, turn on the compressor, ignite the fuel-air mixture, and control the operation of the water circuit.

If necessary, you can switch from waste oil to liquefied gas. To do this, a gas burner is purchased (no homemade products with gas!) And installed instead of a liquid burner. A gas bottle is connected to it. As a result, you will get a full-fledged water heating, albeit somewhat voracious.

Most likely, they will not be allowed to connect a natural gas burner to a homemade boiler - solve this issue yourself, since jokes and experiments with gas are bad.

Video

Waste oil is a petroleum product that is formed as a result of car engine. It is also the most profitable type of fuel for the heating system of a private house.

Under it, the structure is being redone in order to save on gas, electricity, etc.

Waste oil heating for a private house

Waste oil for heating was originally used together with diesel fuel. This method has proven to be effective and economical. Then they decided to reduce the cost of the product even more and removed the diesel fuel from the composition. Waste oil according to its characteristics similar to diesel fuel, but much cheaper.

Photo 1. This is what used oil looks like, which is used for heating. Dark brown liquid.

Features of use

Mining as fuel is used in a special boiler or in a furnace. Only this guarantees complete combustion of the product without the formation of a fumes. Refurbishment of the heating system or installation of a new circuit pays off in the first year use of the tool.

Types of fuel. How much heat is produced by burning one liter?

Burning one liter of such fuel gives 10-11 kW heat in 60 minutes. The pre-treated product has more power. Its burning gives 25% more heat.

Varieties used oils:

• engine oils and lubricants used in various modes of transport;
• industrial products.

Pros and cons

Fuel advantages:

• Economic benefit. Consumers save money on fuel, but businesses benefit the most. The implementation of mining eliminates the cost of storage, transportation and disposal of the product.
• Conservation of energy resources. Refusing to use gas and electricity for heating prevents the depletion of sources.
• Environmental Protection. Due to the high cost of disposal, business and vehicle owners disposed of oil by dumping it into water bodies or into the ground. This had a negative impact on the environment. With the beginning of the use of mining as a fuel, such manipulations ceased.

Fuel cons:

• represents a health hazard if the product does not burn completely;
• large dimensions of the chimney - 5 m in length;
• the difficulty of ignition;
• the plasma bowl and chimney quickly become clogged;
• the operation of the boiler leads to the combustion of oxygen and the evaporation of moisture from the air.

How is oil processed?

Mining is obtained by burning any type of oil, but they are usually used for space heating. means of oil refining from internal combustion engines.

Also from industrial mechanisms, compressors and power equipment.

What does not apply to such fuel?

List of products not related to mining:

• processed oils of vegetable and animal origin, which are used for domestic purposes;
• solid waste with mining;
• solvents;
• products that are not subject to the same processing as mining;
• oil fuel of natural origin from the spill;
• other unused petroleum products.

How to choose a heating device?

Choosing a device for a heating system depends on the size and shape of the room.

Fireproof furnaces in development, device with a water circuit

The device is functioning according to the principle of supplying the product in drops on a hot bowl or a plate of the combustion chamber. So the product ignites and heat is transferred to the walls of the furnace, and from them the air is already heated.

Furnace working at mining rarely fails. The device is easily made by hand. The unit has a small size, so it does not take up much space in the room and is easily transported. The oven is suitable for heating food on top of the device.

It is allowed to combine the furnace on the return line with water heating. For such a circuit a metal tank is placed on the source. At the bottom of the tank, the return is drained, and the supply from the structure is connected at the top.

Instead of working out It is forbidden to use any kind of flammable substances. Such elements also cannot be kept near a heat source during its operation.

Attention! The contact of oil with water is not allowed, otherwise flashing will occur. If a fire occurs, do not use water to extinguish. The flames are knocked down fire extinguisher only, which is installed near the furnace.

During the operation of the source the ventilation system must not be closed. This will cause carbon monoxide poisoning.

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Boilers in production

Photo 2. A type of mining boiler. The device is presented in yellow and red, manufacturer Thermobile.

pump conveys fuel supply to the injector. At the same time, there is injection of oxygen. Due to this, ignition and distribution of heat from the source to the radiators occurs.

For optimal ignition, you cannot do without preheating the fuel to a temperature 71°C. For this, a burner is used. Instead, they use two or three pass heat exchanger with large pipes. Any of these devices optimizes the operation of the equipment.

Diesel heating

This method of heating is used to heat suburban real estate and garages.

What does it represent?

Such heating has a similar principle of operation with a water circuit, but there are some nuances. The boiler that heats the coolant is powered by diesel fuel.

The liquid is carried through the system and returned back with circulation pump. After heating the coolant, the source stops its work, and after cooling it resumes.

Advantages and disadvantages

Advantages of diesel heating:

• automated operation of the boiler;
• independence from central heating, thanks to which the heating is turned on and off by the user at his own discretion, based on the temperature outside;
• the prevalence of fuel that can be purchased at any gas station.

Flaws:

• high cost of diesel fuel;
• high price of equipment and components.

How to make a working boiler with your own hands?

For the manufacture of the unit will require:

• sheet steel, thickness 4 mm;
• metal pipe for air vent;
• piece of reinforcement, section 8 or 10 mm in the amount of four pieces;
• welding machine;
• pump;
• compressor;
• asbestos;
• expansion tank;
• Bulgarian;
• heat resistant sealant;
• burner tees, spurs and corners;
• steel adapters.

Case assembly

Work algorithm:

• cut the pipe with a grinder up to the level of a meter cylinder;
• shorten another smaller pipe with a grinder to the level 20 cm cylinder;
• in two plates, make two holes that correspond to the diameters of the pipes;
• meter cylinder cover with plates and weld them in a circle, a plate with a large hole is fixed from below;
• weld a cylinder of small dimensions along the edges of the hole and close it with another plate;
• make holes in the pipe for ventilation;
• attach legs from below.

Photo 3. Scheme of a boiler running on waste oil. Such a device is easy to do with your own hands.

Burner installation

from sheet steel, 3 mm thick, make the burner cover so that its size matches the dimensions of the nest in the boiler. With the help of spurs and tees from the corners, make the body of the burner using a welding machine. This design will require adapters for a half fitting from two inches in order to connect the mining feed to them. Before screwing on the thread, treat it with sealant.

Take 2 steel plates- one large, the other - small, bolts, nuts and asbestos. Cover the tubes and the inner surface of the adapter with a sheet of asbestos. Fix the material on the adapter two coats with sealant, and on the tubes - with wire. Fix the burner in the nest.

Insert a small plate of steel into the socket of the housing and place the asbestos sheet rolled up in 5 layers. Drill holes for the fasteners in the other plate. Lay it on the canvas and attach both plates to each other using bolts for this.

A heating boiler using waste oil as fuel is one of the most efficient designs and is a fairly affordable device. It can be used to maintain a certain temperature in rooms of completely different functionality.

It is worth noting that the waste oil used in such a boiler has a fairly high level of productivity, and besides, its cost is low, so such a boiler will be quite economical.

Waste oil boilers have a large number of various positive characteristics:

1. This heating boiler can be completely assembled by yourself, without recourse to professional developers in this field;
2. Its design is so simple that does not require serious financial investments;
3. Waste oil is one of the cheapest types of fuel used in boiler houses;
4. There are not too many parts in standard boilers of this kind, due to which the probability of their failure is quite low.
5. The boiler does not take up much space and is a fairly compact design;
6. It can be installed even indoors, without fear of ingress of combustion products. This is due to the fact that the boiler has a closed casing;
7. It is allowed to use as fuel absolutely any used engine oil;
8. It is a very comfortable device., because due to its design unpleasant odors are not formed.

The principle of operation of the boiler

A heating boiler that runs on waste oil operates on the basis of a number of points. The installed oil deposit takes the required amount of fuel from the supply tank and transfers it to a special evaporation chamber.

In fact, it is a standard metal pipe. It is worth noting that for this purpose it is best to take a pipe with fairly thick walls so that it can withstand the highest possible temperature.

In order for the used oil to become suitable for use in the heating system, it is brought to a temperature of 40 degrees. When fuel hits the bottom of the chamber, it gradually begins to evaporate, becoming an oil vapor, which subsequently rises into the combustion chamber.

When assembling such a boiler, it must be taken into account that any system that functions due to used oil must be equipped with a heating system without fail. If we neglect such a moment, then the used oil will not become the required temperature.

This will further lead to poor ignition of the fuel, it will not be able to burn out in full. The same fact will cause the formation of a large amount of soot, from which the boiler will have to be constantly cleaned so that it does not fail.

In order for the combustion chamber to work normally, a so-called perforated air duct is added to its design, through which additional air comes in due to a special boost fan. Further, the oil vapors will mix with air and form a certain mixture that can completely burn out. As a result, the heating system will warm up to the fullest, and the combustion products will go into.

When assembling such a boiler, it must be taken into account that any system that functions due to used oil must be equipped with a heating system without fail

Do it yourself

To independently assemble a heating boiler that will use used engine oil as a fuel, you will have to use the following structural elements:

1. Boiler;
2. Pump;
3. Burner;
4. Compressor;
5. Special ;
6. Line for the inlet and outlet of the coolant from the boiler;
7. Various equipment for welding.

When assembling the structure, it is taken into account that it is imperative to make a chimney through which all combustion products will go outside the building. The ceiling will have to be protected from strong heat beforehand, so the chimney is placed in a special casing.

Be sure to take into account that the structure must be assembled in such a way that a fairly strong thrust is formed in it. It will be necessary to make a damper, which will allow you to block the draft at one moment. If there is no possibility or desire to buy a special damper for such a boiler, then they think over a system for protecting the ingress of air from outside, because in this case it will be uncontrolled.

In addition, the use of a damper prevents the room from cooling too much if the equipment is idle for a certain time, so it is still desirable to install such an element.

The self-made design is equipped with an open design burner, as a result of which oxygen is burned in the room. Its deficiency can cause carbon monoxide poisoning, so it is necessary to consider how the room will be ventilated.

The easiest way is to install a self-assembled heating boiler on a stone or on a heat-resistant tile. Sheathing it with panels made of plastics or wood is prohibited, as this can cause a fire. You can paint it with heat-resistant materials. If all the features of the technology are observed, then the output will be a reliable device that will work stably without endangering the life, health and property of people.

Detailed manufacturing instructions

Work on the independent production of a waste oil boiler begins with the direct preparation of building materials:

• First, cut off from a pipe of a larger diameter a piece about a meter high;
• From a small diameter pipe cut off about 20 cm;
• One of the steel plates is equipped with a hole, the diameter of which should be 20 cm, and a hole is sawn into the other, depending on the diameter of the chimney;
• On both sides, the cylinder is closed with these plates and welding. Do this so that there is a plate with a hole of a larger diameter at the bottom;
• Then a small cylinder is welded, the bottom of which is also brewed using a plate;
• Fix on the body of the legs of the reinforcement and make ventilation holes.

The result is a cylindrical structure, in the lower part of which there is a small reservoir. A door is cut through from below, and the system is connected to the chimney from above. To turn on the boiler, open the door, pour used oil into the tank and set it on fire. This is the most elementary design of the furnace, especially since you can often find products that are much more complicated.

A standard waste oil boiler usually looks like two boxes made of fairly strong steel. They are located one above the other and connected with a perforated pipe. A hole for filling oil is cut in the lower case, and the second metal box is connected to the chimney.

It is very easy to make a similar design more perfect: connect a supply tank with used oil, a pump for its supply, a water circuit, a compressor, and so on.

A standard waste oil boiler usually looks like two boxes made of fairly strong steel.

Providing drip fuel supply

This issue is one of the most difficult when assembling a heating boiler that runs on waste oil. The fact is that solid impurities contained in the oil do not affect the operation of the burner, however, the drip mechanism may fail due to them.

In order to get rid of such a problem, you can put an oil filter from an old car at the end of the intake hose. With its help, it is possible to achieve complete oil filtration. However, it should be remembered that when installing such a part, the filter element will have to be changed on average once a month.

Features of the production of a water boiler in development

The water circuit involves the installation of pipelines and radiators. The most effective is the installation of a steel pipe, the diameter of which should be 43 mm, through which the connection is made. They are passed either under the finishing floor or along the walls.

Assembling a waste oil boiler involves installing an expansion tank. In its quality, a small container with rather thick walls is suitable. It is attached to the top of the boiler and connected to it by welding or bolting.

A small hole is cut in the upper part through which hot water will go into the heating system. A pipe is also welded in the lower part, through which the cooled water will return to the boiler for further heating.

Operating rules

When using a heating boiler that runs on waste oil, certain rules must be observed. Otherwise, gas contamination of the room or even fire may occur.

The basic rules for using the boiler are as follows:

• The operating device is prohibited. leave unattended;
• When the boiler is on, fuel cannot be added to it;
• In a boiler of this design, only used oil can be burned., it is not adapted for the use of other types of fuel;
• Care must be taken to ensure that water does not fall on the surface of the hot boiler., otherwise, due to a sharp cooling, it may simply burst;
• A working boiler has a burner opening should always be open;
• Combustible and flammable substances it is strictly forbidden to keep near the boiler;
• When the boiler is turned on, the damper is not closed otherwise all the carbon monoxide will go into the room.

When the boiler is in operation, the burner opening must always be open.

Disadvantages of mining boilers

The main disadvantage of such a device is that its reaction to shutting off the air supply to the furnace will not be instantaneous. Consequently, the combustion process will not stop immediately, but after a certain period of time, during which the heating of the coolant will continue. When the flame finally goes out, it will need to be rekindled. This is done manually, unless the design provides for any other approach.

Another drawback of the mining boiler is its contamination compared to other heating appliances. This is primarily due to the fuel used. If the structure is assembled correctly, then an unpleasant odor will not come from it. If the technology is violated, such a smell will penetrate into the room to one degree or another.

Another, no less significant, disadvantage of such boilers compared to other designs is the need to purify the fuel from various solid impurities, which may include pieces of metal or metal shavings. If you do not establish a filtration system, then the device will fail after a certain time, and it will be very problematic to return it to working condition.

• Before pouring oil into the structure, it is advisable to first defend the mass so that neither water nor any other substances remain in this material. If this is not done, then during operation the device may simply turn off or its operation will become unstable;
• When using such a system in the room where it is installed, there must be an acid-type fire extinguisher without fail. This is due to the fact that if water or a similar liquid enters the surface of the structure, a fire or explosion may occur.