When deciding to install a waste oil heater, it should be remembered that it is suitable for heating garages, greenhouses, sheds and other premises, except for residential ones. Also, a steam generator used for industrial and construction purposes can also operate on waste oil.

The need for heating small rooms arises quite often. Owners of garages or sheds, greenhouse structures or greenhouses try to equip the room with a heater with the lowest fuel costs as profitably as possible. Recently, boilers for heating, which use waste oil as fuel, are gaining popularity.

This fuel is in abundance among car owners and its use causes minimal harm to the environment.

An oil boiler can be assembled with your own hands from an old potbelly stove or you can purchase a design that is completely ready for operation.

Among the purchased boilers are:

• The double-turn boiler "TeploTerm" is a reliable, economical and easy-to-manage waste oil boiler. The higher the power and the larger the capacity of the water jacket, the greater the consumption of liquid fuel.
• The GeKKon boiler, a product of Kurlykov, does not require pre-cleaning and heating of the oil. In addition to oils, it also allows the processing of brake fluid.
• Hot water boiler at the Mustang mine - this furnace can be used both for industrial and domestic purposes.

Autonomous heating on waste oil is potentially dangerous, therefore, when assembling the structure and operating it on your own, you should follow the safety rules. All stages of work should be carried out slowly and according to the instructions, even the smallest mistake can lead to undesirable consequences.

Working out boiler: principle of operation

The calorific value of used engine oil is higher than that of pure diesel fuel. This nuance must be taken into account if you are making a heating boiler for testing on your own.

The principle of operation of the boiler is quite simple. The oil pump sends the waste oil through a hose straight to the evaporation chamber. This element of the boiler is made of durable metal that can withstand high temperatures. At the same time, at the very bottom, the oil evaporates. Oil vapors mix with the air inside and heat up the water jacket. This mixture enters the combustion chamber, where it burns completely and heats the coolant. The products of combustion themselves enter the chimney and are brought out.

Operating rules:

• Do not leave working devices unattended for a long time;
• In addition to oil, do not burn other materials in the boiler - this can damage the unit;
• Make sure that water does not get inside the boiler, especially on its hot areas;
• Do not cover the burner;
• Do not add oil to the boiler during operation.

Experts warn that the constant operation of the boiler at full power can lead to a malfunction of the unit or its rapid breakdown.

Waste oil boilers: advantages and disadvantages

Waste oil boilers are very easy to use and require very little installation and fueling of the boiler.

When using a boiler, you can solve the main problem - heating the room and at the same time dispose of the used oil.

There are many advantages of a mining boiler, which makes it very attractive for owners of garages, greenhouses and other premises that need heating.

Advantages of a heating boiler:

• For refueling, very cheap fuel is used, oil is synthetic, mineral, transmission. You can also use their mixture in any proportions.
• Fuel burns almost completely, leaving no waste. This boiler can be considered environmentally friendly.
• The cost of the boiler is low, it pays off in one season of using the device.
• The ability to assemble the boiler yourself from inexpensive parts.
• Ease of boiler assembly. At the same time, it consists of a small number of parts, which reduces the risk of structural failure.
• The room warms up quite quickly and there is the possibility of constant heating in case of a decrease in the temperature in the room.

The household heating boiler is very easy to use and does not require special skills to assemble and install the boiler for testing. You can connect water to it and create a water heating system.

It has a boiler and its disadvantages:

• High requirements for fire safety. There must be a fire extinguisher in the room where the boiler is located in case of fire.
• The boiler room where the appliance is located must be well ventilated. During the operation of the boiler, oxygen in the room burns out strongly, so access to fresh air is required.
• To ensure the normal operation of the boiler, you need to clean it quite often.
• Special filters are used to clean the oil from various impurities.

When installing the boiler, do not forget about the presence of a chimney at least 4 meters long, which requires periodic cleaning. Proper operation and proper care will allow you to use the boiler for mining for a long time.

Waste oil heating boilers: unit device

In order for the mining boiler to function, there must be a fuel tank next to it. According to fire safety, stocks of used oil must be located at a distance of at least 20 m from a working boiler. In this case, it is necessary to solve the problem of supplying oil to the boiler.

Of particular difficulty is the transfer of fuel in winter, when the oil becomes more viscous.

Before self-assembly of the unit, it is necessary to prepare drawings indicating all the constituent parts.

The mining boiler contains the following parts:

• Boiler body - a cylindrical tank made of metal, ideally from a cylinder, inside which the elements of the boiler are assembled;
• The burner is an indispensable part of the device, where oil accumulates, heated to a high temperature;
• Thermostat;
• Oil pump - helps the oil reach the combustion chamber;
• Fuel filters - filter oil from various impurities;
• Circulation pump - maintains a certain fluid pressure in the heating system;
• Compressor - helps air get into the secondary combustion chamber.

It is important to install a chimney through which the smoke generated during the combustion of oil will exit.

How to make a waste oil boiler with your own hands

The simplest example is a boiler consisting of two pipes, possibly of different diameters, interconnected by a pipe with holes around the entire perimeter. The downpipe is the container into which the fuel is supplied. The top pipe is a chamber for the heat exchanger. There we place compactly laid pipes in order to transfer maximum heat to the water that will run through them. Between them is placed a pipe with holes arbitrarily drilled in it - this is a combustion chamber.

The most common oil boiler for heating can be made from a simple cylinder.

For work, you will need a grinder with a circle for metal, a welding machine, a puncher, a hammer, rivets, a sledgehammer, and most importantly, a structure assembly scheme.

Progress:

1. Cut off the bottom of the bottle so that you get a small container. From above, cover this container with a sheet of iron with a thickness of at least 3 mm with a hole for the future combustion chamber.
2. Also cut off the upper part of the cylinder with a grinder so that just a pipe remains. We place and fix the heat exchanger in it and output the supply and return outside the boiler.
3. We install the top cover back, adapting the fasteners for it. It is desirable that everything be as tight as possible.
4. In the upper part of the cover we make a hole for the air duct, with a diameter of at least 100 mm. In the same place we attach a shutter.
5. We supply fuel to the fuel tank, it can be either upper or lower. The top feed will be more reliable as it can be adjusted. The lower method is that the oil will need to be forced through, this can be done due to the usual runoff from the tank due to the submersible oil pump.

The heating system must be assembled before all water pipes are connected. Additionally, a fan and a hole for the exit of warm air can be embedded. The fan is best placed just above the combustion chamber.

All parts are assembled together, legs are welded and preferably fastened to the wall. The place must be heat resistant. The hole for the chimney should also be made of non-combustible materials around.

The principle of operation of the boiler on waste oil (video)

When self-assembling, you must strictly adhere to the rules for operating the heating boiler. It should be clear to everyone that children should not be allowed near a working boiler and flammable objects should not be left near the structure.

Different types of waste oils have long been used to heat buildings, most often industrial ones. Usually, home-made stoves are used as an energy source, directly heating the air in the room. But life does not stand still, obtaining thermal energy from mining is becoming relevant for heating private houses. In this regard, factory-made heat sources appeared, as well as home-made boilers using waste oil.

Scheme of operation of the boiler at the working out

The principle of operation and the advantages of homemade boilers

To heat a room or an entire building using the thermal energy of burning old oils, boilers of this type operate on a principle that is vaguely reminiscent of pyrolysis. The fuel at the bottom of the chamber is first heated until combustible vapors appear. They rise up, mix with air and burn, releasing heat. It is transferred directly to the water jacket of the unit through the walls of the chamber. To understand the process, a diagram of a waste oil boiler is shown below.

Boiler device

1 - top cover; 2 - control cabinet; 3 - power supply; 4 - fan; 5 - pump; 6 - fuel tank; 7 - oil processing; 8 - sump; 9 - tap for emptying; 10 - oil pipeline; 11 - door for ignition and maintenance; 12, 16 - respectively, the supply and return pipelines, the heating system is connected to them; 13 - pipe for supplying air to the combustion zone; 14 - water jacket; 15 - flame tubes; 17 - combustion chamber; 18 - condensate collector; 19 - damper - draft regulator; 20 - chimney.

To understand whether it is worth doing this business, or is it better to just buy a factory-made boiler, you need to analyze what advantages home-made units have. They are pretty significant:

1. Low cost. Even if you entrust the work to experienced craftsmen, pay for it and buy all the materials, then a home-made boiler for testing will cost you half as much as a factory one.
2. You can burn any kind of used oils, and if necessary, diesel fuel.
3. There is always the possibility of improving the design or supplementing it with automation tools.
4. Since the use of waste oil as fuel involves a small amount of ash after combustion, maintenance of the heat source will not take much time.
5. A well-assembled unit with a set of automation during operation does not require constant attention and frequent visits to the furnace, you just need to fill the tank with fuel in time.

Among the shortcomings, some inertia can be distinguished, it lies in the fact that after the air supply to the combustion zone is stopped, the process does not stop immediately, this requires some time, during which the coolant continues to warm up. Further, after the flame has faded, the mining boilers will need to be ignited manually, unless a special device is provided for this.

Home-made boilers for heating on the development of an improved design are endowed with the “idle” function, when very little air is supplied to the chamber. This is done in order to maintain a small flame when intensive heating of the coolant is not required. After it cools down, the air supply resumes and the heat generator enters the operating mode.

When you decide to make heating work out, you need to understand that the furnace will not be as clean as when using gas or electricity. This is an inevitable attribute of the use of spent fuel, as well as the presence of a specific smell. In addition, it will be necessary to organize oil filtration from metal chips and other solid inclusions so that they do not clog the fuel path.

Work instructions

What does the finished boiler look like?

A boiler that burns waste oil differs from a furnace in that it does not allow the lion's share of heat to fly into the pipe and heats the water in the heating system, not the air. Another thing is how it is implemented in the design of the unit. With factory heat generators, everything is clear, they are produced on the basis of calculations and developments that are performed by entire teams of specially hired people. As for the manufacture of a home-made boiler for testing, this is the result of the work and creative thought of several people, and as practice shows, the result is very successful.

A variant of a heating device without a water jacket: the scheme and principle of operation of the stove in working out

Let's take advantage of these results and take a closer look at how to make a mining boiler with your own hands. To do this, you will need tools and fixtures:

• DC manual arc welding machine (inverter);
• angle grinder with cutting wheels for metal;
• electric drill;
• a hammer, a set of keys and other locksmith tools available in each individual household.

As you can see from the list, two skills are required from you: plumbing and welding. Especially in the manufacture of a home-made boiler for testing the ability to perform high-quality and tight welding seams is important. If this is not certain, then it is worth inviting a professional electric welder to help.

Now you should pick up materials for a homemade boiler. Usually, in order not to puzzle over the manufacture of the body of the future heat generator, they take two vessels or two pipes of different diameters, so that when one is inserted into the other, there is a gap of 3-4 cm between them for a water jacket. Since the operation of the boiler is associated with high temperatures, the wall thickness of the pipes must be at least 4 mm, and preferably 6 mm.

Advice. For the inner body of the firebox, propane or oxygen cylinders are often taken.

To assemble a homemade waste oil boiler, you first need to cut the pipes to the required length, which is also the height of the unit. Additionally, you will need pipes of smaller diameters for nozzles, air supply and heat exchanger, as well as sheet metal with a thickness of at least 4 mm to make a round door and covers. Of the additional equipment, you will need to purchase an oil pump, an air blower and an automation kit with sensors. When everything is ready, you can start assembling by studying the drawings of the waste oil boiler.

schematic drawing

Shown here is a basic version of a do-it-yourself boiler. Next, you need to make a water jacket with a fire tube heat exchanger, as shown in the photo below.

The next stage is the installation of an electric fan and an automation kit that will control the temperature of the coolant, controlling the performance of the air blower and oil pump. This is followed by testing and installation of the boiler in the furnace.

Advice. Before filling the system with water and the tank with fuel, it is recommended to check the quality of the welds for permeability using generally accepted methods.

Conclusion

Used engine oils are an alternative source of energy for heating your home, especially when other sources of energy are expensive and unavailable. But often homeowners do not have the opportunity to purchase the necessary equipment due to its high cost. At the same time, well-made home-made heating boilers function no worse than factory ones and therefore deserve attention. The work of one of these boilers can be seen by watching the video.

A heating boiler is more efficient than a stove and more convenient to use, because through the radiator network it heats the whole house, and not 2-3 rooms. The second positive point: the waste oil heat generator is taken out to a separate furnace room, along with all the unpleasant odors that accompany this type of heating. We propose to consider step by step how to make a boiler for working out with your own hands from a gas cylinder or a steel pipe.

Design and drawings of the heater

Masters involved in the manufacture of waste oil boilers use 3 methods of burning waste in practice:

• surface combustion with pyrolysis afterburning in a perforated pipe and secondary chamber;
• the use of Babington burners and other improvised designs;
• combustion in a flame bowl, fuel supply is organized by the drip method, air is forced in.

Methods for burning used oils in homemade heaters - pyrolysis combustion, flame bowl, Babington burner

The first option is implemented in the famous garage stove, consisting of 2 chambers connected by a vertical perforated pipe. We described the second method in detail - a Babington burner is made and built into the body of a steel boiler that previously worked on wood.

We propose to stop at the third option - a dropper furnace, converting it into a two-turn (correct name - two-way) water boiler. The drawing below shows the basic version of this stove, made from a pipe Ø219 mm. Why is it recommended for beginners to take as a basis the drip principle of operation of the heating unit:

1. The device of oil burners is quite complicated. Assembly requires some experience and financial investment (for example, for Babington you will have to buy a compressor).
2. Surface burning heaters are fire hazardous (they shoot with a flame when water gets into the fuel). Equipping a miracle stove with a water jacket is not an easy task.
3. Fuel consumption during surface combustion is prohibitive - up to 2 liters of mining in 1 hour.
4. According to reviews on the forums, droppers are reliable and able to work without automation (although the owner will have to devote some time to the boiler to get used to manual control). The unit is relatively easy to manufacture.

Drop furnace - a prototype of a two-pass hot water boiler for burning liquid fuels

Note. How to independently make a drip stove in waste oil, we examined in detail in. If you are interested in other types of homemade liquid fuel heaters, go to the authoritative thematic forum termoportal.ru.

Scheme of a liquid fuel boiler

The dropper scheme presented in the drawing needs to be redone, since together with the fire-tube heat exchanger the structure will not fit inside the gas cylinder - you will have to look for a large pipe with a diameter of 400 mm. The dimensions of the heat generator can be reduced without loss of power (15-20 kW) as follows:

• make an afterburner from a DN40 pipe by changing the number and diameter of the holes (more precisely indicated on the drawing);
• for the combustion chamber, take a pipe DN150;
• weld a water jacket from two propane gas cylinders;
• heat exchanger - at least 8 flame tubes Ø32 mm;
• bowl size - according to the combustion chamber (DN150);
• height from the edge of the afterburner to the bottom of the bowl - 6.5-7 cm.

How a double-turn boiler operating on waste oil is arranged is shown in the drawing. The difference from a simple dropper lies in the fire-tube heat exchanger located between the walls of the combustion chamber and the outer skin. Accordingly, the chimney pipe has moved to the lower area of ​​the housing.

For reference. The boiler is called a two-pass boiler, since the combustion products make 2 turns through the pipes and change direction twice before leaving the chimney. There are also three-way versions of heat generators with an upper chimney.

The principle of operation of the unit

This section is intended for beginners who have not previously had to deal with liquid fuel heating equipment - mining or diesel fuel. The boiler shown in the drawing works according to the following scheme:

Depending on the quality of the fuel and the mode of operation, the heat generator is cleaned once every 3-7 days. The bulk of the soot accumulates in the bowl, which is easily removed through a special hatch. One of the craftsmen will tell you how a do-it-yourself drip boiler on waste oil functions in the next video:

We make a heat generator from a cylinder

First of all, prepare gas cylinders for welding - remove the spherical parts (do not forget to fill it with water beforehand!) And cut one vessel to size so that together they make up a body of the required height (1 m).

We turn the valve with a pipe and wrench. If it doesn’t work, then file it and carefully beat it with a hammer

Prepare the rest of the materials, considering the following recommendations:

• the combustion chamber and the flame bowl are best made of stainless steel 1.5-3 mm thick (for example, grade 12X18H12T);
• if it was not possible to find a stainless steel, use black steel grade St3 - St20 from 4 mm thick;
• pick up a stainless steel waste oil supply pipe;
• the thickness of the walls of the flame tubes is not less than 3.5 mm;
• to seal the top cover, select a steel strip 40 x 4 mm (rim) and an asbestos cord;
• prepare sheet metal 3 mm for the manufacture of an inspection hatch;
• on the heat exchanger, take pipes with a wall thickness of at least 4 mm.

Manufacturing options for bowls installed on the bottom of the heating unit

Advice. Masters usually use the “snail” of the VAZ 2108 cabin heater as a supercharger, but this is not a panacea. Take any similar fan - anyway, its performance will have to be adjusted in order to increase or decrease the boiler power.

The manufacturing process of a two-way boiler for mining looks like this:

1. Cut the Ø32mm flame tubes to size and weld the heat exchanger using one cylinder as the outer jacket and the Ø150mm tube as the combustion chamber walls.
   
2. Attach the inlet pipes of the water heating system to the heat exchanger.
3. In the second cylinder, cut holes for the inspection hatch and the chimney. Weld on a Ø114 mm fitting and make a neck with a cover from sheet steel.
4. Weld both tanks into one body. From above, make a shell from an iron strip - it will serve as a seal for the lid. Fill the gap between the edges with asbestos cord.
5. Make an afterburner according to the drawing. Make holes in the hemispherical cover (in the past - the end of the cylinder) for the viewing window and the installation of the afterburner (in the center).
6. Equip the lid with handles and a shutter on the window. The afterburner pipe may be welded to it tightly or screwed with bolts sealed with an asbestos cord.

From the lower end, the perforated pipe is closed with a plug, where 4 holes are made - one in the middle, the remaining three - radially. An oil pipe is led into the central hole and scalded. The last step is the manufacture of a fiery bowl of the boiler, where the waste oil will burn.

The lower (end) part of the afterburner with 3 holes Ø4 mm

Recommendation. If you want to make a mining boiler plant with a water circuit that provides hot water, do not rush to push the coil inside the heat exchanger. There is a simpler solution: weld 2 additional pipes to the water jacket and connect them to the indirect heating tank through the circulation pump. The second option is to install a samovar-type heat exchanger on the chimney.

Upon completion of the assembly, weld an elbow with a flange to the afterburner pipe and install the “snail”. To ensure that the outer metal wall of the water jacket does not lose heat in vain and does not heat the boiler room, insulate the body from non-combustible basalt wool. The simplest way is to wind the insulation with twine, and then wrap it with thin-sheet painted metal.

The outer casing of the heat generator can be made rectangular

More clearly, the manufacturing process of a liquid fuel boiler is demonstrated in the following video:

The installation of a boiler using used oil is practically the same as the installation of other types of heaters. There is one advantage: due to the presence of turbocharging and smokeless combustion of liquid fuel, it is not necessary to lift the chimney up to 6-7 meters. It is enough to remove the chimney head from the wind backwater zone and raise it to a height of 4 m.

Regarding the correct installation, we will give the following recommendations:

1. The boiler and steel chimneys not protected by insulation are located at a distance of 0.5 m from combustible walls and other elements of a wooden house. The minimum distance from fireproof structures is 100 mm.
2. Pass through the outer wall and the entire outer section of the flue with an insulated pipe - a sandwich, otherwise there will be a lot of condensate and soot. It is described in detail in a separate article.
3. Be sure to install a safety group on the heating supply line.
4. Arrange a good hood in the furnace to remove odors. Air intake for combustion can be provided from the street.
5. Equip the supercharger with a speed regulator, and the oil line with a valve. This will allow you to control the power of the heat generator manually. Do not confuse the control valve with a conventional faucet; valves are placed on pipelines in any case.
6. Make a primitive automatic emergency stop - put on the supply thermostat that turns off the fan and oil pump in case of overheating of the coolant.

Installation option for a heat generator with a lower flue connection

If mining is supplied by gravity, then for the sake of safety it is advisable to put an electric shut-off valve on the fuel line. One subtlety: after an emergency shutdown, the boiler will not start on its own, you will have to kindle the oil manually or make automatic ignition.

It is highly desirable to insure the operation of the boiler in case of a power outage. A car fan, designed for a voltage of 12 volts, can be powered from a conventional battery, the rest of the equipment - pumps, thermostats - uninterruptible power supply.

The supply of waste oil to the combustion chamber of the boiler is easiest to organize by gravity - from a container suspended from the wall. But such a system must be constantly monitored, plus as it is emptied, the interval between drops increases, and the intensity of combustion decreases.

Hence the recommendation: after the initial test of the double-turn boiler during mining, purchase a pump from a Ural motorcycle (or similar) and install it in a barrel of fuel. How to do this, see the last video.

Liquid fuel stoves began to be widely used at the beginning of the last century. At first they appeared in industry, but in the 60s they began to be used in everyday life. A striking representative of such equipment is a waste oil boiler with a water circuit.

The rapid growth of its popularity in those years is due to the availability of petroleum products. People could buy them very cheaply or get them for free.

A waste oil boiler is a good and cheap way to heat a garage

Operating principle

Engine oils that have served their time are called working off. They are a source of environmental pollution and do not burn well. This is explained by the inability of oxygen to oxidize the entire set of chemical elements that make up the composition. But if it is possible to split mining into simple components, then it turns into energy-efficient fuel.

The method of separating used oil in science has been used for a long time - it is pyrolysis. With this process, combustible substances can be separated from any type of fuel: wood, coal and oil. This process is simple and does not require additional financial costs.

The main advantage of pyrolysis is that when burning fuel, it supports itself and even regulates. A person does not even need to intervene in this process.

Oil purification methods

To start the decomposition of the energy carrier into simple components, it only needs to be heated to a temperature of 400 ° C. The required temperature indicators are achieved in 2 ways. The first method involves igniting fuel in a special container.

During combustion, the fuel begins to evaporate. The resulting Coriolis force allows you to create a flammable gas-air mixture. But this is only possible if all the parameters of the furnace are carefully calculated.

Particular attention should be paid characteristics of the combustion chamber. It must have a certain diameter and height. Numerous holes are made in its walls. Through them, the rising fuel vapors are saturated with oxygen. In the upper part of the chamber there is a trap that slows down the speed of gas movement and separates the afterburning zone, in which complex chemical compounds break down into harmless components.

This method is very simple and reliable, but it cannot be called safe. To ensure safety, it is necessary to significantly complicate the design of the furnace.

In the second method, the pyrolysis and afterburning zone is formed directly in the burner flame.

The latter must have a certain configuration and provide a stepwise formation of a combustible mixture.

Such a device is more complex, since a compressor is required for its operation. It provides the fuel with initial movement.

And the vapors are formed due to the operation of the burner. The same process can be seen in a blowtorch.

Homemade designs

Homemade mining boilers with a water circuit have a similar principle of operation, but they function somewhat differently. They don't have a burner. Its role is played by a container heated to high temperatures. Drops of oil, falling on it, instantly evaporate, and the vapors ignite. This is not pure pyrolysis, since during microexplosions, when fuel collides with a hot surface, additional energy is released from the decay of molecules.

The simplest working furnace works as follows:

1. The bottom container is in the form of a bowl.
2. The upper chamber afterburning enriched mixture.
3. Perforated metal pipe with perforation for enrichment of vapors with oxygen.

Gasoline is used to ignite the fuel in the lower chamber. After the start of combustion, the oil evaporates intensively. Vapors rise up the pipe, enrich and burn in the upper chamber. At the same time, the temperature at the bottom rarely exceeds 350 ° C, and at the top 900 ° C. If oil is added to the lower bowl manually, then a hole is made in its lid to allow fuel to be poured. For automatic feeding, connect a pipe leading to the fuel tank.

The working furnace has the following advantages:

1. Versatility. It can be used in any enclosed space.
2. Possibility to make your own.
3. Inexpensive fuel.
4. High heating rate.
5. Compact dimensions.

This system has only 2 drawbacks.

The first is the rapid contamination of the chimney. It will need to be cleaned regularly. The second drawback is expressed in the noise. When burning an air-oil sweep, a hum is heard.

Furnace types

Waste boilers are used in a wide variety of applications. Given this, household stoves, water heating and heating can be distinguished. They differ not only in design, but also in size.

Domestic boilers are usually installed in rooms that cannot be heated with water heating. These units have a minimum fuel consumption. Their design is such that the oil in them burns to the end.

Household appliances practically do not smoke. But despite this, they are equipped with additional filters, which allows you to increase the level of security.

Such units are loved primarily for their excellent mobility. An adult man can easily move a small stove to the right place. At the same time, it will not take up much space in the room.

Household furnaces for mining are easily modified. If necessary, a small water circuit can be connected to it, and it can better heat the room or provide the home with hot water. If you install a special metal platform on it, then you can cook food.

For water heating

Water-heating boilers in the upper part have a platform for fixing a metal container with water. The latter usually has a toroidal shape, which ensures more uniform heating of the coolant. In order for such a device to work effectively, a water pump is connected to the boiler.

The high combustion temperature of the air-oil mixture in the upper chamber provides a higher heating rate than in factory-made boilers. Waste oil water boiler heats water up to 60°C twice as fast. And the cost of heating is reduced by 20 times compared to electric boilers.

Heating appliances

Heating boilers are initially created for inclusion in the water heating system. Here, special attention is paid to security systems. Furnaces are equipped with additional afterburning and filtration devices.

Despite the high level of safety, oil-fired boilers should be placed in specially equipped rooms.

Heating of the coolant is provided by a heat exchanger installed in the upper combustion chamber. It may take the form of a tubular contour or a steel jacket covering the combustion zone. The movement of fluid in the system is provided by an electric pump.

The heating temperature can be adjusted by reducing the flame in the combustion chamber. This adjustment is achieved by installing a small turbine that pumps air into the furnace.

This process can be automated - for this you just need to install a thermostat.

Making a boiler with your own hands

Any solid fuel or gas furnace can be converted to liquid fuel. But for self-production, it is better to choose a drawing of a boiler for mining with a water circuit with a flame bowl.

The home-made boiler is small in size, but at the same time provides 15 kW of thermal power. In an hour, he consumes no more than 1.5 liters of mining per hour. Air is forced into the combustion chamber using a small turbine, so you will need to take care of supplying electricity to the unit. Fuel enters the combustion zone in portions from a separate tank equipped with a valve. The latter can serve as a heating regulator.

To improve afterburning, the central tube has a large number of holes and horizontal slots. The smoke from the combustion of fuel leaves through the chimney, fixed at the outlet of the combustion chamber.

Necessary tools and materials

It is necessary to prepare in advance the container from which the case will be made. A gas bottle is best suited for this. You need to choose a copy with a volume of 50 liters.

You will also need the following materials:

1. Steel pipe Ø 100 mm with a wall thickness of at least 2 mm. It needs a chimney.
2. Metal sheet half a centimeter. With it, the combustion chamber will be separated from the evaporation zone.
3. Iron pipe Ø 100 mm with a wall thickness of 6 mm. She will go to make a burner.
4. Brake disc from the car. Its diameter must be at least 20 cm.
5. Coupling for connecting pipes.
6. Half inch ball valve
7. fuel hose.
8. Fuel storage tank.
9. Leg preparations.
10. Branch pipes.

After assembling the device, it will need to be protected from corrosion. To do this, you must additionally purchase the necessary chemistry and enamel.

As for tools, the first thing you need is a welding machine. It is best to use an inverter, as it allows you to make high-quality welds. Also useful: drill, angle grinder with a set of discs, drills, threading dies, keys, electric emery.

There will be a lot of work with metal. To speed up the work, you need to prepare a container with water to quickly cool the tools.

Assembly order

Before starting work with the cylinder, it must be completely emptied of gas residues. This is done by simply closing the valve and turning the container over to remove condensate. After flushing the balloon, you can proceed to boiler assembly:

1. 2 openings are cut in the cylinder one above the other. Between them a jumper 50 mm wide is left. The upper window is 2 times larger than the lower one.
2. Hinges and latches are welded to the edges of the pieces left after cutting the openings. These will be the opening doors.
3. From a sheet of metal with a thickness of 5 mm, a disk is cut along the diameter of the cylinder. In the center of the resulting part, a hole is made for a pipe Ø 100 mm. The disk is adjusted in place in the cylinder.
4. A piece of pipe with thick walls 200 mm long is cut off. Holes Ø12 mm are drilled in it with a step of no more than 40 mm. Moreover, perforation should occupy only half of the workpiece.
5. A previously prepared disk is welded in the center of the resulting burner. It should be placed over the holes.

Create a boiler with your own hands

1. The baffle with the burner is inserted into the cylinder and welded to the baffle between the openings.
2. The evaporator bowl is assembled from the brake disc. The holes in it are welded using a metal disc.
3. A lid is made for the bowl with a hole for the burner. A sleeve made of steel pipe is welded to its edges.
4. The body of the water jacket is welded from two sheets of metal around the cylinder. Holes are cut out in the upper and lower parts of the casing for the subsequent fastening of the water inlet and outlet pipes.
5. From above, the almost finished boiler is closed with a lid with an embedded chimney pipe.
6. A fuel tube cuts into the side wall of the cylinder at the level of the lower chamber. Its tip should be located exactly above the fuel supply window into the bowl.
7. The fuel tank is attached through a ball valve.

After completing the assembly work, you need to check the performance of the unit. It is better to do this before putting it into the heating system. To check, used oil is poured into the lower furnace through a ball valve. A little kerosene is added on top and set on fire. If everything is fine, then you can embed the boiler into the heating system.