In the modern furniture industry, the choice of coffee tables is striking in its grandeur and diversity. Only now, they all have one feature, the height of the coffee tables is small 40-50 cm. However, the lower the table, the larger it is, and vice versa, the higher the table, the smaller the tabletop area.

In the 21st century, this rule is not always respected. Some models can be slightly above the floor, while others can turn into a chic guest table in a few actions.

What are the types of coffee tables?

To understand which table to choose for yourself, you need to clearly define the functions that it will perform. A coffee table is a universal item, it will find a place in any room.

The coffee table will become an indispensable attribute in the hallway, because you can store keys, phone, newspapers and other trifles on it. Being in the living room, the table will not only be part of the interior, but will also serve as a laptop stand, it will become more convenient to drink tea by placing a mug on it. It will be a comfortable bedside table in the bedroom. The nursery will become an exhibition center for your child's crafts.

For a country house or cottage, it is better to choose wicker tables made of willow or rattan. Glass or metal models will look stylish in an apartment or work office.

Design

For those who like to keep up with the times, high-tech models are suitable. Such tables can look like some kind of cosmic or even fantastic object in shape, having illuminated elements.

Classic models of coffee tables are able to surprise the imagination with a variety of materials and unusual finishes. These tables can be decorated with Florentine mosaics, stone or various wooden elements.

Look for not only a stylish, but also a practical table, then you should take a closer look at models with several levels.

If you want something versatile, then you need a table as part of an armchair or sofa. Such functional models usually have a hidden countertop, but if necessary, it can be pulled out.

For small apartments, with a small area, transformable models are suitable. They can be folding and rotating, having an electric drive or a mechanical lever for tilting the tabletop. In glass tables, the transformation mechanism is visible and is made as a decorative element.

materials

Natural wood or stone - this option will be the most expensive and durable. Such a coffee table will perfectly fit into the style of country, classic and retro. It is important to know that a wooden table does not perceive temperature changes, does not like dampness and requires special care.

Glass and metal are more economical options for a coffee table. In addition, glass furniture in the interior may seem weightless and allow the room to “breathe”. The tabletop is made of high-strength glass and to break it, you have to try hard. When, like a metal table, it is bulky and has a lot of weight, which is not suitable for every design.

A cork table looks no less beautiful and is highly environmentally friendly and durable, besides it is not afraid of moisture.

The coffee table does not take up much space and it will undoubtedly emphasize the interior.

A dining table is an important piece of furniture for any home. Behind him you will gather guests and all household members. Therefore, the choice must be approached carefully.

Types of dining tables

Conditionally classified according to several parameters.

By resizing:

• folding;
• not folding.

The first type is designed in such a way that, if necessary, it is possible to change the dimensions of the working surface. The second type is with a solid countertop. The group of folding tables also includes transformers that turn from coffee tables into dining tables.

They are popular with owners of small apartments. They are also preferred for use in offices with a small staff.

Geometrically:

• round;
• square;
• rectangular;
• oval;
• custom made to order.

According to the materials used:

• wooden;
• glass;
• chipboard;
• plastic;
• rattan;
• stone;
• ceramics.

Such a variety of materials complicates the task for the buyer. When buying, both the interior design and the conditions in which use is expected are taken into account.

It can be furniture for indoor or outdoor use, for every day or only for special occasions.

Dining table types

If non-folding furniture has a constant size, then products with the possibility of increasing the table top have the following transformation options:

• book;
• sliding;
• with sliding sections;
• transformer.

The first two are familiar to buyers. Classic book and sliding with inserts. "Book" when folded is used as a curbstone. If necessary, one or both of the folded parts are lifted and placed on retractable supports.

The sliding option can have a round, oval or rectangular shape. Symmetrical halves move apart and additional inserts located under the tabletop are installed between them, increasing the working surface.

The number of inserts, depending on the model, varies from 1 to 4. The standard package includes additional sections 35–45 cm wide in the amount of one or two pieces.

Another type of furniture transformation for dining areas is additional sections that slide out from the end. The mechanism is used in wooden and glass pieces of furniture. Sections are provided on one or both sides of the product.

A coffee table that turns into a dining table is a solution for small apartments and offices.

Its base is made of metal with the ability to adjust the height, or made of laminated chipboard, MDF, wood. In the first case, the supports are arranged crosswise, like an ironing board. If necessary, the tabletop rotates 90 degrees and unfolds. This doubles the surface area.

In the second, from under the tabletop, which subsequently doubles as well, an additional support extends and rises.

Both versions of transformers are produced mainly with wheels for the ability to easily move this design.

materials

Made from a variety of materials.

The concept of wooden furniture includes dining groups with countertops from:

• plywood;
• array.

Plywood and MDF tables are decorated with natural veneer or painted. More often than others, veneer of cherry, sweet cherry, hevea tree, oak is used. The standard thickness of countertops is 25–35 cm.

Solid wood products, due to the availability of alternative materials such as MDF, are not produced in large quantities. Often they are made to order. For manufacturing use an array of oak, pine, larch.

Dining tables made of pine and larch are designed for outdoor use, as they are not affected by changes in temperature and humidity.

Glass tables are made of tempered glass or triplex glass. The thickness of the glass should not be less than 1 cm. Tempered glass is obtained by heating to high temperatures, followed by slow cooling.

This material is durable: it is not afraid of impacts and can withstand a lot of weight. But still, it beats if you drop a heavy object on the countertop from a height of more than a meter. In this case, the glass breaks into small rounded fragments.

At the same time, the fragments do not scatter over a long distance, unlike non-tempered glass, and do not pose a danger to others, thanks to the rounded edges.

Triplex - glass sheets glued together with resin.

Such glass is more expensive than tempered glass. Even with strong impacts, it does not break, but is covered with cracks. But because of the difficulties associated with processing the edges of laminated glass, it is used less often than tempered glass.

Products made of artificial stone have a non-folding monolithic work surface.

For their manufacture use:

• acrylic polymer;
• quartz agglomerate.

They are durable and resistant to mechanical stress. Artificial stone furniture manufacturers provide customers with the opportunity to choose the design and make an order according to the color of the artificial stone kitchen counter.

Plastic-coated molds are suitable for interior design in a modern style. They are lightweight compared to products made from other materials. Plastic coating does not require the use of special surface care products.

Dining tables with natural stone are made from:

• marble;
• granite.

Such surfaces do not absorb foreign odors and are little susceptible to mechanical and chemical attack.

The standard height from the floor to the top surface of the countertop is 75 cm. It is considered comfortable for landing. But, taking into account the individual characteristics and wishes of customers, some manufacturers produce furniture with a height of 70 and 85 cm.

Supports for furniture can be of several types:

• standard supports made of wood or metal in the amount of four pieces;
• one support in the center. She looks massive. She bears all the burden. Such supports are used in the manufacture of small tables with a diameter or length, depending on the geometry of the tabletop, not more than 1.2 meters;
• two or three supports located perpendicular to the length of the tabletop. Such supports allow you to comfortably place yourself during a meal with a surface length of more than 1.2 m.

Inserts of folding products in folded form are placed under the table top. If the number of additional inserts is more than two, they cannot be stacked in this way and require additional space. Such furniture forms are rare.

Some models are equipped with side drawers for storing tools.

Chairs should be chosen according to the appearance of the furniture. In small kitchens, it is more convenient to use stools. When using a tablecloth, it is selected to match the fabric on the chairs or textiles on the windows.

To prevent damage to the surface when serving, it is recommended to use napkins.

Pros of dining tables

Dining tables made of chipboard have a number of positive properties:

• Price availability of the material.
• Ease of maintenance. Simply wipe with a slightly damp cloth.
• The shape and size of laminated chipboard countertops are diverse, so it will easily fit into a room of any size.

Distinctive features of dining tables made of wood and covered with natural veneer:

• Use in both kitchens and living rooms due to its appearance.
• Environmental friendliness of materials.
• Safety.
• Durability.

Pros of glass dining tables:

• They do not look bulky even in a small room.
• They look stylish.
• Suitable for any interior.
• Resistant to high temperatures.
• The ability to use both special products and conventional glass cleaners in surface care.
• Glass does not absorb odors.
• Can be used in high humidity conditions.
• The composition does not contain harmful and dangerous substances.
• Hypoallergenic.

Dining tables with plastic coating:

• Suitable for modern interiors, including high-tech.
• Variety of shapes and sizes.
• Not subject to pollution. To maintain cleanliness, simply wipe with a damp cloth.
• Not affected by moisture.
• Withstand high temperatures.
• They are light in weight, so it does not take much effort to rearrange. One adult can handle it.
• Affordable price.

Dining tables with artificial stone tops:

• Unaffected by fat. The trapped grease is removed with a damp cloth.
• An opportunity to make the order for production of any form and the size.
• The seamless surface looks aesthetically pleasing.

Natural stone tables:

• Resistant to temperatures up to 800 C.
• Frost-resistant.
• If necessary, subject to restoration.
• The service life is more than 10 years.
• Do not change the appearance under the influence of fat and household chemicals.

Dining table problems

Before buying dining furniture from laminated chipboard, you need to familiarize yourself with the possible problems when using them:

• When used in conditions of high humidity, the countertop swells and deforms.
• Artificial turf does not withstand high temperatures. There are traces of hot pots on the surface.
• Chipboards contain formaldehyde, which can cause allergic reactions. In some cases, it contributes to the development of cancer.

Furniture made of solid wood and covered with natural veneer:

• With insufficient humidity in the room, the tree dries out. Cracks appear. Unfolding becomes problematic.
• With excessive moisture, the wood is deformed, which makes it impossible to further use the furniture.
• To care for veneered furniture and solid wood furniture, do not use polishes, as this can spoil the appearance of the product.

• Numerous traces and stains remain. Thorough cleaning required.
• When serving, when dishes and cutlery come into contact with the work surface, loud sounds are heard. So use wipes.
• Glass is quickly scratched and loses its original appearance. It is not possible to polish such a surface.
• Despite the apparent external elegance, glass furniture is heavy. It is unlikely that it will be possible to rearrange or move it without outside help.
• If there are corners at such a table, one must be careful and careful to avoid injury.

Artificial stone tables:

• High cost compared to tables made of chipboard, plywood, MDF.
• In order to put hot on acrylic, you must use a special stand.
• Subject to mechanical damage. There are scratches that can only be removed with the help of a restorer.
• If quartz agglomerate was used for manufacturing, you can put it hot without fear. Such tables are not afraid of scratches. However, it should be borne in mind that they are more difficult to restore than acrylic tables.

Natural stone tables:

• They are practically unbearable. In order to rearrange the furniture, the efforts of several people will be required.
• Products made of granite and marble create a radiation background, so it is better to avoid their use in residential areas.

Fundamental factors when choosing furniture for the dining area:

• the size;
• the form;
• the material from which the furniture is made;
• price.

The choice of size is dictated by:

• the size of the room;
• the number of people who can simultaneously sit at this table.

For arranging a dining area in small rooms, it is better to opt for round tables of small diameter or square ones. In this case, glass products look great, visually lightening the space.

In case you need to accommodate a larger number of people (during celebrations, for example), you should purchase a folding version of this type of furniture. In a house where there are small children, it is better to avoid sharp corners in the interior. Preference should be given to round and oval shapes.

In the dining room, massive tables of rectangular or oval shape are appropriate. In this case, the choice of material depends only on the overall interior of the room.

The most economical, but not long-serving options are chipboard products, and the most expensive ones are made of natural stone.

If we discard the question of cost, then the furniture should have the following qualities:

• safety;
• convenience and ease of use;
• reliability;
• ease of care;
• beautiful appearance.

The chosen option should be designed for everyday use, and for festive feasts. Therefore, folding models are preferable.

For use in the kitchen, you need a table that is easy to clean and easy to move, safe. These qualities are possessed by oval, round, rectangular models with rounded corners with a plastic coating.

If the furniture is installed in the living room, then the appearance plays no less important role than the number of seats and safety. In this case, a wooden table covered with natural veneer or with a top made of painted MDF is suitable.

Care

• Avoid mechanical damage that can cause dents and chips on the work surface.
• Do not use indoor-only products outdoors.
• Avoid exposure to direct sunlight for a long time to avoid fading of the tabletop.
• Do not expose parts made with natural wood materials to excessive moisture.
• Do not use polishes for surfaces made of natural wood, laminate, melamine to avoid the formation of greasy stains that are difficult to remove.
• Do not use abrasives, hard brushes, rough sponges, metal sponges to clean dirt from the surface of dining furniture. This will damage the coating.

• It is advisable to avoid direct contact of the work surface with objects whose temperature exceeds 50 C and use supports. This applies to chipboard, natural veneer and lacquered wood and acrylic countertops.
• Polished countertops require regular maintenance with the use of special wipes and polishes.
• Try not to exceed the permissible load on the table surface of 50–60 kg. This applies primarily to wooden tables.
• To avoid deformation of wooden parts, tables should be at least 1 meter away from appliances that emit heat.
• To avoid loosening of fasteners, they should be tightened at intervals of once a year.

• Do not use dining groups, in the manufacture of which wood and varnish are used, near open flames.
• Do not drop sharp objects on the glass table.
• Do not stand on tables to avoid breakage and falling from a height.
• Keep small children out of the way when installing or removing optional table inserts to avoid injury.
• When self-assembling, do not overtighten the fasteners.
• Do not use tables with sharp corners in a house where children live.
• Do not allow chemical active liquids (gasoline, acetone, alcohol) to come into contact with surfaces made of natural wood, glass, plastic and artificial stone.

Faults and repairs

Parts that fail first:

• countertops;
• legs;
• retractable mechanisms.

Scuffs and scratches on wood or acrylic are corrected if you resort to the help of a restorer. If a chipboard or glass part has become unusable, you will have to change it or buy new furniture.

You can cover the scratched surface with a tablecloth and it will continue to serve. It is more difficult when the supports break. If the supports are standard metal, then they can be easily bought at hardware stores or organizations specializing in furniture fittings.

Replacement is carried out independently or with the help of professionals. It is more difficult to replace bearings if they are not produced in large quantities and are not sold in specialty stores.

Then you should contact the company where the product was purchased, asking for a replacement, if this is a warranty case, or for buying a new part.

Retractable mechanisms of folding models fail for two reasons:

• they are clogged;
• bent or broken.

In the first case, it is enough to clean the mechanism of accumulated dirt, then lubricate the parts with wax or paraffin. In the second case, replacement of failed guides will be required. They are replaced either independently or with the help of a wizard.

Dining table manufacturers

The variety of dining pieces of furniture is great, so it is not possible to single out a single leader among manufacturers.

Rather, it is a group of countries represented in the furniture market:

• Italy;
• Spain;
• China;
• Russia;
• Malaysia;
• Germany.

Chinese are popular with buyers due to their low price compared to products from European manufacturers. Sometimes quality suffers.

Chinese manufacturers skillfully copy the novelties of the most famous factories in Europe. In pursuit of appearance, buyers forget to consider how long this or that thing will last. This does not mean that you should avoid buying furniture accessories made in China.

Many factories in China make durable furniture. Malaysian-made models are also sold at an affordable price. In order not to make a mistake with the choice, use the available customer reviews posted on the Internet.

Italian factories open production in China. At the same time, strict quality control of products is carried out.

German factories offer concise options with an appropriate level of quality. Only people with incomes above average can afford such furniture.

Russian manufacturers are trying to keep up with furniture fashion. Therefore, the stores present models using both wood and glass. The advantage of Russian products is fast delivery times compared to imported tables sold to order.

Dining household tables are designed non-transformable and transformable. The dining table consists of a cover, underframe, transforming devices, drawers (Fig. 1).

Table tops are made from chipboard or solid wood. Chipboard covers are lined with veneer, films, plastic. The edges of the lids are lined or decorated with curly wood plates. The dimensions of the table top are determined by the number of seats. The dimensions of the seat along the length (width) of the table cover are 500-600 mm, in depth - 300-325 mm. The number of seats may increase depending on the transformation scheme of the table top.

Distinguish sliding, sliding and hinged transformable covers of tables.

In tables with a fixed underframe and sliding covers (Fig. 1, a), after transformation, the size of the cover increases by one folding element. The number of seats after the transformation increases by two.

In tables with a sliding underframe and sliding lids (Fig. 1, b), after transformation, the size of the lid can be increased by one, two or three inset elements. The number of seats when installing three inserts increases by six.

In tables with retractable bottom covers and a non-sliding underframe (Fig. 1, c), the size of the cover after transformation can be increased by one or two covers. The number of seats is increased by two or four.

The dimensions of the covers of the tables, transformed according to the schemes shown in Figure 1, d, increase by lifting the hinged covers. The number of seats after the transformation is eight to twelve.

The width of the inserts (B) in transformable tables must correspond to the size of the seat, i.e. be at least 500-600 mm. In addition, in tables with a fixed base, it is necessary to take into account the overhang of the lid (C) after transformation relative to the legs of the table, which characterizes the stability of dining tables.

The stability of dining tables is the ability to resist tipping over under adverse operating conditions (the largest overhang of the table top and the load on the edge of the cover). Dining tables with a permanent lid overhang (non-transformable tables and tables with a sliding base), as well as tables in which the lid overhang does not increase after transformation, are stable.

When designing, the stability of dining tables can be approximately calculated by the formula:

where: P - vertical load equal to 10 daN (kgf) for tables weighing up to 15 kg and 15 daN (kgf) for tables weighing more than 15 kg;

С - overhang of the table cover, mm;

B - length, width of the table underframe, mm;

Q - weight of the table, kg.

Based on the condition of non-tilting of the table, it is possible to determine the maximum allowable overhang of the lid:

C less \u003d (B / 2P) xQ.

Fig.1 Dining tables: a-d - schemes for the transformation of covers; e-g - schemes of underframes; z-l - connection of details of underframes; m-i - transforming devices; k-o - types of fastening.

If during the calculation it turns out that the stability of the table is insufficient, then the specialists of Stylish Furniture recommend reducing the overhang of the table top or increasing its weight by using parts of a larger section, mass, etc.

The table base is a wooden support. In non-transformable tables, the support is the side posts connected by drawers and the middle bar (Fig. 1, e), or the central post (Fig. 1, f). In transformable tables, the support consists of four legs and a tsarg (Fig. 1, g). The shape of the legs can be square, rectangular and round. The dimensions of square legs in cross section must be at least 45x45 mm, rectangular - 60x45 mm, round - 0 50 mm. The width of the tsarg is 90-100, the thickness is at least 19 mm.

Supports, consisting of four legs and a drawer, are also used in non-transformable tables with a drawer.

The upper part of the underframe, where the kings are located, is called the king's belt. In non-transformable tables, there is a drawer in the tsar's belt. To install a box in one of the sides of the table, a rectangular cutout is made into which the box enters. The box is installed on the L-shaped guide rails, connected to the tsargs with spikes. In transformable tables, transforming devices are located in the tsar's belt.

The details of the underframe are made of coniferous wood, particle boards; round tsargs are glued from plywood or veneer.

Non-separable connections of the tsarg with side posts in non-transformable tables are carried out on dowels with glue with additional fastening with a metal square or an angular middle connection on a dovetail spike (Fig. 1, h). The middle bar with side posts is connected using wedges (Fig. 1, i). The layer of the tsarg and the middle bars should be located vertically. The wider the drawers and bars, the greater the rigidity of the table. The slope of the wedge is 1:10, the width b from the end of the bar to the wedge is at least 50 mm. The wedge connection is used not only as a constructive, but also as a decorative one.

When developing the design of the table underframe, consisting of four legs and a drawer side, the main attention is paid to the rigidity of the joints that ensure the rigidity of the tables as a whole.

The rigidity of dining tables is characterized by the ability of the table structure to resist vibration due to external forces. It depends on the rigidity of the connection of the tsarg and fastening of the legs, the correct choice of sections of the legs and the tsarg of the table.

The tsargs between themselves and the legs with the tsargs in non-separable underframes are connected with a single non-through spike with semi-darkness on glue.

In collapsible connections, the drawers are connected with wooden or metal bosses, the legs are attached to the drawers with special ties, standard bolts or studs with a nut (Fig. IZ, k). Wooden bosses are connected to the drawers on straight box spikes or on a dovetail spike. Metal bosses are attached to the sides with screws (four screws are placed on each connection). Thickness of non-standard metal bosses - 4 mm, width - 70 mm. Standard stamped bosses are made with stiffening ribs from 2 mm thick steel. The straight spike connection is the most durable and rigid, therefore it is recommended for sliding and fixed dining tables of all sizes. Connections on the dovetail stud and metal bosses are about two times inferior in rigidity to the connections on the straight stud.

Such connections are used in dining sliding and fixed tables, with the exception of banquet tables. To fasten the legs in tables with bent glued sides (Fig. 1, k), standard screws and nuts are used.

Dining tables by industrial enterprises are made with a collapsible underframe (with removable legs) in order to reduce the volume occupied by the table during transportation.

The rigidity of the tables, in which the legs with the drawers are connected by a single non-through tenon with a semi-darkness, is higher than the rigidity of similar tables with collapsible connections of the legs with the drawers. In addition, during the operation of dining tables in collapsible connections, self-unscrewing of nuts occurs, which reduces the rigidity of the connections. The nuts must be tightened periodically.

The transforming devices of dining tables are running bars and rotary rolling pins. Running bars, screwed to the table top, move in the grooves of the sides (Fig. 1, m) or guide bars (Fig. 1, i) attached to the sides. The connection of several guide bars forms a rocker guide (Fig. 1, o). So that in the bars of the rocker guide the comb does not come out of the groove, the connection is fixed with a metal square. The rubbing surfaces of the running bars are made of hard hardwood.

Non-transformable tables.

Racks of such tables are made of solid wood of coniferous or hardwood. They have a square or round shape (Fig. 2, a, b).

The basis of the square-shaped rack is a glued beam with a section of 120 mm, thickened in the lower and middle parts. The thickening of the beam is used to increase the stability of the rack and for aesthetic reasons.

Fig. 2 A set of furniture: a-b - rack designs; c - cover fastening; gd - fastening the supports to the rack.

Racks of a round form consist of the segments connected on a plug-in lath.

The table top with a diameter of 1000-1200 mm is made of solid wood. Cover thickness - 30-35 mm. The lid can be made from solid wood or chipboard 18-20 mm thick. In this case, to increase the stability of the lid and for aesthetic reasons, bars or a round drawer with a thickness of 30-35 mm are screwed from its inside.

The cover is fastened with screws to the cross, embedded in the rack (Fig. 2, c). The working surfaces of table tops made of solid softwood must be deresined.

The table supports are a cross (Fig. 2, d) or spacer legs (Fig. 2, e). The nature of the connection of the rack with the supports is recommended by Stylish Furniture specialists to be well thought out, since with a one-sided load on the table top, significant loads arise on the connections of the rack with the supports. Square racks with a cross can be connected to a through spike with wedging the spike with glue wedges. Round posts to the cross are attached to the dowels. The diameter of the dowels is 14 mm, the number of dowels per one connection is at least four. Spacer legs are attached to the rack on dowels with a diameter of 14 mm with additional fastening with a metal bracket.

Convertible tables.

Tables with sliding tops and fixed base are made with a rectangular and round underframe (round tsarga). On fig. 3 shows the design of a table with a rectangular base. Running bars 4 and 7 are attached to the sliding covers of the table, which move in the grooves of the sides. Insert 6 consists of two shields interconnected by loops. One shield of the insert element is attached to the rotary rolling pin 2, rotating in the side drawers. In the folded position, the insert rests on the support bar 3. When transforming, the insert rotates along with the rolling pin and rests on the longitudinal drawer. Then the second half of the insert is folded back on the loop and lies on the other side.

Fig. 3 Rectangular dining table with a sliding lid and fixed underframe: 1 - hook; 2 - rolling pin; 3 - support bar; 4.7 - running bars; 5 - dowel; 6 - insert element; 8 - sliding covers; 9 - guide bar.

Dowels 5 installed in the edges of the insert element, four dowels on each side, enter the corresponding sockets of the sliding table covers. Before and after the transformation, the sliding table covers are connected to each other and the insert element with hooks 1. The hooks prevent accidental release of the dowels from the nests, as a result of which the insert can fall down under the load of objects on the table.

An example of a constructive solution for a dining table with a round frame and an insert freely stored in the underframe is shown in fig. 4. Running bars 2 are attached to the sliding covers 1, moving in the grooves of the guide bars 3, connected with spikes to the drawer side 4. The inset element 5, consisting of two shields connected by hinges, is freely stored in the underframe on the support bars 6 connected to the drawer bars. In the designs of tables with a round side, the insert can be swivel - attached to a swivel rolling pin (Fig. 4, b).

Fig. 4 Dining table with a round frame and an insert stored in the underframe.

Manufacturing process dining tables with rectangular base from pre-prepared parts, it includes the main operations performed in the following sequence: the formation of spikes and sockets in the sides and legs; the formation of grooves and nests in the sides for supporting, running bars and rolling pins; assembly of the sidewalls of the underframe "dry"; gluing the spiked joints of the sidewalls; assembly of the underframe "dry"; gluing and processing of the underframe; fastening of the support bar; hanging insert elements on the hinges; fastening the rolling pin and running bars; installation of an insert in the underframe; verification of transformation efforts.

When marking the legs, Stylish Furniture specialists provide for sawing them off after assembling the underframe. For this purpose, the length of the legs at the top of the table should be 40-50 mm longer than that provided for by the project. If the length of the legs of the underframe corresponds to the design one, then in the places where the spikes of the tsarg are mated with the sockets of the legs, during assembly, the wood may split, as a result of which the nature of the connection will be disturbed. The sidewalls to be glued are crimped in zwings and the correct assembly of the sidewalls is checked with a diagonal ruler.

Then the underframe is collected "dry" and glued in zwings. The underframe crimped in zwings is checked diagonally and placed on a horizontal floor. After the glue has dried, the ends of the legs protruding above the tsargs are sawn off and the top of the underframe is cleaned. In order to ensure better sliding of the covers over the sides during transformation, it is advisable to stick strips of fabric (cloth) on the edges of the sides.

Card loops are used for hanging insert elements. After hanging, the hinges should not protrude onto the front surface of the insert.

The table covers and the insert are placed face down on a flat floor and the underframe is placed on them. Having aligned the overhangs of the lid and the inset element on the underframe, they fasten the running bars to the lids and the rolling pin to the inline element. Putting the table on its legs, check the transformation force of the covers. If necessary, the running elements of transforming devices are rubbed with wax or soap.

In the manufacture tables with a collapsible rectangular base first, with the help of bosses, the sides are connected, then the legs are attached to the sides. In the future, the manufacturing process is similar to the process of manufacturing a table with a non-separable underframe.

The manufacture of tables with a round side has some features. The bent-glued drawer of a closed contour is glued from plywood. The legs are attached to the drawers with standard round-head screws. The running bars move in the grooves selected in the sides and guide bars. Two support bars are attached to the guide bars with screws, on which the insert is freely stored.

If the inset element is attached to a rotary rolling pin, then it rotates in bosses screwed to the round side with screws.

Dining tables with sliding lids are made with rectangular (Fig. 5, a) and square (Fig. 5, b) underframes. In both cases, the tables have similar design solutions.

The tables have two bottom covers 7, which are pulled out from under the top cover 2. Running bars 5 are attached to the bottom covers, which are moved in the grooves of the tsargs. A transverse bar, called a bridge 3, is attached to the other two sides. There are two holes in the bridge, into which dowels 4 are freely inserted, fixed in the top cover. The running bars are wedge-shaped, thanks to which the bottom covers, when extended, are set at the level of the top table cover. Dowels-stops 6 are located in the running bars, preventing the full extension of the lower covers.

Fig. 5 Dining tables with retractable lids with rectangular (a) and square (b) underframes: 1 - retractable bottom lid; 2 - top cover; 3 - bridge; 4 - dowel; 5 - running bars; 6 - dowel-stops.

In the extended position, the running bars rest against the bridge from below.

A bridge is attached to the finished underframe with screws. The width of the bridge depends on the width of the sliding covers, which is determined taking into account the stability of the table against tipping over. Having attached running bars to the retractable covers through the holes in the bridge, mark the installation sites in the top cover of the dowels. After installing the dowels and pulling out the bottom covers, the Stylish Furniture company's specialists plan the place of installation of the stop dowels.

Tables with sliding tops and sliding base(Fig. 6, a) are resistant to overturning, since the overhang of the cover remains constant during the transformation process.

However, after the transformation, the table tops bend by the value h, which depends on the gaps in the mating joints of the transforming devices and the magnitude of the transformation. It is considered that the table is made with sufficient accuracy if the deflection of the lid after transformation is no more than 5 mm. If the deflection of the table top is more than 5 mm, then a folding leg is provided in the design of the table, which excludes the deflection of the table top. The legs are made of T- or U-shape from softwood or aluminum pipes and are attached to transforming devices with hinges or brackets. Folding legs are used for tables that can be transformed into five or more inset elements.

Fig. 6 Dining table with sliding lids and sliding underframe: a, b - rocker guide with running box; c - rocker guide from separate bars. 1 - middle bar; 2 - transverse bars; 3 - fixing metal square.

The rocker guides of tables with sliding covers and a sliding underframe are made in two versions. In the first variant (Fig. 6, b), the middle bars 1 of the rocker guide are connected with screws into the running box using transverse bars 2. The box must be sufficiently rigid, so two or three screws are placed on each connection. The extreme running bars of the rocker guide are attached to the half-covers. Rocker guides with a running box are used for tables that can be transformed into no more than three inserts. The insert elements are located on the transverse bars of the undercarriage.

In the second version, the rocker guide is connected from separate bars (Fig. 6, c), fixed with metal squares 3. Such rocker guides are used for tables that can be transformed into four or more inset elements (banquet tables). Inserts are stored separately from the table.

Before proceeding with the manufacture of a dining table with sliding covers and a sliding base, Stylish Furniture specialists recommend making a drawing (bottom view) of the table before and after transformation on a scale of 1: 2. If the size of the table after the transformation is significant, then you can draw a half of the table up to the axis of symmetry. The drawing draws covers, inserts, underframe, rocker guides, stops that limit the movement of the rocker guide bars, fixing squares.

The table is made in the following sequence. The finished underframe is sawn into two equal parts, to which, with the help of bosses or squares, half covers are attached and to them (half covers) the extreme running bars of the rocker guide. Then, on a flat floor, insert elements with half-covers (legs up) are formed and the rocker guide is mounted. In accordance with the drawing, stops and fixing squares are screwed with screws. Putting the table with its legs on the floor, check the correct installation and the force of transformation.

Then mount the folding leg. Depending on the design and method of fastening, the folding leg can itself be removed when the table is moved and recline when moving apart.

Choosing a dining table is not an easy task, because it must be functional, comfortable, durable, and at the same time be distinguished by high aesthetics and design. If, moreover, we take into account that in such a functional area as the dining room, the table is the main element of the interior, its appearance becomes especially important. Before buying, you should decide on the characteristics of the table.

dining table size

This is the most important table setting. For each person sitting at the table, you need 60 cm of tabletop length. At the same time, chairs in the required number should be placed freely, without touching, so that they can be easily moved and moved away from the table.

When choosing a dining table, you can focus on the following numbers: the distance from it to the wall should be at least 70 cm if no passage is planned there. The width of the table, as a rule, should be in the range from 85 to 105 cm.

If the kitchen or dining area is modest in size, and from time to time it becomes necessary to gather a large number of people at the table. In this case, you should pay attention to transforming furniture. A folded table will not take up much space, and when guests arrive, it can be expanded to increase the capacity by several places, usually from two to six.

dining table shape

Types of dining tables vary in shape. In many ways, it will determine the dimensions, because these parameters depend on each other.

• Rectangle. This is the most common form of dining table. As a rule, it is suitable for almost any room. In small dining areas or kitchens, such a table is placed near the wall or in the corner, thus saving free space. In large dining rooms, a rectangular table can stand in the center, or a meter away from the wall.
• Square. A square-shaped table cannot be large - in this case, dishes that stand in the center will be inconvenient to take. This form is convenient if four people plan to sit behind it.
• Circle or oval. Round and oval tables are suitable for large rooms. At the same time, the dining table in the interior of the kitchen becomes the center of the composition, its main semantic, and often decorative accent.

Tip: If the dining room is square in shape, it is better to purchase a table with a round top and place it in the center. With an elongated shape of the room, rectangular or oval tables are more suitable.

Design features of the dining table

Depending on the design of the tables, they can be divided into two main types:

• stationary,
• folding (table-transformer).

Folding tables differ in the mechanism of unfolding, and can be both unfolded and moved apart, and have reclining parts. The sliding mechanism of transformation implies the use of an additional plate, which, when folded, “hides” under the main table top, and can either be taken out of there or taken out with the help of additional devices.

Folding tables can change not only the size of the tabletop, but also its height above the floor. Such designs are more often used folded as coffee tables, and unfolded as dining tables.

If there is very little space, the choice of a dining table can be stopped on a book table. When folded, the width of such a table does not exceed the width of the bedside table, it occupies a small area and can be used as a lamp stand or bookshelf. To bring it into working condition, it is necessary to lift on both sides of the tabletop, and extend the folded “legs” to provide support.

The choice of material for the dining table

Dining tables are made from a variety of materials, the choice is determined by personal preferences and operating conditions. So, if the dining area is located in the kitchen, and you plan to use the table not only for eating, but also for cooking, the countertop should be easy to clean, resistant to dirt and moisture.

Each of the materials used in the manufacture of various types of dining tables has its own advantages and disadvantages:

• Chipboard. This is the most budget option. The main advantage is the low price. The main disadvantage is a short service life.
• MDF. A table made of this material is more expensive, but it is also more durable than a table made of chipboard. It is more resistant to moisture and temperature extremes.
• An array of wood. Tables made of natural solid wood - a classic option. Reliability, durability, attractive appearance, the ability to fit into almost any interior style - these are the advantages of this material. The downside is the high price.
• Glass. The glass dining table in the interior of the kitchen allows you to solve several problems at once. Firstly, it meets all the requirements for such premises, it is easy to clean, and has high moisture resistance. Secondly, due to the transparency, the glass top seems to dissolve in the air, and thus does not clutter up the interior, which is especially important for small rooms.
• Stone. Stone countertops are made from both natural and artificial stone. Usually tables with stone tops are made to order according to design sketches. Moreover, artificial stone for tables, especially large ones, is preferable to natural, as it is less fragile and can withstand heavy loads. It must be borne in mind that stone is a very dense material, and countertops made from it are very heavy, so you need to calculate whether your flooring can withstand the weight of the table.

Dining table legs

Before choosing a dining table, decide how many legs it should have. This is a very important point, affecting not only the appearance, but also the usability. There are only four options, except for the fact that if the dining table is too long, it may also need additional supports.

• One. Tables with one support in the center are much more convenient if the table has a round shape - you can sit anywhere, there will be no interference. However, there are no large round tables on one leg, as a rule, no more than four people can sit at them at the same time, in extreme cases - six.
• Two. Two supports at dining tables usually have a small width. This is not a very convenient option; you can sit down to such a table only from two sides.
• Three. When choosing a dining table with a round shape and a large size, you can opt for the option of three legs - this is convenient for those sitting, and looks quite aesthetically pleasing.
• Four. A tabletop on four legs-supports is the traditional, and most common option. They can be made from any material and are durable, strong and comfortable.

Style

Different types of dining tables are designed for different interiors. It is necessary that the table fits into a certain style, emphasizes its features, harmonizes with the objects surrounding it and the decoration of the room.

• Minimalism. In rooms of this style, tables with glass tops, on supports made of dark wood or chromed metal look good. They can have a countertop of any shape.

• Classic. Rectangular tables on four stable, massive legs made of wood and decorated with carving elements are ideal for classic interiors. It is especially good if the table is made of oak or other precious woods.

• Provence. Rough natural wood furniture is a hallmark of style. It can have a natural color, or it can be dyed and aged. A wooden dining table in white, without decorations and small details, will perfectly match the atmosphere of rustic simplicity.

• Loft. The main materials used in this dining table style are raw wood and metal. Metal legs and a wooden tabletop are ideal.

The dining table in the interior of the kitchen is the main design element, so try to match its style to the chosen interior direction, but do not forget that the color of the furniture affects the perception of the room.

The white color of the table is a solution that will help lighten the kitchen space, prevent the feeling of being “crowded” with furniture, and add freshness and cleanliness. However, when choosing a table, first of all, pay attention to the convenience of its use, as you will use it for its intended purpose for many years.