Dear users of our resource! On our site you have the opportunity to choose a radiator yourself. This means that you can calculate the number of radiators you need to install in each room. In order to make this calculation, to have certain calculation information at hand, only then can radiators be selected with greater accuracy. Information needed to determine the number of radiator sections: The main one is the heat output of the radiator (heat transfer) - this is a value that shows how much heat energy the radiator gives off in a certain unit of time. Thermal power is expressed in watts. For each radiator, this value is determined by the manufacturer. Let's move on to the calculation part. From the foregoing, we come to the conclusion that it is necessary to determine the thermal power required to heat a particular room, for this we just need the dimensions of the room. The next step. Be patient, find a pencil, paper, tape measure and prepare the following information for the correct selection of radiators: type of windows, quality of thermal insulation, window and floor area, average temperature of the coldest week of the year, type of room above the calculated one, room size. So, if you have collected all the necessary information, let's get started.

Selection of a heating radiator (calculation of the number of sections)

Now you need to decide which radiators you want to install: aluminum radiators (extruded and die-cast); steel radiators (tubular, panel); bimetallic radiators (extrusion and injection molded); cast iron radiators (tubular). So, if you have already opted for radiators of a certain type, then the next question that arises is how to choose a radiator from the already existing variety that meets specific requirements. You can find out how to choose a heating radiator in the section "Articles" - "Articles about heating radiators"

If you need accurate calculation of sections of heating radiators, then this can be done by the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room. This calculation is suitable for rooms with a low ceiling of no more than 2.6 meters. In order to heat it, 100 W of heat power per 1 m 2 is spent. Based on this, it is not difficult to calculate how much heat is needed for the entire room. That is, the area must be multiplied by the number of square meters.

Further, the existing result should be divided by the heat transfer value of one section, the resulting value is simply rounded up. If this is a warm room, such as a kitchen, then the result can be rounded down.

When calculating the number of radiators, it is necessary to take into account possible heat losses, taking into account certain situations and the condition of the housing. For example, if an apartment room is angular and has a balcony or loggia, then it loses heat much faster than apartment rooms with a different location. For such spaces thermal power calculations must be increased by at least 20%. If you plan to install heating radiators in a niche or hide them behind a screen, then the heat calculation is increased by 15-20%.

To calculate heating radiators, you can use the calculator for calculating heating radiators.

Calculations considering the volume of the room.

Calculation of sections of heating radiators it will be more accurate if they are calculated based on the height of the ceiling, that is, based on the volume of the room. The principle of calculation in this case is similar to the previous version.

First you need to calculate the total heat demand, and only then calculate the number of sections in the radiators. When the radiator is hidden behind the screen, the room's need for thermal energy is increased by at least 15-20%. If we take into account the recommendations of SNIP, then in order to heat one cubic meter of a living room in a standard panel house, it is necessary to spend 41 W of thermal power.

To calculate, we take the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room and multiply by the height of the ceiling, we get the total volume, it must be multiplied by the standard value, that is, by 41. If the apartment has good modern double-glazed windows, there is foam insulation on the walls, then a smaller value will be needed - 34 W per m 3. For example, if a room with an area of ​​20 sq. meters has ceilings with a height of 3 meters, then the volume of the room will be only 60 m 3, that is, 20X3. When calculating the thermal power of the room, we get 2460 W, that is, 60X41.

Table of calculations of the required heat supply.

Getting to the calculation: To calculate the required number of heating radiators it is necessary to divide the obtained data by the heat transfer of one section, which is indicated by the manufacturer. For example, if we take as an example: one section produces 170 watts, we take the area of ​​​​the room for which 2460 watts are needed and divide it by 170 watts, we get 14.47. Then we round up and get 15 heating sections per room. However, one should take into account the fact that many manufacturers deliberately indicate overestimated heat transfer rates for their sections, based on the fact that the temperature in the batteries will be maximum. In real life, such requirements are not met, and pipes are sometimes slightly warm, instead of hot. Therefore, it is necessary to proceed from the minimum heat transfer rates per section, which are indicated in the product passport. Due to this, the resulting calculations will be more accurate.

How to get the most accurate calculation.

Calculation of sections of heating radiators with maximum accuracy is quite difficult to obtain, because not all apartments are considered standard. And this is especially true for private buildings. Therefore, many owners have a question: how to calculate sections of heating radiators according to individual operating conditions? In this case, the height of the ceiling, the size and number of windows, wall insulation and other parameters are taken into account. According to this calculation method, it is necessary to use a whole list of coefficients that will take into account the characteristics of a particular room, it is they who can affect the ability to release or store thermal energy.

This is how the formula for calculating sections of heating radiators looks like: KT \u003d 100W / sq.m. * P * K1 * K2 * K3 * K4 * K5 * K6 * K7, the KT indicator is the amount of heat that is needed for an individual room.

1. where P is the total area of ​​the room, indicated in sq.m.;

2. K1 - coefficient that takes into account the glazing of window openings: if the window is with ordinary double glazing, then the indicator is 1.27;

• If a double-glazed window is 1.0;
• If the window is triple-glazed - 0.85.

3. K2 - coefficient of thermal insulation of walls:

• Very low degree of thermal insulation - 1.27;
• Excellent thermal insulation (laying walls on two bricks or insulation) - 1.0;
• High degree of thermal insulation - 0.85.

4. K3 - the ratio of the area of ​​\u200b\u200bwindows and the floor in the room:

• 50% — 1,2;
• 40% — 1,1;
• 30% — 1,0;
• 20% — 0,9;
• 10% — 0,8.

5. K4 - a coefficient that allows you to take into account the average air temperature in the coldest time:

• For -35 degrees - 1.5;
• For -25 degrees - 1.3;
• For -20 degrees - 1.1;
• For -15 degrees - 0.9;
• For -10 degrees - 0.7.

6. K5 - adjusts the need for heat, taking into account the number of external walls:

• 1 wall - 1.1;
• 2 walls - 1.2;
• 3 walls - 1.3;
• 4 walls - 1.4.

7. K6 - takes into account the type of room that is located above:

• Very cold attic - 1.0;
• Attic with heating - 0.9;
• Heated room - 0.8

8. K7 - a coefficient that takes into account the height of the ceilings:

• 2.5 m - 1.0;
• 3.0 m - 1.05;
• 3.5 m - 1.1;
• 4.0 m - 1.15;
• 4.5 m - 1.2.

The presented calculation of sections of heating radiators takes into account all the nuances of the room and the location of the apartment, therefore it quite accurately determines the need for thermal energy in the room. The result obtained only needs to be divided by the heat transfer value from one section, the finished result is rounded off. There are also manufacturers who offer to use a simpler calculation method. Their websites provide an accurate calculator of the calculations required for calculations. To work with this program, the user enters the desired values ​​in the fields and gets the finished result. In addition, he can use special software.

During the cold season, heating is the most important communication system that is responsible for comfortable living in the house. Heating batteries are part of this system. The general temperature regime of the room will depend on their number and area. Therefore, a correctly calculated number of radiator sections is the key to the efficient operation of the entire system, plus fuel savings used to heat the coolant.

In this article:

What you need for independent calculations

Things to consider:

• the size of the rooms where they will be installed;
• the number of windows and entrance doors, their area;
• materials from which the house was built (in this case, walls, floor and ceiling are taken into account);
• the location of the room relative to the cardinal points;
• technical parameters of the heating device.

If you are not a specialist, it will be very difficult to independently carry out calculations using all the listed criteria. Therefore, many private developers use a simplified methodology that allows you to calculate only the approximate number of radiators for a room.

If you want to make accurate calculations, use the calculated calculations according to SNiP.

Calculation method according to SNiP

Table of approximate calculations

The SNiP stipulates that the optimal variant of the required number of radiator sections depends on the indicator of the thermal energy that they emit. It should be equal to 100 W per 1 m² of room area.

The formula is used for calculation: N=Sx100/P

• N is the number of battery sections;
• S is the area of ​​the room;
• P - section power (this indicator can be found in the product passport).

But since additional indicators must be taken into account in the calculation, new variables are added to the formula.

Corrections to the formula

• If the house has plastic windows, you can reduce the number of sections by 10%. That is, a coefficient of 0.9 is added for the calculation.
• If a ceiling height is 2.5 meters, a factor of 1.0 is applied. If the ceiling height is greater, then the coefficient increases to 1.1-1.3
• The number and thickness of the outer walls also affect this parameter: the thicker the walls, the lower the coefficient.
• The number of windows also affects heat loss. Each window adds 5% to the coefficient.
• If a heated attic or attic is organized above the room, the number of sections can be reduced specifically in this room.
• corner room or room with balcony add an additional 1.2 coefficients to the formula.
• Batteries hidden in a niche and covered with a decorative screen add 15% to the final figure.

Using additional adjustments, you will find out how many sections to put in each room. And you can easily find out how many radiators you need per square meter.

How to calculate the number of sections: an example on cast iron batteries

Let's calculate how many cast-iron radiator sections need to be installed in a room with two two-chamber plastic windows with a ceiling height of 2.7 m, the area of ​​​​which is 22 m².

Mathematical formula: (22x100/145)x1.05x1.1x0.9=15.77

We round the resulting number to a whole - it turns out 16 sections: two batteries for each window, 8 sections each.

Explanation on coefficients:

• 1.05 is a 5% markup for the second window;
• 1.1 is an increase in the height of the ceiling;
• 0.9 is a reduction for the installation of plastic windows.

Let's face it - this option, as noted above, is difficult for a simple consumer. But there are simplified ways, which will be discussed below.

Effect of material on the number of sections

Developers often face the question, in the context of the material from which they are made. After all, steel, cast iron, copper, aluminum has its own heat transfer index, and this must also be taken into account in the calculations.

As mentioned above, this parameter can be found in the product passport.

For example:

• Cast iron radiator has a heat output of 145 watts.
• Aluminum - 190 W.
• Bimetallic - 185 watts.

From this list, we can conclude that the number of aluminum sections will be used less than, say, cast iron. And more than bimetallic. And this is with all the other parameters mentioned above being the same.

Calculation by room area

The same formula is used here - N \u003d Sx100 / P, with one caveat: ceiling height should not exceed 2.6 m.

We use the parameters that were taken into account in the example with a cast-iron battery, but we will make some changes regarding the number of windows.

• For simplicity of the example, let's take just one window: 22x100/145=15.17

You can round down to 15 sections, but keep in mind that the missing section can reduce the temperature by a couple of degrees, which will lead to an overall decrease in the comfort of being in the room.

Calculation by room volume

In this case thermal energy is the main indicator, equal to 41 W per 1 m³. This is also a standard value. True, in rooms with double-glazed windows, a value equal to 34 watts is used.

• 22x2.6x41 / 145 \u003d 16.17 - rounded up, it turns out 16 sections.

Pay attention to one very subtle nuance.

Manufacturers, indicating the amount of heat transfer in the product passport, take it into account according to the maximum parameter. In other words, they believe that the temperature of the hot water in the system will be maximum. In real life this is not always true. Therefore, we strongly recommend that you round the final result up.

And if the power of the section is determined by the manufacturer in a certain range (a plug is set between two indicators), then choose a lower indicator for calculations.

Calculation by eye

Heat loss in an apartment building

This option is suitable for those who absolutely do not understand anything in mathematical calculations. Divide the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room by the standard indicator - 1 section per 1.8 m².

• 22 / 1.8 \u003d 12.22 - rounded up, it turns out 13 sections.

Keep in mind: the ceiling height should not exceed 2.7 m. If the ceiling is higher, you will have to calculate using a more complex formula.

As you can see, you can calculate the required number of sections for a room in different ways. If you want to get an accurate result, use the calculation according to SNiP. You will not be able to decide on additional coefficients - choose any other simplified option.

When installing and replacing heating radiators, the question usually arises: how to correctly calculate the number of sections of heating radiators so that the apartment is cozy and warm even in the coldest season? It is not difficult to make the calculation yourself, you just need to know the parameters of the room and the power of the batteries of the selected type. For corner rooms and rooms with ceilings above 3 meters or panoramic windows, the calculation is somewhat different. Consider all calculation methods.

Rooms with standard ceiling heights

The calculation of the number of sections of heating radiators for a typical house is based on the area of ​​​​the rooms. The area of ​​a room in a typical house is calculated by multiplying the length of the room by its width. To heat 1 square meter, 100 watts of heater power is required, and to calculate the total power, you need to multiply the resulting area by 100 watts. The value obtained means the total power of the heater. The documentation for the radiator usually indicates the thermal power of one section. To determine the number of sections, you need to divide the total capacity by this value and round the result up.

Calculation example:

A room with a width of 3.5 meters and a length of 4 meters, with the usual height of the ceilings. The power of one section of the radiator is 160 watts. Find the number of sections.

1. We determine the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room by multiplying its length by its width: 3.5 4 \u003d 14 m 2.
2. We find the total power of heating devices 14 100 \u003d 1400 watts.
3. Find the number of sections: 1400/160 = 8.75. Round up to a higher value and get 9 sections.

For rooms located at the end of the building, the calculated number of radiators must be increased by 20%.

Rooms with a ceiling height of more than 3 meters

The calculation of the number of sections of heaters for rooms with a ceiling height of more than three meters is based on the volume of the room. Volume is the area multiplied by the height of the ceilings. To heat 1 cubic meter of a room, 40 watts of heat output of the heater is required, and its total power is calculated by multiplying the volume of the room by 40 watts. To determine the number of sections, this value must be divided by the power of one section according to the passport.

Calculation example:

A room with a width of 3.5 meters and a length of 4 meters, with a ceiling height of 3.5 m. The power of one section of the radiator is 160 watts. It is necessary to find the number of sections of heating radiators.

You can also use the table:

As in the previous case, for a corner room, this figure must be multiplied by 1.2. It is also necessary to increase the number of sections if the room has one of the following factors:

• Located in a panel or poorly insulated house;
• Located on the first or last floor;
• Has more than one window;
• Located next to unheated premises.

In this case, the resulting value must be multiplied by a factor of 1.1 for each of the factors.

Calculation example:

Corner room with a width of 3.5 meters and a length of 4 meters, with a ceiling height of 3.5 m. Located in a panel house, on the ground floor, has two windows. The power of one section of the radiator is 160 watts. It is necessary to find the number of sections of heating radiators.

1. We find the area of ​​​​the room by multiplying its length by the width: 3.5 4 \u003d 14 m 2.
2. We find the volume of the room by multiplying the area by the height of the ceilings: 14 3.5 \u003d 49 m 3.
3. We find the total power of the heating radiator: 49 40 \u003d 1960 watts.
4. Find the number of sections: 1960/160 = 12.25. Round up and get 13 sections.
5. We multiply the resulting amount by the coefficients:

Corner room - coefficient 1.2;

Panel house - coefficient 1.1;

Two windows - coefficient 1.1;

First floor - coefficient 1.1.

Thus, we get: 13 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 = 20.76 sections. We round them up to a larger integer - 21 sections of heating radiators.

When calculating, it should be borne in mind that different types of heating radiators have different thermal output. When choosing the number of heating radiator sections, it is necessary to use exactly those values ​​​​that correspond.

In order for the heat transfer from the radiators to be maximum, it is necessary to install them in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, observing all the distances specified in the passport. This contributes to a better distribution of convective currents and reduces heat loss.

For the heating system to work efficiently, it is not enough just to arrange the batteries in the rooms. It is necessary to calculate the number of radiators, taking into account the area and volume of the premises and the power of the furnace or boiler itself. It is also important to take into account the type of battery, the number of sections in each and the speed of delivery of the "working fluid".

8 section heating radiator in the apartment

To date industry produces several types of radiators are made of different materials, have different shapes and, of course, characteristics. For the efficiency of heating a house, when buying them, you need to take into account all the pros and cons of the models on the market.

The property owner does not have to turn to specialists for help in calculating the number of heating radiators, for this it is enough to be able to use a tape measure, a calculator and a ballpoint pen or pencil! By following our instructions, you will definitely succeed!

The first thing you need to know is the type and material from which your radiators are made, it is on this, in particular, that their number depends. On sale there are both already familiar cast-iron types of batteries, but significantly improved, as well as modern specimens made of aluminum, steel and the so-called bimetallic radiators made of steel and aluminum.

Modern battery options are made in a variety of designs and have numerous shades and colors, so you can easily choose those models that are more suitable for a particular interior. However, we must not forget about the technical characteristics of the devices.

But they also have a weak side - they are acceptable only for heating systems with sufficiently high pressure, which means for buildings connected to central heating in apartment buildings. For buildings with autonomous heating supply, they are not suitable and it is better to refuse them.

• It is worth talking about cast iron radiators. Despite their great "historical experience", they do not lose their relevance. Moreover, today you can purchase cast-iron options made in various designs, and you can easily choose them for any design. Moreover, such radiators are produced that may well become an addition or even decoration to the room.

Cast iron radiator in modern style

These batteries are suitable for both autonomous and central heating, and for any coolant. They warm up longer than bimetallic ones, but also cool down for a longer time, which contributes to greater heat transfer and heat retention in the room. The only condition for their long-term operation is high-quality installation during installation.

• Steel radiators are divided into two types: tubular and panel.

Tubular options are more expensive, they heat up more slowly than panel ones, and, accordingly, keep the temperature longer.

Panel - quickly heating batteries. They are much cheaper than tubular ones in price, they also heat rooms well, but in the process of their rapid cooling, the room also cools down. Therefore, these batteries are not economical in autonomous heating, as they require an almost constant supply of thermal energy.

These characteristics of both types of steel batteries will directly affect the number of points for their placement.

Steel radiators have a respectable appearance, so they fit well into any style of interior design. They do not collect dust on their surface and are easily put in order.

• Aluminum radiators have good thermal conductivity, so they are considered quite economical. Thanks to this quality and modern design, aluminum batteries have become leaders in sales.

Lightweight and efficient aluminum heatsinks

But, when purchasing them, it is necessary to take into account one of their drawbacks - this is the exactingness of aluminum to the quality of the coolant, so they are more suitable only for autonomous heating.

In order to calculate how many radiators will be needed for each of the rooms, you will have to take into account many nuances, both related to the characteristics of the batteries, and others that affect the preservation of heat in the premises.

How to calculate the number of heating radiator sections

In order for heat transfer and heating efficiency to be at the proper level, when calculating the size of radiators, it is necessary to take into account the standards for their installation, and by no means do not rely on the size of the window openings under which they are installed.

Heat transfer is not affected by its size, but by the power of each individual section, which are assembled into one radiator. Therefore, the best option would be to place several small batteries, distributing them around the room, rather than one large one. This can be explained by the fact that heat will enter the room from different points and evenly warm it up.

Each individual room has its own area and volume, and the calculation of the number of sections installed in it will depend on these parameters.

Calculation based on room area

You can find out the required power for heating a room by multiplying the size of its area (in square meters) by 100 W, while:

• The radiator power is increased by 20% if two walls of the room face the street and there is one window in it - this can be an end room.
• You will have to increase the power by 30% if the room has the same characteristics as in the previous case, but it has two windows.
• If the window or windows of the room face the northeast or north, which means that there is a minimum amount of sunlight in it, the power must be increased by another 10%.
• The radiator installed in a niche under the window has a reduced heat transfer, in this case it will be necessary to increase the power by another 5%.

• If the radiator is covered with a screen for aesthetic purposes, then the heat transfer is reduced by 15%, and it also needs to be replenished by increasing the power by this amount.

Screens on radiators are beautiful, but they will take up to 15% of the power

The specific power of the radiator section must be indicated in the passport, which the manufacturer attaches to the product.

Knowing these requirements, it is possible to calculate the required number of sections by dividing the resulting total value of the required thermal power, taking into account all the specified compensating corrections, by the specific heat transfer of one section of the battery.

The resulting calculation result is rounded up to an integer, but only up. Let's say there are eight sections. And here, returning to the above, it should be noted that for better heating and heat distribution, the radiator can be divided into two parts, four sections each, which are installed in different places in the room.

It should be noted that such calculations are suitable for determining the number of sections for rooms equipped with central heating, the coolant in which has a temperature of no more than 70 degrees.

This calculation is considered accurate enough, but the calculation can be done in another way.

Calculation of the number of sections in radiators, based on the volume of the room

The standard is the ratio of thermal power of 41 W per 1 cubic meter. meter of the volume of the room, provided that there is one door, a window and an external wall in it.

To make the result visible, for example, you can calculate the required number of batteries for a room of 16 square meters. m and a ceiling, 2.5 meters high:

16 x 2.5 = 40 cube.m .

41 × 40=1640 W.

Knowing the heat transfer of one section (it is indicated in the passport), you can easily determine the number of batteries. For example, heat transfer is 170 W, and the following calculation is in progress:

1640 / 170 = 9,6.

After rounding, the result is 10 - this will be the required number of sections of heating elements per room.

There are also some features:

• If the room is connected to the adjacent room by an opening that does not have a door, then it is necessary to calculate the total area of ​​​​the two rooms, only then the exact number of batteries for heating efficiency will be revealed.
• If the coolant has a temperature below 70 degrees, the number of sections in the battery will have to be proportionally increased.
• With double-glazed windows installed in the room, heat losses are significantly reduced, therefore the number of sections in each radiator can be less.
• If old cast-iron batteries were installed in the premises, which coped well with creating the necessary microclimate, but there are plans to change them for some modern ones, then calculate how many of them will be needed very simple. One cast iron section has a constant heat output of 150 watts. Therefore, the number of installed cast iron sections must be multiplied by 150, and the resulting number is divided by the heat transfer indicated on the sections of new batteries.

Video: Expert advice on calculating the number of heating radiators in an apartment

If you still do not fully understand how these calculations are made and you do not count on your own strength, you can contact specialists who will make an accurate calculation and make an analysis taking into account all the parameters:

• features of the weather conditions of the region where the building is located;
• temperature climatic indicators at the beginning and end of the heating season;
• the material from which the structure was erected and the presence of high-quality insulation;
• the number of windows and the material from which the frames are made;
• height of heated rooms;
• efficiency of the installed heating system.

Knowing all of the above parameters, heating engineers using their calculation program can easily calculate the required number of batteries. Such a miscalculation, taking into account all the nuances of your home, is guaranteed to make it cozy and warm, and make you and your family happy!