Proper marking of wires and cords can greatly facilitate the installation and repair of any electrical network. After all, proper marking will not only facilitate the installation process itself, but will also allow you or any other person to simply look at the junction box, shield or wires to determine their purpose.

It is for these purposes that the marking of wires must be carried out in accordance with the uniform rules that are given in the "Bible" of any electrician - PUE (Electrical Installation Rules).

To ensure clarity, simplicity and facilitate the recognition of individual parts of the electrical network in accordance with clause 1.1.30 of the Electrical Installation Code, all electrical installations must have an alphanumeric and color designation. Moreover, the presence of one of these designations does not eliminate the need for the presence of another.

And the only relief is the possibility of applying the designation not along the entire length of the conductor, but only at the connection points, as shown in the video.

Wire color coding

The marking of wires by color is the most visual and allows you to quickly determine the purpose of any wire. Such marking can be done by selecting wires with the appropriate color of the core insulation, by applying paint to the busbars, or by painting or using special colored electrical tape at the junctions of the cores.

Moreover, the paint on the tires can not be applied along the entire length, but only at the connection points or at the ends of the tires.

So:

• If we talk about the color designation of wires and cables, then we should start with the phase conductors. According to clause 1.1.30 of the PUE in a three-phase network, phase conductors must be marked in yellow, green and red. So, phases A, B and C are respectively designated.
• The instruction for a single-phase electrical network assumes the designation of a phase wire in accordance with the color of which it is a continuation. That is, if a phase conductor is connected to phase "B" of a three-phase network, then it must have green color.

Note! In a single-phase network of an apartment or house, you often do not know which phase your phase wire is connected to. In order to comply with GOST, you do not have to find out at all. It is enough to designate the phase conductor with any of the proposed colors. Indeed, for a single-phase lighting network, it does not matter at all which phase your conductor is connected to. The only exception is the lighting network, which uses two different phase conductors.

• As for the neutral conductors, they should have a blue color. Moreover, the color of the zero core does not depend on whether the three-phase, two-phase and single-phase network is in front of you. It is always marked in blue.
• Wire markings with a green/yellow stripe indicate a protective conductor. It is connected to the body of electrical appliances and provides safety against electric shock in case of damage to the insulation of electrical equipment.

• If the neutral and protective conductors are combined, then according to clause 1.1.29 of the PUE, such a wire core should have a blue color with yellow-green stripes at its ends. In order to make such a marking with your own hands, you just need to take the wire blue color and on its end fittings make a designation with paint or use colored tape for this.
• As for networks direct current, then the positive core of the wire or bus should be indicated in red, and the negative in blue. At the same time, the designation of the zero and protective core corresponds to the marking in networks alternating current.

Letter marking of wires

But marking wires in color is not always convenient. in shields, switchgears and on the diagrams the letter designation is much more convenient. It must be used in conjunction with a color code.

So:

• The letter marking of phase wires in a three-phase network corresponds to their colloquial designation - phase "A", "B" and "C". For a single-phase network, it should be the same, but this is far from always convenient. Moreover, it is not always possible to reliably determine which phase. Therefore, the designation "L" is often used.

Note! Paragraph 1.1.31 of the PUE normalizes not only the alphanumeric designation of conductors, but also their location. So for a three-phase network with a vertical arrangement of tires, phase "A" should be the highest, and phase "C" the bottom. And with a horizontal arrangement of conductors, the closest phase to you should be phase "C", and the most distant phase "A".

• If the wires are marked in the shield, then under the symbol "N" they indicate the neutral wire.
• The letter designation "PE" is used to designate the protective conductor. In addition, the ground sign is often used, but the fact is that it cannot always accurately indicate the network diagram.

• The fact is that you can meet the designation "PEN". It means the combination of the neutral and protective conductor. This is possible in the TN-C-S systems that we talked about in one of our previous articles.
• But the marking of electric DC wires is carried out by the symbolisms "+" and "-". Which respectively means positive and negative wire. For direct current, there is another difference. The zero core is indicated by the symbol "M", which is sometimes misleading.

Non-standardized wire designation options

But unfortunately, the marking of wires is phase zero, grounding is far from always carried out in accordance with the rules of the PUE. You can often find other designations. This is especially true for old circuits, electrical equipment, as well as some new devices from non-certified manufacturers.

And so that they do not mislead you, let's look at the most common options.

• Quite often, on the old still Soviet schemes, you can find the symbols "Ф" or "Ф1", "Ф2" and "Ф3". The decoding of this designation is quite simple - it means phase. Moreover, a symbol without a letter designation is used for a single-phase network, and with letters for a three-phase network.
• On the new schemes, you can find the designation "L" or, respectively, "L1", "L2" and "L3". So foreign manufacturers often denote a phase. As for the digital designations, the same rule applies here - without a number for a single-phase network, with numbers for a three-phase network.

Note! For a single-phase network, the designation "F" or "L" denotes the non-principality of strict observance of the phases. That is, you can connect any phase. The same applies to a three-phase network with a digital designation. If there is a designation “Fa”, “Fv”, “Fs” or “La”, “Lv”, “Lc”, then observance of the phase sequence is mandatory.

• The marking of wires in the shields may contain the symbol "0". This designation of the neutral wire is quite often used to this day both in diagrams and in the designation of terminals on equipment.

• The earth symbol is often used to designate a protective conductor, which we have already discussed above.. It is usually used to indicate the connection point of a protective conductor made according to a system other than TN-C-S.
• The marking of the wires of the DC shield may contain the characters "L +" and "L -". These symbols represent the positive and negative conductors respectively and should not mislead you.

Conclusion

Proper marking of wires by color and designation can greatly facilitate not only installation, but also subsequent maintenance of electrical installations. Moreover, the cost of fulfilling the labeling requirements is extremely low, and the requirements are not so difficult to fulfill. Therefore, if you want to do everything “wisely” and make it easier for yourself to further operate your electrical network, we advise you to comply with these standards.

Today, the installation of electrical wiring is unthinkable without the use of conductors in colored insulation. Color marking is not a tribute to fashion and marketing ploy a manufacturer who, as it may seem to someone, wants to colorfully present their products.

In fact, this is an urgent need. Firstly, color marking allows you to indicate the purpose of each conductor in a particular group to facilitate their switching. Secondly, the probability of an error during wiring installation is significantly reduced and, as a result, the occurrence of short circuit during trial switching on or electric shock during the maintenance and repair of networks.

Certain colors are not chosen randomly. All the variety of colors is reduced to a single standard - PUE. They indicate that the cores of the wires should be identified by color or alphanumeric designations.

As part of this publication, the color marking of wires will be considered. With acceptance common standard color identification of electrical conductors has greatly facilitated the work of their switching. Each core with a specific purpose is indicated unique color: brown, grey, yellow, green, blue, etc.

Color marking is usually carried out along the entire length of the conductor. Identification is also allowed at the ends of the cores and at the connection points, for which colored heat-shrinkable tubes (cambric) or colored electrical tape are used.

Consider how it is performed in a three-phase, single-phase and direct current network.

Color of wires and tires at alternating three-phase current

AT three-phase networks busbars and high-voltage bushings of transformers at power stations and substations are painted as follows: yellow colored wires and busbars with the "A" phase, green with the "B" phase, and red with the "C" phase.

DC network - what color are the plus and minus wires

In addition to AC networks, the national economy uses DC circuits, which are used in the following areas:

• in industry, construction, storage of materials (loading equipment, electric carts, electric cranes);
• in electrified transport (trams, trolleybuses, electric locomotives, motor ships, mining dump trucks);
• at electrical substations (for powering automation and operational protection circuits).

The DC network uses only two wires. In such networks, there is no phase or neutral conductor, but there is only a positive bus (+) and a negative bus (-).

By regulatory documents wires and bars of positive charge (+) should be colored red, and wires and bars of negative charge (-) should be blue. The middle conductor (M) is indicated in blue.

If a two-wire DC electrical network is created by branching off a three-wire DC circuit, then the positive conductor of the two-wire network is indicated by the same color as the positive conductor of the three-wire circuit with which it is connected.

Colors of wires phase zero earth in wiring

For laying electrical networks of alternating current are used stranded wires in multi-colored insulation, which greatly simplifies installation work and eliminate confusion.

Designation of wires by color this is especially true when the wiring is done by one person, and the subsequent maintenance or repair will be handled by another. Otherwise, the latter will have to constantly look for either “phase” or “zero” with the help of a probe.

Those who have worked with old wiring know how annoying it is sometimes. After all, earlier insulation used in everyday life electric cable was one color - white or black.

Since the days of the USSR, the color marking of electrical wiring has undergone a number of changes until a certain standard has been developed. Now each color of the current-carrying conductor determines its purpose in the cable.

Nowadays, the regulatory document governing the color marking of insulated or non-insulated conductors is PUE 7, where, in accordance with GOST R 50462 "Identification of conductors by colors or numerical designations", only certain colors and designations.

Main task wiring markings is the speed and ease of determining the purpose of the conductors along the entire length, which is one of the main requirements of the PUE.

Consider what colors conductors should have today in AC electrical installations with voltages up to 1000V and with a solidly grounded neutral (most office buildings and residential buildings fall into this category).

Color of zero protective and zero working conductors

Blue color indicates zero working conductors (N). Zero protective (PE) conductor must be painted in yellow-green longitudinal or transverse stripes. This combination of colors should only be used for marking pinching conductors (zero protective).

Combined zero working and zero protective (PEN) - blue color along the entire length of the conductor with yellow-green stripes at the ends (at the junctions). It is characteristic that GOST today also allows the opposite color option - yellow-green stripes along the entire length with blue at the ends (at the junctions).

Simply put, designation of neutral wires by color should be:

1. 1) zero working (N) - blue color;
2. 2) zero protective (PE) - yellow-green color;
3. 3) combined (PEN) - yellow-green blue marks at the ends.

Phase wire colors

In accordance with the PUE, when designating phase conductors, preference is given to one of following colors: black, brown, red, gray, purple, pink, white, orange, turquoise.

A single-phase electrical circuit can be created by branching off a three-phase network. In this case, the phase wire of a single-phase circuit must match the color of the phase conductor of the three-phase network with which it is connected.

Wire color coding must be carried out in such a way that the color of the phase conductor does not match the color of the N-, PE- or PEN-conductor. When using an unmarked cable, colored marks are placed at its end (at the junction). In this case, a colored heat shrink tube (cambric) or colored electrical tape is used for designation.

To save yourself from unnecessary work in the form of leaving marks with electrical tape or tubes, it is enough to correctly determine the color marking of the insulation before buying an electrical cable. You should also buy it from the right amount to ensure the same wiring markings throughout the apartment or throughout the house.

If the cable is already laid how to mark

Very often you have to deal with such situations when you come to the object, open the shield, and there the connection is not clear how. There is no need to talk about the correspondence of wire marking with the rules. It is not clear where the phase is, and where is zero and ground. You have to familiarize yourself with the wiring in the shield, junction boxes etc. It all comes down to one drawback, you have to waste time. How to be in that case? Do not reconnect.

Each wire is labeled and color coded. it necessary measure, which allows you to unify electrical products, and also facilitates work with it. The norms and requirements for wire designations are described in the rules for the design of power plants (PUE). This is a document that electricians are guided by.

Marking of networks 220v and 380v in single-phase and three-phase execution

The standards for marking AC wires for a single-phase or three-phase network are identical. They match the color of zero and ground. The color of the phase wire can match or be complemented by other colors.

Color marking is carried out along the length of the conductor. Identification is allowed at the ends of the cores and at the connection points, colored heat-shrinkable tubes (cambric) or colored electrical tape are used.

To recognize the phase, zero or ground, it is necessary to strip the cable from the top insulation by 5 - 10 cm so that the inner cores remain in their sheath. The purpose of the wire is determined by their color:

• Grounding. Use insulation painted in bright yellow and green. In this case, color stripes can be applied both longitudinally and transversely. Sometimes there are wires with completely green or yellow insulation. This also suggests that this vein goes to the ground.
• Zero wire. The neutral wire is painted blue or blue. The standards are provided for in the PUE.
• Phase. Depending on the number of phases in the electrical network, the wires are painted in colors:
  • Red.
  • Black.
  • Brown.
  • Gray.
  • Orange.
  • White.
  • Turquoise.
  • Purple.
• In electrical engineering, the phase has a red, black or white color.

ATTENTION: PUE standards apply to electrical engineering and electrical appliances in Russia, Ukraine and Belarus. Other countries may have their own markings, as well as other symbols. A product that is not intended for sale on the territory of Russia and the CIS countries should be checked according to the instruction manual, or using the “ringing” method using a multimeter.

Letter designation

PUE standards also include the letter designation of wires. For AC 220V or 380V, the wires are marked:

• Earth - "RE".
• Zero is "0" or "N".
• Phase - "L".

For a multi-phase cable, the wires are indicated in sequence from L1 to Ln, where N is the number of phases. The marking and color of the wire may differ from the specified standards.

Wire color options, as well as switching errors

The color color and marking of wires may differ from modern PUE standards due to:

1. PEN marking. Common case. It can be found on old wires and electrical wiring diagrams. This is a TN-C earthing system. It involves the union of two wire cores - ground and zero. The circuit is convenient for installation, but dangerous in terms of a short circuit. TN-C system wires are marked PEN. The only wire to zero and ground is colored yellow-green with bright blue marks on the ends of the wire.
2. Wiring marked according to the requirements and standards of other countries. So in the USA, the marking of zero and earth may have a different color:
   1. Zero - white/grey color.
   2. Ground - Bare Copper/Green/Green Yellow/White.
3. Wiring in substandard or counterfeit electrical products. Products from third world countries may have different colors. Workers in clandestine factories make wiring from whatever they have on hand. Therefore, it is necessary to disassemble and repair such products with extreme caution.
4. Electrical network installed according to PUE rules. Unfortunately, such cases also happen. Self-taught electricians, or non-professional specialists, do the wiring “anyhow”. Incorrect connections are dangerous, they can lead to failure of electrical equipment, short circuits, electric shocks of the consumer.

IMPORTANT: Incorrect switching of wires or confusion in marking entails administrative responsibility and a fine. If you have installed poor-quality wiring, in which case there was a short circuit or failure of electrical appliances, you can go to court. The judicial authority will order damages and fines for an unscrupulous installation company.

To be sure which cable core is responsible for what, you need to know the methods for determining. For this you will need basic knowledge electrical engineering and a minimum set of indicator tools.

How to determine phase, zero and ground if single-color wires are not marked

Often wire definition in a visual way is not possible. A similar situation can be observed when replacing wiring in houses built during the Soviet era. Having removed the socket or switch, a person finds two or three wires of the same white color.

To resolve the contradiction that has arisen, you will need an indicator screwdriver or a multimeter. The first tool will allow you to determine the working phases under load. Phase and zero are searched for by touching a bare wire with a screwdriver. If the light comes on, it means that this wire is under load. Zero will not give signals.

To determine the ground using a device - a multimeter. It sets the value of the alternating current to over 220V. One of the contacts of the tool is attached to the phase, the second in turn to the remaining wires. Zero will fix the voltage of 220V or higher. Earth will show significantly less than 220V.

In new buildings, sockets with marked wires are installed, as this is required by SNiP 3.05.06-85 and GOST 10434-82.

IMPORTANT: Be careful when you turn off the household power supply in your apartment or house to check the wires. Sometimes the machines in the switchboard are installed incorrectly. They are cut into a gap of zero, not a phase - electrical appliances in the house will not work, but the voltage from the phase will not go anywhere. It is necessary not only to turn off the machine, but also to watch the change in the load on the wires inside the apartment using an indicator screwdriver.

These methods allow you to identify wires in a household AC electrical network. Consider the marking of DC cables.

Coloring of wires in a DC network

In a DC network, only two cores are used:

• Positive bus (denoted by "+").
• Negative bus (denoted by “-”).

According to regulatory documents, the wires and tires of a positive charge are painted red, and the wires and tires of a negative charge must be blue tint. The middle conductor (M) is indicated in blue.

INFO: In three-phase networks, busbars and high-voltage bushings of transformers at power stations and substations are colored: yellow - wires and busbars with phase "A", green - with phase "B", red - with phase "C".

Conclusion

Visual identification of wiring is a simple matter. The main thing is to know which color is responsible for what. For safety reasons, it is worth checking the wires for the presence of phase and ground before starting work with them. Incorrect switching of the wire strands can lead to a short circuit or burnout of the connected electrical equipment.

Working with electricity, you can see that the strands of wires are painted in different colours. Interestingly, the colors never repeat, regardless of the number of conductors in one sheath. Why this is done and how not to get confused in the color variety - this is our today's article.

The essence of the color marking of wires

Working with electricity is a serious matter, as there is a risk of electric shock. To the common man it’s not so easy to deal with, because by cutting the cable, you can see that all the cores have a different color. This approach is not an invention of manufacturers in order to distinguish their products from competitors, but is very important when installing electrical wiring. To avoid confusion with the color of the cable cores, all the variety of colors is reduced to one standard - PUE. The electrical installation rules state that wire cores must be differentiated by color or alphanumeric designation.

Color marking allows you to determine the purpose of each wire, which is extremely important when switching. Correct connection lived among themselves, as well as during installation wiring accessories, helps to avoid serious consequences, such as a short circuit, electric shock or even a fire. Properly connected wires help to subsequently carry out repairs and maintenance without problems.

According to the rules, the color of the wires is present along the entire length. However, in reality, you can find electrical wires painted in one color. Most often this is found in the old housing stock, where aluminum wiring is laid. To solve problems with the color designation of each individual core, a heat-shrinkable tube or electrical tape of different colors is used: black, blue, yellow, brown, red, etc. Multi-colored marking is done at the junction points of the wires and at the ends of the cores.

Before talking about the color difference, it is worth mentioning the designation of wires with letters and numbers. A phase conductor in a single-phase AC network is indicated by the Latin letter "L" (Line). In a three-phase circuit, phases 1, 2 and 3 will be respectively designated "L1", "L2", "L3". The grounding phase conductor is designated by the abbreviation "LE" in a single-phase network and "LE1", "LE2", "LE3" in a three-phase network. The neutral wire is assigned the letter "N" (Neutral). The neutral or protective conductor is designated "PE" (Protect Earth).

Ground wire color code

According to the rules of use electrical equipment, all of it must be connected to a network that has a ground wire. It is in this situation that the manufacturer's warranty will apply to the equipment. According to the PUE, the protection is in a yellow-green shell, and the color stripes must be strictly vertical. In a different location, such products are considered non-standard. Often you can find cores with a sheath of bright yellow or green color in the cable. In this case, they are used as grounding.

Interesting! A hard single-core ground wire is colored green with a thin yellow stripe, but in a soft stranded one, on the contrary, yellow is used as the main one, and green acts as an additional one.

In some countries, it is allowed to install a ground conductor without a sheath, but if you come across a green-yellow cable with a blue braid and the PEN designation, then you have ground combined with neutral. Be aware that ground is never connected to devices protective shutdown located in the distribution box. The ground wire is connected to the ground bus, to the housing or the metal door of the switchboard.

On the diagrams, you can see a different designation of grounding, so to avoid confusion, we recommend that you use the following memo:

A separate color for the neutral wire and a variety of colors for the phase

As evidenced by the PUE, for the neutral wire, which is often called zero, a single color designation is allocated. This color is blue, and it can be bright or dark and even blue - it all depends on the manufacturer. Even on color schemes, this wire is always drawn in blue. In the switchboard, the neutral is connected to the neutral bus, which is connected to the meter directly, and not using the machine.

According to GOST, the colors of the phase wires can have any color except for blue, yellow and green, since these colors refer to zero and ground. This approach helps to distinguish the phase wire from the rest, since it is the most dangerous at work. Current flows through it, so it is extremely important to provide the correct designation in order to work safely. Most often, phase cores in a three-core cable are indicated in black or red. The PUE does not prohibit the use of other colors, with the exception of colors intended for zero and earth, therefore, sometimes you can find a phase core in the following shells:

• brown;
• gray;
• purple;
• pink;
• white;
• orange;
• turquoise.

If the colors are mixed up

We have given the basic rules for marking L, N, PE lived in an electrician by color, but it often happens that not all craftsmen follow the rules for installing electrical wiring. Among other things, there is a possibility that the electrical wires have changed with different color phase core or even a single-color cable. How not to make a mistake in such a situation and make the correct designation of zero, phase and ground? best options in this case, the wires will be labeled according to their purpose. It is necessary with the help of cambric (heat shrink tubes) to designate all the elements that depart from the switchboard and follow into the dwelling. The work may take a long time, but it's worth it.

To work on identifying the ownership of the cores, an indicator screwdriver is used - this is the simplest tool, which is elementary to use for subsequent marking of the phases. We take the device and with its metal tip we touch the bare (!) Core. The indicator on the screwdriver will only light up if you have found a phase wire. If the cable is two-core, then there should be no more questions, because the second conductor is zero.

Important! Any electrical cable always has L and N cores, regardless of the number of wires inside.

If a three-wire wire is being examined, a multimeter is used to find the ground and neutral wires. As you know, there may be electricity in the neutral conductor, but its doses will hardly exceed 30V. To measure on the multimeter, you must set the AC voltage measurement mode. After that, with one probe they touch the phase conductor, which was determined with the help of an indicator screwdriver, and with the second - to the remaining ones. The conductor that showed the lowest value on the device will be zero.

If it turned out that the voltage in the remaining wires is the same, you must use the resistance measurement method, which will determine the ground. For work, only cores will be used, the purpose of which is unknown - the phase wire is not involved in the test. The multimeter is switched to the resistance measurement mode, after which one probe touches a deliberately grounded and cleaned to metal element (this can be, for example, a heating battery), and the second probe touches the wires. Ground should not exceed 4 ohms while neutral will be higher.

The wires in the electrical wiring are color-coded, which allows the electrician to quickly find zero, phase and ground. If these contacts are not connected to each other correctly, a short circuit may occur, and in some cases a person is struck electricity. therefore color marking wire creates safe conditions for electrical work, and besides, it significantly reduces the time of searching and connecting contacts. Currently, according to the rules for the installation of electrical installations (PUE) and the necessary European standards, each wire must have its own specific color.

What are colored wires for?

Specific colors in electrics are not chosen by chance. Colored wiring is necessary for safe electrical work to avoid short circuits and electric shock. Former conductor color was black or white, as a result, it brought great inconvenience to electricians. When disconnecting, it was necessary to supply power to the conductors, after which zero and phase were determined using the control. The use of coloring took all that pain away because everything became very clear.

Color marking is almost always applied along the entire length of the conductor. It helps to establish the purpose of each conductor to a specific group in order to facilitate their switching. There are three types of wires in an electrician: phase, zero and ground.

What does the ground and zero wire look like

According to the PUE, earth wire has the following colors:

• yellow-green;
• yellow;
• green.

You should be aware that manufacturers also apply yellow-green stripes to such a conductor in the longitudinal and transverse directions. On wiring diagram grounding is indicated by the Latin letters "PE". Quite often, grounding is called zero protection, and it should not be confused with zero working.

In a single-phase and three-phase electrical network, the wire zero is usually indicated in blue or blue-white color. On the electrical circuit, zero is indicated by the Latin letter "N". Zero is also called a neutral or zero working contact.

Phase wire marking (L) is presented in the following colors:

But most often the phase conductor has brown, white and black color.

How to distinguish zero and "ground"

Zero differs from grounding in that an electric current flows through it during the connection of the load, and the “ground” is used to protect against electric shock, which does not flow through this conductor, and is connected to the instrument cases.

Wires "ground" and zero can be distinguished in the following ways:

• Using an ohmmeter, measure the resistance on the ground conductor (which usually does not exceed 4 ohms). Before doing this, make sure that there is no voltage between the measuring points.
• Using a voltmeter, measure the voltage between the phase conductor and the two remaining wires in turn. In this case, the "earth" is always of great importance.
• If it is necessary to measure the voltage between "ground" and any grounded device (for example, a battery central heating or the body of the electrical panel), then the voltmeter will show absolutely nothing. And if the same method is applied to zero, a small voltage will arise.

If the wiring has only 2 wires, then it will always be phase and zero.

If you need to install or replace an outlet, it is not necessary to determine the phase, because it doesn't matter which side you connect it from. The situation is completely different with the switch from the chandelier, because it is the phase that needs to be supplied to it, and only zero to the lamps.

If the color of the phase zero wires is exactly the same, then the conductors are determined using an indicator screwdriver, in which the handle is made of transparent plastic, and a diode is installed inside. Before determining the conductors, the room or house is de-energized, the wires at the ends are stripped and pulled apart, otherwise they may accidentally touch and a short circuit will occur.

Thereafter connect electricity, take a screwdriver by the handle, and index and thumb put on the contact on the back of the socket. Then it is necessary to touch the bare wire with the metal end of the screwdriver and follow its reaction. If the light is on, then this is a phase, if not - zero. However, such a screwdriver will not be able to determine the conductors if there is a third wire - ground.

Conclusion

The use of color coding in electrics has made life much easier for people who, for various reasons, need to know which wires are live. However, you should still be careful when working with electricity, so that later there are no sad consequences.