Today, the X-TEPLO portal presents its readers with an expert review of the updated line of pellet boilers popular in Russia, manufactured under the brand. The brand of these boilers has long won the trust of the consumer in the market, so we do not pass by, share our impressions about the updated PELLET series.

It is impossible to achieve revolutionary changes in the technologies of pellet boilers today, therefore, all of them, which is logical, are concentrated around the comfort of operation, as well as aesthetic advantages. Pyrolysis Master went both ways.

The first thing that the consumer notices is the appearance, which has been dramatically improved thanks to the new design. According to our information, the manufacturer involved European specialists in the field of industrial design to develop the design.

The second and more significant change was the new boiler automation. The updated controller in the new Pyrolysis Master line of pellet stoves, manufactured at a German plant in Poland, can now not only control the operation of the boiler, but also supports remote control through all modern communication channels, including a room thermostat. Now the consumer can "command" the boiler through SMS messages, using a computer via the Internet, as well as directly from the bedroom, setting a comfortable air temperature on the room thermostat.

Improvements also affected the burner, which in boilers of this brand is one of the most unpretentious pellet burners on the market in relation to the quality of the fuel used. On the manufacturer's website, you can find a video of the operation of the burners, having studied which, you can be convinced of the omnivorous nature of this design. However, changes in boilers affected not only in terms of unpretentiousness. It's about durability.

We requested photos of the new burner, which show that all the "dry zones" of the steel surfaces of the burner have become 2 times thicker. For the consumer, this means one thing - the service life of the burner without replacing consumables will be the same as that of the boiler itself. This improvement, in our opinion, is key.

Burner operation example

For those who want to get more information about these boilers, we suggest moving down the article, where we will tell you more about the model range and design. It will be interesting, join us!

Model range of the PELLET series

A series of hot water boilers with burners for burning pellets of any quality, developed in 2015, includes 15 models, different in thermal output, but similar in design. The power range of all presented boilers of this series is in the range from 15 to 500 kW, which allows them to be used for heating domestic, public and industrial buildings with a total area of ​​​​up to 5000 square meters. meters, and when installed in cascades, the heated area is not limited.

The design consists of the following main elements:

• steel boiler with a 5-way heat exchanger - it should be noted, the only one on the market;
• fuel bunker;
• conveyor with two screws for feeding pellets into the furnace;
• cast iron burner;
• fan for air supply;
• automatic and emergency safety devices.

As additional equipment, a chimney is required, the internal section of which depends on the power of the equipment and the maximum possible amount of combustion products.

Purpose of equipment

Steel heating boilers of the PELLET series are designed for heating the heat carrier in heating systems with a design operating temperature of up to 90 ° C and a pressure of up to 2.0 kg / cm 2, as well as for preparing hot water through an indirect heating heat exchanger. The choice of the required boiler power is made depending on the calculated heat losses of the building and the level of hot water consumption.

Fuels used

To obtain thermal energy, granular pellets of any quality are used as the main type. Additional types can be small wood waste, sunflower husks, etc. The PELLET DUO series provides for the possibility of burning firewood on the grate included in the delivery.

Design features

Especially for the PELLET series, a special design of the heat exchanger was developed, which forms a 5-way movement of hot flue gases inside the furnace. In this case, the cooled coolant from the return line enters at the rear in the lower part of the heat exchanger and passes through it upwards, all the while moving towards flue gases with a higher temperature.

Thanks to this, it was possible to achieve a significant decrease in the temperature of the flue gases and increase the efficiency up to 92%. This indicator can be considered objective, because. the heat transfer area is really impressive.

In the words of the consumer, such a high efficiency means high savings in pellet consumption, and hence your money for heating.

The body is made of high quality boiler steel with a thickness of 6-8 mm and is characterized by high strength and durability. Thermal insulation inside the structure reliably retains heat and eliminates unacceptable losses to the surrounding space. For convenient maintenance of the furnace and cleaning it from soot, service hatches and sufficient distances between the elements of the heat exchanger are provided.

Steel fuel hopper and pellet feeder

In the basic configuration, the volume of the bunker is selected in such a way as to ensure continuous operation of any model during the day at maximum load without adding pellets. However, it is possible to order a bunker with an increased volume, up to 10 thousand liters. Loading of granules is made through the top reclining hatch.

Feeding into the furnace occurs by means of a mechanical device with two screws, which are located on axes of different heights. An air gap in the pellet supply channel to the burner brings the fire safety level up to 100%, eliminating the possibility of flame penetration through the transport channel into the pellet hopper.

The first upper auger takes the pellets from the fuel hopper and transfers them to the second auger below. The lower mechanism delivers pellets directly to combustion. The operation of the augers is separate and is performed automatically.

The fuel bunker can be installed on the right or left side of the boiler. This will provide more convenient access to the loading hatch in small boiler rooms.

Pyrolysis Master pellet burners use a horizontal type retort burner made of heat-resistant cast iron. Its design and operational advantages include:

1. automatic ignition using a heating element;
2. mechanical removal of ash residue after fuel combustion;
3. forced air supply for combustion, which ensures complete combustion;
4. long service life due to the use of heat-resistant materials of large thickness;
5. the possibility of efficient combustion of various types of granulated and other crushed dry fuels.

The automated operation of the combustion air supply fan increases the pressure of the flue gases inside the furnace and improves the draft in the chimney.

Summarizing the above about the burner, it must be said that it is not unique in design and corresponds to many analogues used in boiler brands popular in Europe. It is worth noting that such a tray-type device for burning pellets and biomass is very practical among all the solutions offered on the market.

Automation and security

Boilers of the PELLET series are equipped with automation manufactured by the Polish-German microelectronics plant, which produces almost all automation for boilers manufactured in Europe. The basic set of automatic control provides:

• timely rotation of screws for feeding granules;
• coolant temperature control;
• regulation of the amount of air supplied to combustion;
• air temperature control and required power level;
• control of the circulation pump of the heating system;
• regulation of hot water temperature in an indirect boiler or other indirect heat exchangers.

Additionally, each boiler of this series can be equipped with a control device via the Internet or sending SMS messages. If necessary, a room thermostat can be supplied with the ability to control the temperature in the room. Safe operation is ensured by the installation of a safety relief valve and an emergency thermostat.

Recommendations for the use of PELLET boiler systems in heating systems

Pellet boilers can be considered as alternative sources of thermal energy that can provide cost-effective heat supply instead of installed gas equipment. They are operated in a completely autonomous mode or when connected in parallel with already installed gas equipment. For the use of solid fuel devices, it is necessary to provide for a separate fireproof and well-ventilated room.

Boilers Pyrolysis Master PELLET 15, 20, 30, 40 and 50

This group of boilers is designed to provide heat in the heating systems of residential buildings of individual buildings with a total area of ​​up to 500 m 2. The presence of a basic fuel bunker will ensure efficient combustion of pellets during the day without reloading. At the request of the customer, it is possible to equip the hopper with a larger volume, which will increase the time between its periodic downloads.

To ensure normal operation, two rooms are required:

• a furnace or boiler room in which a boiler, a fuel bunker, a circulation pump and other necessary equipment are installed;
• fireproof ventilated warehouse for fuel storage.

The chimney can be free-standing or built-in (attached) to the building structures of the building.

The level of equipment automation allows the boiler to be operated with minimal human intervention. You simply pour the required amount of pellets into the fuel bunker, set the desired coolant temperature on the automatic controller, and that's it - the automation independently ignites the pellets, brings the boiler to operating mode and maintains the temperature you set. If pellets are added to the bunker in a timely manner, then the autonomous operation of the boiler will last until the end of the heating season.

Boilers PELLET 60, 80, 100, 120 and 160

A group of boilers with a heat output of 60-160 kW is designed for heating public, office, industrial, commercial and other buildings with a total area of ​​600-1600 m 2 .

Perhaps this is the most economical group of boilers, which is a strong argument for the commercial sector when choosing a boiler model. At high capacities, Pyrolysis Master boilers with high efficiency (92%) provide significant fuel savings, and in monetary terms, this is 10-20% less than the cost of buying pellets. Not to mention the opportunity to purchase the cheapest ones - any will burn. It should be noted that fuel costs are approximate and are taken in comparison with boilers that do not have such a developed heat exchanger.

Boilers PELLET 200, 250, 320, 400 and 500

This group of the most powerful boiler equipment with a capacity of 200-500 kW is designed for operation as part of heating systems for buildings with a total area of ​​​​2000 m 2 and the ability to work in cascades, which will allow heating any given area. Installation can only be carried out on the basis of agreed design solutions and by specialized installation organizations with the appropriate SRO approvals.

To store the necessary fuel reserves, a separate well-ventilated room should be provided. A solid fuel boiler plant can be placed in the same furnace together with gas or other types of boilers. In this case, the use of a single group of circulation pumps is allowed.

Unlike gas equipment, solid fuel pellet boilers are allowed to be installed in rooms whose floor level is below ground level.

The operation of pellet mills of this power group implies the organization of transportation of pellets to the operational bunker through automated transport systems. The manufacturer is ready to offer large bunkers for the main warehousing with screw conveyors to the operational bunker of the boiler.

Loading pellets into a complete fuel bunker is able to provide stable heating during the day at maximum load. At the request of the customer, the installation can be equipped with a bunker of increased volume up to 5000 or 10000 liters, which will significantly increase the pause time between periodic loads.

Conclusion

In places where there are no centralized gas supply systems, solid fuel heating boilers are very popular. They are much more attractive than liquid ones on diesel fuel, since fuel costs are lower. Pellet boilers with automatic feeding are in the lead in the rating of user choice. They win the comparison on a whole set of evaluation criteria. Especially if you create a system that does not require intervention in its work for the entire heating season.

Pellet fuel

Pellets are compressed, crushed wood. The granules are 6-8 mm in diameter and 50-70 mm in length (average). No adhesives or foreign chemical additives are used in the manufacture of fuel cells. The production technology is as follows:

• wood waste is thoroughly dried;
• after grinding, the second drying cycle occurs, during which the moisture content of the raw material is brought to 2-3%;
• in a special installation, small sawdust is exposed to high temperature, pressure, steam;
• when pressed, oils and resins are released from wood, which work as a natural adhesive, connecting sawdust into a fairly strong granule with a moisture index of up to 15%.

• what types of pellet burners boilers are used;
• type of fuel supply system;
• characteristics of the ash removal structure.

When using a non-recommended class of pellets, the boiler will reduce efficiency and require maintenance procedures. This is not at all desirable to observe during the heating season. A correctly selected pellet boiler, provided with automatic fuel supply and ash removal, will not require intervention in its work.

Sunflower husk pellets

The mass market offers not only pellets created exclusively from wood residues, which are considered high quality fuels. In practice, you can buy pellets made from sunflower husks, buckwheat, and other cereals, containing crushed seeds of various fruit crops. The nature of the feedstock affects the amount of heat released during combustion and the mass of fuel that the pellet boiler will consume per day, week, month.

How does a pellet boiler work

The principle of operation of the pellet boiler

There are several schemes for the operation of pellet boilers. Classical - involves the pyrolysis of fuel, the decomposition of wood-containing raw materials at a low oxygen content. The gas formed during this process serves as the main energy carrier and is burned in a special chamber.

A classic-type pellet boiler is rarely found on the modern market. It requires a powerful power supply (the processing of pellets is carried out constantly by heating with a heating element), is sensitive to fuel quality, and is equipped with automatic metered air supply to the pyrolysis chamber. The equipment is difficult to set up, provides for periodic maintenance and diagnostics.

A medium-capacity domestic and industrial pellet boiler, which can be bought in stores, operates according to the double combustion of fuel and flue gas. Everything works like this:

• pellets are fed into the primary heating chamber. Pyrolysis takes place in it, under the influence of high temperature, combustible gas is released from the heating element granules, the ignition procedure takes place;
• The flue gas formed during the pyrolysis enters the secondary afterburner, where the pellet burners are located. They can be of different types, for example, volumetric, directed (torch), fireplace;
• pellets are fed into the afterburning zone by auger, they are exposed to the direct action of the flame and burn out almost completely.

The efficiency that a boiler has depends directly on the type of burner and the quality of the fuel. In good systems, one kilogram of pellets burned can produce as much heat as half a liter of diesel fuel.

How do the efficiency of boilers with different burners differ?

Fuel supply to the pellet boiler

From what pellet burners of boilers are used in the equipment - its efficiency depends. The most efficient are systems where a volumetric burner is used (it is also a retort burner). Boilers of this design allow the use of low quality pellets.

Boilers with a flare (directional) nozzle have average efficiency indicators, and the lowest ones are found in fireplace insert installations, where pellets burn naturally, in an isolated area, while flue gases are burned in a separate chamber. For these types of installations, the use of high quality fuel is recommended.

Despite the low efficiency indicators in their class, pellet boilers with a fireplace chamber have an undoubted advantage: they smoothly release heat, operate silently and can be installed even in the residential area of ​​​​houses.

What should automation provide?

Pellet boiler automation

Depending on the wishes of the owner, you can build a system of any complexity. Automation provides the following individual functions:

1. Temperature control of the heat carrier and exhaust gases of the boiler (it determines the need for cleaning).
2. Supply of pellets from the storage hopper.
3. Removal of ash residues.
4. Notification of system owners about the occurrence of emergency and critical situations.
5. Remote control of heating operation parameters.

In order not to dwell on this issue in the future, we will consider what can be understood as a storage bin. There are two main options:

• in the room where the solid fuel pellet heating boiler is located, a steel container with a conical output from below is mounted to supply pellets to the screw system;
• storage bin is a small room. Pellets are poured into it through the loading window, the amount of fuel supply is calculated so that it is enough for the heating season. In this case, the pellets are fed by an auger or vacuum pump into a small intermediate hopper.

If it is decided to make a pantry or other room for placing a supply of pellets, it is necessary to ensure the microclimate parameters recommended by the fuel manufacturer for long-term storage of pellets.

Types of pellet boilers by degree of automation

There are fully automatic and semi-automatic boilers.

On the market you can buy a number of ready-made solutions, partially or fully automated pellet boilers. May be offered:

• system of control and screw feeding of granules;
• storage hopper, the volume of which is designed for several days of boiler operation, pellet supply system, automatic parameters control and notification;
• a complete set of automatic tools, which include systems for remote control, diagnostics, control, notification and ash removal.

Important: solid fuel wood pellet heating units (except for a separate segment of models with fireplace combustion chambers) require power supply for electronic components, a blower and a fuel supply system. The problem of uninterrupted power supply is easily solved by purchasing special UPS, which will be offered by both the manufacturer of pellet boilers and many other companies.

Consider the features and capabilities of equipment options with varying degrees of automation.

Mechanized pellet boilers

Mechanical pellet boiler

This type of semi-automatic boiler will be attractive to those who are limited in finances and are willing to devote time to cleaning and maintaining the system. The units do not impose strict requirements on the quality of fuel, the storage hopper is designed for a day or two of work. The owner needs to devote 5 to 15 minutes a day to cleaning the heat exchanger, reloading fuel, controlling ignition after the start command.

The main advantage of mechanized boilers is versatility. It is immediately laid down by the manufacturer. Installations not only work on pellets of any quality, but are also equipped with separate fireboxes for burning firewood, granulated coal, and other energy carriers in manual mode.

Semi-automatic pellet boilers

Semi-automatic pellet boiler

More complex installations require minimal maintenance. The manufacturer does not offer a ready-made storage bin. The systems are equipped with screw or vacuum feed, automatic ignition and control of boiler operation parameters.

The owner is required to independently organize a storage bin or a storage room for pellets, as well as spend approximately 20 minutes per week cleaning the unit from ash. This figure is based on the experience of operating boilers on DINPlus class fuel, such pellets are high quality products.

Fully automatic boilers

Fully automatic pellet boiler

The most advanced systems do not require the intervention of the owner. Everything is automated: fuel supply, ignition, ash removal, in which the waste is compressed, does not produce dust, and decreases in volume.

When a fully automatic pellet boiler is installed in the house, it is rational to involve specialists in solving the problem. They will calculate the volume of the intermediate storage bin, install and configure the system for supplying pellets from the storage room, as well as remote control of the heating and warning system.

When purchasing a fully automated boiler, it is wise to take care of creating a pantry that will fit the amount of pellets needed to get through the heating season. It is also rational to arrange a separate place for the accumulation of ash residues.

How to estimate how much fuel you need for a season

Combustion of fuel in a boiler

To calculate the amount of fuel, they use both the standards set by SNiP and the actual experience in using heating equipment. To maintain the optimum temperature in the winter, a house insulated according to industry standards requires 100 watts of thermal power per hour per square meter. m area.

This SNiP figure is used to select any heating equipment, from oil-filled electric heaters to boilers of various classes. In practice, taking into account the experience of real operation of the equipment, the calculation is as follows:

• an average house with an area of ​​​​100 squares will require 10 kW of thermal power per hour according to a theoretical estimate;
• due to the presence of warm and cold days, the average estimated energy production can be halved, to 5 kW per hour;
• per day, a solid fuel pellet boiler must give the coolant 120 kW;
• a pellet manufacturer indicates the calorific value of his product, on average it is 5 kW per 1 kg;
• according to an average estimate per day, 24 kg of pellets will be required to heat a house.

The last step is to take into account the decrease in boiler efficiency due to the accumulation of soot and ash residues in the combustion chamber. It is rational to increase the daily energy consumption by 5% for high-quality raw materials and 10% for low-class fuel to compensate for efficiency losses. After that, the actual consumption of granules of pellet boilers for heating the house per day will be obtained.

The total mass of fuel that needs to be purchased for the passage of the season is calculated by simply multiplying the number of days by the daily consumption. The longer the time period is taken, the more accurate the calculation. If a short interval is assessed, for example, only 90-120 days with the lowest temperature, it will be necessary to take into account the climatic region, as well as the degree of insulation of the house. If there is no certainty that the building meets the norms of heat loss according to SNiP, it is recommended to increase the estimated consumption of pellet boilers by 5-10%.

Rational assessment is important

It is important to choose the right boiler

All automatic pellet boilers show good results. However, it is always worth remembering that the lower the degree of user participation in their work, the higher the price of an engineering solution. It literally grows exponentially. Therefore, an automatic household pellet boiler must be chosen rationally.

Inexpensive units will require daily cleaning, reloading and ignition in a semi-automatic mode, but they will be able to work on fuel of any quality with a stable efficiency indicator. At the opposite end of the scale are fully automated systems. They are independently cleaned, loaded, maintained and managed. However, their cost is very high.

No less popular than gas, their only drawback is considered to be a low level of automation of the combustion process. This problem can be easily solved by installing a pellet boiler with automatic fuel loading and supply in the home heating system.

These solid fuel boilers got their name due to the fuel used - pellets. They are pellets pressed under pressure from woodworking and agricultural waste: sawdust, wood chips, husks. During the production of pellets, their moisture content is regulated - finished pellets contain 12-16% moisture. it granule property ensures the efficiency of the combustion process and high efficiency of pellet boilers.

The granules are small in size and have good flowability, so that they can be fed automatically. into the boiler from a specially designed bunker. The duration of the boiler operation at one load depends on the size of the bunker, it can be from several days to two weeks, and for industrial pellet boilers - a month or more.

The device of pellet boilers as a whole does not differ from, the principle of their operation is also similar. At the same time, pellet models are equipped with a burner with a special device for automatic feeding of pellets.

Boilers with automatic pellet feeding are equipped with automatic ignition - heating element installed in the first chamber, heating the air jet, from which the smoldering of the surface of the granules begins. After ignition and the beginning of stable smoldering, the heating element is turned off.

The combustion of pellets in the boiler occurs in the pyrolysis mode- pellets in the furnace slowly smolder with a uniform and dosed air supply. The flue gases generated during smoldering are blown through the burner into the afterburner chamber by means of a fan, where they burn out, transferring heat to the walls of the heat exchanger.

Pellets burn out almost completely, leaving a small amount of ash. It enters the ash pan, which is separated from the combustion chamber by a grate. Ash removal in most household models is carried out mechanically, but some powerful boilers are equipped with automatic ash removal - a conveyor belt.

Fuel supply system for pellet boiler

Household pellet boilers with automatic pellet feeding are equipped with a built-in hopper, while the supply can be bulk, when the pellets enter the furnace under their own weight, or screw. The volume of such a bunker is small, it is usually enough for 12-48 hours. To extend the time of continuous operation of the boiler without additional loading, an external bunker of a larger volume is installed.

It can have a different design:
• A box made of metal or tarpaulin on a frame, in the lower part of which a conveyor and a damper are installed, the lifting of which occurs on a signal from the boiler controller.
• A separate room equipped with a feed mechanism can be used as an external hopper. It is convenient to place it below the ground level, for example, in the basement, and load the pellets through a hatch or a hinged window.