A private house's own heating system usually requires the construction of a chimney. The passage of the chimney through the roof must be organized in accordance with current regulations in order to ensure the safe operation of the heating system and not impair the functionality of the roof structure.

The main difficulties of installing a chimney

The chimney is used to discharge the products of combustion of various types of fuel (gas, coal, firewood, oil products, etc.). Its laying through the roof of the house should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 41-01-2003, which are partially outdated. However, this document is guided by the supervisory authorities, therefore, it is necessary to follow the standards specified in it.

A chimney outlet through the roof may be required in the following cases:

• when building a new house;
• in the process of reconstruction of the roofing system in the presence of a heating unit;
• when installing an autonomous source of heat supply in an already operated building.

If the construction of a building or the reconstruction of the roof allows you to design a chimney outlet taking into account all the requirements, then installing a chimney through a finished roof will create many problems. Usually this situation arises when the owners of the house want to install a fireplace or stove in an already finished building. If we are talking about an automatic boiler, it is recommended to create a separate extension for the boiler room, or to lead the chimney through the wall of the building.

The main difficulty in installing a chimney is that the roofing cake through which the pipe passes is largely composed of materials that are not designed for close contact with very hot objects. The composition of the roofing pie includes:

• roofing;
• crate;
• counterlattice;
• waterproofing;
• rafters;
• insulation;
• vapor barrier layer;
• inner lining.

Wood, bituminous and polymeric materials are sensitive to high temperatures, therefore, according to SNiP, the clearance between the brick, concrete or ceramic chimney pipe in insulation and the elements of the roofing pie must be at least 130 mm. If the ceramic pipe is not provided with insulation, the clearance must be at least 250 mm. It should also be noted that at the point of passage through the roof, the pipe must have a special thickening - a retreat. Accordingly, in the roofing cake, it is required to make a hole of considerable size. The gap between the pipe and the roof after the installation of the flue must somehow be reliably thermally and waterproofed.

Negative consequences

A through hole in the roofing pie significantly reduces its performance and durability, because:

• violation of the integrity of the waterproofing and vapor barrier layers leads to wetting of the insulation, while the thermal insulation characteristics of cotton materials deteriorate significantly;
• due to the rupture of the thermal insulation layer, the heat losses of the house increase;
• in the under-roof space, air exchange may be disturbed, which provokes the accumulation of moisture and further decay of the wooden elements of the roof structure;
• the resulting gap not only contributes to the penetration of rainwater into the building, but also the formation of snow pockets in winter;
• if the truss system is broken in the process of making the hole, then this largely affects the strength of the roof.

To avoid problems, the passage of the chimney through the roof should be equipped by building its own rafter system (box) around it or by installing a standard modular chimney.

Choosing a location for the chimney

When deciding how to run the chimney through the roof, it is important to correctly determine the location of its installation. It is not recommended to run chimneys in valleys, since it is very difficult to create reliable waterproofing in these places. In winter, snow actively accumulates here, which can cause damage to the junction of the flue to the roofing and leaks. In addition, the construction of a pipe truss box at the junction of the roof slopes is very difficult.

It is not necessary to remove the chimney in the immediate vicinity of the roof windows, as carbon monoxide or smoke can be carried by a gust of wind through an open window into a residential attic room.

The optimal location for the chimney is the area near the ridge. You can mount the chimney truss box with some indentation from the ridge, or the ridge beam is sawn, and special supports are installed under its ends.

The height of the chimney pipe above the roof depends on its location. The lower the pipe is installed along the roof slope, the more it should rise relative to the roof surface. SNiP "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning" contains information on the regulation of this parameter. For houses with a flat roof, the height of the chimney should be 500 mm. The parameters for pitched roofs vary: the height of the pipe installed within 1.5 meters from the ridge is 500 mm, if the chimney is installed at a distance of 1.5 - 3 meters from the ridge, then it should be flush with the ridge. For long distances, the height of the pipe is calculated as follows: its upper edge should be located 10 ° below the horizontal plane passing along the ridge.

According to SNiP, if a house with stove heating is attached (has a common wall) to a higher building, the chimney must be brought out of the roof of a tall building, regardless of its height and number of storeys.

When choosing a place for a chimney, it is recommended to take into account the angle of inclination of the roof slope and the climatic features of the region. A chimney located low on a slope can be destroyed when snow avalanches descend from the roof. If there is such a danger, it is advisable to mount separate snow retainers upstream of the chimney upstream of the chimney. In addition, the closer to the edge of the roof the chimney is located, the greater the likelihood of the formation of snow pockets behind it. Thus, installing the chimney closer to the ridge avoids a number of problems.

Chimney Features

For the manufacture of a chimney pipe can be used:

• metal pipe;
• asbestos-cement pipe;
• refractory brick.

For each type of pipe, a special system of passage through the roof is carried out, various types of waterproofing are used, which is due to the current building regulations. In addition, it is important to take into account the type of fuel used, as there is a difference in the combustion temperature of fuels of different types.

Before developing a project on how to bring the chimney through the roof, the homeowner should decide on the type of fuel used. In accordance with SNiP, it is forbidden to install a metal chimney for stoves that are fired with wood, peat, coal. In addition, the chimneys of such furnaces must be equipped with spark arresters made of metal mesh.

Experts recommend making rectangular or square chimneys - when installing them, you can use ready-made abutment clamps that protect the junction of the roof with the pipe. Planks can be selected according to the roofing material used.

Chimney box

To properly bring the chimney through the roofing pie, you should equip your own truss system around the pipe. It must be separated from the chimney at a distance specified in SNiP. The design consists of lateral rafter legs and horizontal transverse beams from below and above, which are made of a bar of the same section as the rafters.

To insulate the structure, it is necessary to use non-combustible heat-insulating materials, such as glass wool or stone wool - it is stuffed between the pipe and the wooden structural elements.

When passing the chimney through the roofing pie of the exploited roof, the vapor and waterproofing is cut crosswise, like an envelope, the edges should be tucked up and attached with nails or brackets to the rafter system.

Waterproofing the chimney on the roof requires special attention. When installing a duct for a pitched roof chimney, the vapor barrier and waterproofing membrane are fastened as follows: the edges of the films are turned up and tightly fixed with brackets to the duct; in addition, the attachment points should be additionally sealed with a sealing tape or some other adhesive material. From the outside, protective elements are mounted on top of the roofing that do not allow moisture to pass into the joints of the box with the roofing cake.

It is important to consider that the installation of the box can adversely affect the air exchange in the under-roof space. To avoid deterioration of moisture removal, additional ventilation systems can be installed, for example, ventilation tiles, roof aeration grilles, etc.

If the width of the chimney exceeds 800 mm (perpendicular to the rafters, according to the outer dimension), then a slope should be performed higher up the slope.

Razuklonka is a small private roof that drains water and snow from the pipe. Its installation is quite complicated, since all layers of insulation are part of the ramp, in addition, it should be qualitatively combined with the main roof using curly elements. To avoid mounting a slope, it is worth making a smaller pipe.

Using ready-made kits

Standard modular chimneys ("sandwich") can greatly simplify the process of passing the pipe through the roof. A wide range of materials are used for the manufacture of structures, including:

The choice of a modular chimney depends on the fuel used, as they differ significantly in their technical characteristics. The advantage of such systems is the ability to install the pipe not at a right angle. This is especially true when installing a chimney in an existing building and allows you to choose almost any place for installing a fireplace, stove or automatic boiler.

A modular chimney passes directly through the roof, consisting of such parts as:

• deflector (a device that enhances draft in the chimney by using a stream of hot air);
• clamp for stretch marks (allows you to additionally fix a high pipe on the roof);
• skirt (an element that protects the exit point of the pipe through the roof);
• roof passage (element with a fixed apron, which is directly mounted in the roofing pie).

Modular chimneys have an attractive appearance.

Steel chimneys can be installed if the temperature of the exhaust gases is not more than 500 °C. Prohibited for installation on coal-fired stoves. For asbestos-cement pipes, this parameter is 300 degrees; for coal-fired ovens, such chimneys are also unsuitable.

If the chimney is made of concrete or brick, or a prefabricated passage is installed, the structure should not be rigidly attached to the roof system. Under the influence of external factors, the roof may be deformed, and these forces will be transferred to the chimney, which may lead to its destruction. When the chimney exits through the roof, all connections between the chimney and the roof are made using flexible elements.

The passage of the pipe through the roof: brick and round

One of the most important tasks in the construction of a bath is the correct conclusion and sealing of the chimney. Moreover, two problems need to be solved simultaneously: to ensure fire safety and insulation of the pipe joint from the flow of precipitation and condensate.

First of all, before solving the problem of water passage, it is necessary to determine the place where the pipe exits on the roof. The height of the pipe must comply with certain standards. The height depends on where the pipe will exit the pitched roof.

How much to raise the pipe above the ridge of the bath?

When installing the pipe, the rule applies: "The closer to the ridge, the higher the pipe must be raised."

Elevation of the chimney above the roof plane

• If the distance from the center of the chimney to the roof ridge does not exceed 1500 mm, the chimney must be raised above the ridge not less than 500 mm;
• With a distance from the center of the pipe to the ridge from 1500 to 3000 mm, the top of the pipe can be flush with the roof ridge;
• At a distance of more than 3 meters, the top of the pipe should not be lower than a line drawn down from the ridge at an angle of 10 degrees to the horizon.

Where is it better to draw a pipe through the roof of the bath

The most convenient way to bring the pipe through the roof is to pass it through the ridge. In this case, the installation is easiest to perform, there are rarely snow pockets on the ridge, moreover, thanks to this arrangement, it is easy to carry out insulation work. But this method has a drawback: the rafter system should not have a ridge beam. The option with two beams is also suitable, which are attached in the area of ​​​​the chimney passage through the roof, but this is quite difficult to implement, and besides, it is not always possible.

The most unfortunate option for the location of the chimney is in the valley (the valley is a roof element made in a kind of tray, forming an internal angle between the joints of the pitched roof elements). Large masses of snow usually accumulate here, during rain water flows down from two slopes, so even with the most thorough insulation, the appearance of a leak is only a matter of time.

The most convenient way to bring the pipe through the roof is not far from the ridge

Based on this, the most acceptable option for pitched roofs is not far from the ridge, but below it:

• easy enough to install
• snow usually accumulates a little, which means that there is no need to install snow retention,
• installation is not the most difficult,
• due to the not very high height of the pipe, it does not need to be strengthened with stretch marks.

If it so happens that the chimney passes near the floor beams, or close to them (the minimum distance should be 13-25 cm, depending on the type of pipe), exits in the valley or close to the slope, an additional elbow can become a way out of the situation, with which you can bring the pipe to the right place.

If the bath roof is shed, the most reasonable solution would be to organize a pipe outlet through the roof near the top of the roof.

How to bring a pipe through a roofing pie

The roofs of the baths are, as a rule, solid insulation, which solves the problem of keeping warm. To ensure good heat and moisture protection properties of the roofing cake, it is necessary that the membranes and films of heat and moisture protection be continuous.

Removing the pipe through the roof, we necessarily violate their integrity. Moreover, according to fire safety standards, the distance from the pipe to combustible materials (which are vapor barrier and waterproofing films) must be at least 13-25 cm. How to get out of the situation? The best option is to separate the area where the pipe passes through the roof. To do this, additional rafter legs are fixed at the required distance from the pipe to the right and left, and transverse beams are installed from below and above at the same distance between these rafters. In this case, the pipe is in a separate box.

It often happens that "the pipe hits the rafters." In this case, the rafter leg is cut, additional rafter legs are installed, as well as transverse beams. Thus, a box is formed for the safe passage of the chimney through the roof.

The space between the pipe and the truss structure is filled with mineral wool. Only not with fiberglass - it does not tolerate high temperatures, but with basalt wool, which tolerates temperatures normally, and does not lose its heat-insulating properties when moisture enters.

At the same time, to ensure the tightness of the roofing pie within the box in which the pipe will be located, the materials are cut with an “envelope”, the edges are wrapped up to the beams and rafters, fixed with staples or nails (you can use counter-battens). To prevent the ingress of moisture, the places where the materials adhere to the wood must be additionally insulated with adhesive tapes or sealants.

The roofing cake at the passageway is cut with an “envelope” and fixed to the crate and rafters

But there is another option. If the temperature of the pipe in the area of ​​​​its passage through the roof does not exceed 50-60 ° C, you can simply glue the films of the roofing pie using all the same sealants and adhesive tapes. This is possible if, for example, a tank for heating water is installed on the pipe after leaving the furnace, or an additional heater, etc. is installed, and it is not a sandwich that goes to the roof.

In any case, to drain the condensate in the waterproofing layer, it will be necessary to attach a drainage groove. You can buy it (usually made of stainless steel), or make it yourself from a film of sufficient thickness. The groove is fixed around the pipe and its end is led out to the side. Thus, the condensate flows into this groove and is discharged onto the roof slope.

Passage through the roof depending on the roofing material and the type of chimney

When passing through the roof, the most important thing is to divert water flowing down the roof and the pipe itself. To protect against precipitation, protective aprons are used, the upper edge of which is led either under the sheet of roofing material located above, or under the ridge.

The apron is wound either under the sheet of roofing material located above or under the ridge

When leading the chimney through the roof, it must be fixed, but in such a way that it remains movable relative to the roof. Otherwise, due to thermal expansion / contraction, integrity will be violated and leaks will certainly appear. For example, a round pipe can be given direction with metal strips or corners.

When installing, check the verticality with a plumb line - this is important so that soot does not accumulate and there is good traction.

It is not necessary to fix the pipe when passing through the roof

The passage of a brick pipe through the roof

If the chimney is brick, rectangular or square, you can use the materials that come with the roofing material.

When passing a brick pipe through the roof, you can use the elements offered by the manufacturers of roofing material

If the roof is made of metal tiles, then the companies that produce it offer special tapes to seal the joint with the pipe, on one side of which an adhesive layer is applied. These elastic bands are a complex compound containing aluminum and/or lead. With one edge, such a tape is glued with an adhesive side to the base of the chimney, with the second - to the roofing crate. The upper edge is additionally fixed with a metal bar, which is attached to the brick with heat-resistant dowels.

To reduce the likelihood of water leaking along the wall, you can make a recess under the bar - a strobe. Then the tape and the bar will be in the recess. To completely eliminate water infiltration, a heat-resistant sealant is applied to the joint.

In practice, they also seal the passage of the pipe through the roof of soft tiles or roofing. But in this case, instead of an elastic band, the tile itself or roofing is brought to the chimney.

When a pipe passes through a roof covered with soft tiles, its edges are wound onto a chimney or apron

You can make an apron for a square or rectangular pipe yourself. Roofers usually use tin for this, but aluminum sheet is fine. Four separate parts are made of metal - two side, front and rear.

An apron for a rectangular or square pipe is easy to make yourself

Strips of metal are bent so that one part of it goes onto the pipe, and the second is attached to the crate. In a brick chimney, in the upper part of the apron, an edge is made, which is inserted into a special strobe and coated with sealant. So that water, flowing down the apron, does not fall on the crate and the insulation cake, a sheet of large-width metal is placed under the front of the apron, along the edges of which the sides are curved. It goes under the roofing material and is called a "tie".

If a metal tile is used on the roof, then an apron is made from a smooth sheet of the same color, the upper edge of which is tucked under the row of roofing material located above, so that water flows onto the apron, and does not flow under it. If the pipe comes out close to the ridge, you can either fill it under the ridge itself, or bend it to the other side.

There is one important nuance: if the width of the brick chimney is more than 80 cm (its size is perpendicular to the rafters), you need to make a slope - a small gable roof located above. It wicks away sediment, reducing the chance of leakage. But such a width of chimneys in a bath is more an exception than a rule.

The passage of a round pipe through the roof

Modern round chimneys in baths are usually a sandwich pipe. Occasionally, asbestos pipes can be seen on the roofs of the baths, even more rarely - a mono-pipe without thermal insulation.

A simple single-wall, which is removed through the roof, carries a very high probability of a fire. Therefore, it is highly undesirable to use this option.

Modern round pipes are usually sandwich pipes

The video below shows a pipe sealing option when installed on a metal roof.

If metal tiles are used as a roofing material, then often manufacturers also offer roof passages. They are made from a sheet of the same color and are connected to a special cap through which the pipe passes.

The passage of the pipe through the roof of the metal tile

It is easy and simple to seal a round pipe on the roof if you use a factory penetration. It is an aluminum flange to which an elastic part made of rubber or silicone is attached.

Prefabricated penetrations - the easiest option for sealing the junction of the pipe and the roof

They come in different sizes and have different angles of inclination. You can choose for any diameter, type of roof and installation location. The penetration flange is covered with a composition similar to the composition of the corrugated part, there are grooves along the edges into which they are filled with sealant. One of the penetrations - "Master Flash" has 11 sizes, which cover diameters from 3 to 660 millimeters.

Penetration "Master Flash" MASTER FLASH

When installing such a penetration, a part of the corrugation is cut off in accordance with the desired diameter. Then it is put on the pipe. Rubber should go with effort to ensure a snug fit. Since the hole is less than the diameter of the pipe by about 20%, you have to pull hard. To make less effort, you can lubricate both with soapy water.

How to install factory penetration

After the corrugation is stretched to the right place, the flange is given the required shape - the material is plastic and you can use a hammer, but you need to work carefully.

Using a hammer, the flange is given the required shape.

Then the grooves located from the inside are filled with sealant, the edges are pressed against the roofing material and fixed (self-tapping screws are included). If the roofing material is not made of iron, self-tapping screws are not suitable. It is necessary to use either long self-tapping screws that will reach the crate, or dowels for floor slabs.

Split model

There are quite a few options for factory-made penetrations, there are detachable models. They are used when there are thickenings on the pipe or when it is necessary to mount it on an already assembled chimney of great height. In this version, the kit includes clamps that connect the parts of the through passage to each other. The rest of the installation is similar.

The video shows how to seal a normal slate roof penetration with the MASTER FLASH corner penetration.

Roof sealants

In order to seal the joints of different parts of the passage of the bath pipe through the roof, it is necessary to use not just a roof sealant, but a heat-resistant sealant. Preferably a neutral silicone heat-resistant sealant.

If Master Flash is installed on a metal roof (metal tile or metal profile), then it is necessary to use a silicone sealant that does not contain vinegar (acetic-free sealant). This is necessary so that it does not enter into a chemical reaction with the metal and does not destroy it.

Roofing silicone sealant maintains its properties in the range from -50 ° C to +300 ° C, which is sufficient for all weather conditions and is quite suitable for sealing the chimney.

Roof sealant must be neutral and heat resistant

But you need to remember that the surface to be treated must be clean and dry. The full curing time is indicated on the packaging, usually 24 hours.

Fire safety precautions when using MASTER FLASH

MASTER FLASH made of silicone can withstand temperatures up to +300 degrees Celsius. This is quite enough to seal the sandwich pipe and, in many cases, the chimney from the asbestos-cement pipe.

The passage through the metal tile is sealed with Master Flash. Additionally used bitumen tape

As for the metal mono-pipe, in these cases it is possible to use MASTER FLASH in cases where the length of the chimney from the stove to the place of passage through the roof is at least 3 meters. As a rule, in this scenario, the temperatures will not be critical, but if not, then thermal insulation of the section that passes through the roofing pie is necessary.

Before reaching the roof, the pipe also passes through the ceiling. It is not difficult to make a ceiling cut correctly: there are factory feed-through nodes, but you can do without them.

How to bring a pipe through the roof of a bathhouse: brick, round, sandwich, how much to raise, passage nodes, master flash

The chimney of a sauna stove is very flammable. It is necessary to bring it out through the roof correctly: observe fire tolerances and not violate the tightness. How

Proper installation of a chimney on the roof

Most stove builders will surely agree that installing a chimney on a roof is one of the most difficult jobs. In addition to professionalism, the implementation of this process requires: the ability to correctly calculate and determine the place for installing the pipe, understanding how the roofing pie is arranged and knowledge of the basic requirements regulated by GOST and SNiP.

• How to bring a chimney through the roof?

How to bring a brick chimney through the roof

In order for the work to be done efficiently, and not to have to redo your own mistakes, you need to follow a few simple recommendations:

1. Planning - even with a “spontaneous” repair, there should still be a time when you should stop and think: where exactly the stove will be located, how the smoke exhaust system will be made. Where will the chimney go on the roof? The calculation will make it possible to calculate what height of the chimney above the roof will be sufficient to provide the necessary traction.

The passage of a metal chimney through the roof

Installation and installation of an iron chimney through the roof is a process that does not tolerate haste. The master needs to understand the features of each roof with which he will have to work. The essence of the work is reduced to two important principles:

1. After installing the chimney, the integrity of the roof must not be lost, in other words, it is necessary to avoid a situation in which, after the first rain, the roof will leak. Often the water runs straight down the installed chimney. At the same time, the waterproofing of a chimney on a slate roof differs significantly from how the same operation is performed on a metal tile or soft bituminous roof.

• Waterproofing a brick chimney - a special plate is used for it. For a slate roof, you will need to make a special pedestal around the chimney. A plate is laid on top of it on a sealant for sealing.

What is the height of the chimney from the ridge

The presence of draft in the stove, the rapid heating of the pipe, and the slow settling of soot on the back of the structure depend on the correctly calculated height of the chimney. These norms are strictly regulated by GOST and SNiP. In particular, the regulations specify the following requirements:

• Installation of the chimney at a distance of up to 1.5 m from the ridge. The edge of the chimney must protrude above the top of the roof by at least 0.5 m.

How to fix a chimney on a roof

Bypassing the chimney and its waterproofing is carried out as follows:

How to cut a chimney on a roof

The connection of the pipe and the roof and its subsequent waterproofing can be performed both independently and with the help of ready-made structures. Each type of roofing material has its own way of performing these works.

• Materials for waterproofing the joints of the roof with a chimney. For metal and soft roofing, it is best to use units and special compounds made by the same manufacturer. The joints on the slate roof can be treated with mastic, if necessary, you can fill them with concrete, and pour resin on top.

Roof chimney lining

Finishing the pipe on the roof can be done with facing bricks. The resulting design will resemble a classic chimney. The only requirement will be to make a base for a chimney apron on a roof made of metal or other material. It is best that such a design comes from the very bottom, in extreme cases, rests on the floor slab.

The device of the chimney on the roof, how to correctly bring the chimney through the roof

Work on the installation of a chimney on the roof can be a real test of the professionalism of the master. To carry out the installation of the chimney pipe, you can use both ready-made structures

How to make the passage of the chimney through the roof

Location of the chimney

According to experts, the most optimal option is a chimney near the ridge. Thanks to this, it will be possible to ensure minimal accumulation of snow around the chimney pipe and completely eliminate leakage in the junction area.

In addition, the height of the chimney in this case is small, which leads to a decrease in the influence of negative external factors on the design of the device. According to building regulations, the height of the chimney above the roof depends on the height of the chimney.

It is not recommended to organize the passage of the chimney pipe through the roof in such places:

• next to the dormer windows, since even a weak wind will bring carbon monoxide into the attic;
• at the junction of two slopes, where it is almost impossible to ensure a high-quality connection to the pipe.

Features of the output of the chimney through the roof

For the correct and high-quality output of the chimney, the basic requirements of SNiP must be observed. Of course, some parts of the document could be outdated, but it is in accordance with its provisions that the inspection services will check you.

When is the chimney going through the roof required? This may be required when building a new house or renovating the roof. In addition, laying a chimney through the roof is an indispensable part of installing an autonomous heating system.

When building a new home, you will know the type of roof you are using. It is possible that you will have to organize a complex outlet when you need to run a chimney through a roof covered with metal tiles or usually tiles. To date, the easiest way to ensure the passage of the chimney through a sandwich roof.

If we are talking about a conventional reconstruction, then there is already a chimney and a place previously reserved for it. Of course, when building a new house, it is much easier to arrange a chimney, since you can foresee the type of roof and the place where it is better to bring the chimney.

Chimney installation methods

Having decided to bring the chimney to the roof with your own hands, remember that this is a very responsible matter. The most important task is to create good traction. Otherwise, the performance of the chimney will depend entirely on atmospheric phenomena: sometimes the stove will work without problems, and sometimes the smoke will go into the room itself, and not into the chimney.

But the most dangerous thing is that a mistake can cause a fire.

In order to provide the device with a long period of use, the chimney must be well insulated.

Such a chimney will be less affected by changes in air temperature, and most likely will not be subject to condensation.

If the roof is flat, then a pipe with a height of 500 mm is sufficient. If your house has a ridge roof, then the length of the pipe will depend on the distance to the ridge:

• if the distance is not more than 1.5 m, then you need to pick up a pipe with a height of +500 mm to the length of the ridge;
• if the distance is up to 3 m, then the pipe must be at the same level;
• for distances greater than 3 m, the length of the pipe must be determined on the basis of a sloping line, at an angle of 10 degrees.

Indoors, the chimney must be placed along walls or partitions. The device must be fastened in such a way that its horizontal sections do not exceed 1 m. In addition, the chimney must not come into contact with electrical wiring and pipelines. Proper installation starts from the boiler, so that each pipe enters the previous one. Joints are best fastened with a clamp. Ensuring the tightness of the joints is one of the most important tasks. For sealing, it is necessary to use a sealant that does not lose its properties even at too high a temperature.

Connection structures

Chimney pipes are made of various materials: refractory bricks, metal or asbestos-cement pipes. The presence of a certain material requires a special design of the passage through the roof and a different insulation system. The type of fuel in the fireplace or stove also influences the choice of design. The fact is that each type of fuel has its own combustion temperature, so first you need to choose the right fuel.

If wood or coal is used in stoves, then it is forbidden to use metal chimneys. To ensure better waterproofing, it is recommended to make square or rectangular chimneys.

A truss system is installed around the chimney. Insulation materials should be selected depending on the type of mineral wool. If the chimney passage is provided on the operated roof, then it will be necessary to cut the waterproofing. To ensure maximum reliability, the film attachment points must be subjected to additional sealing, and a sealing tape must be mounted.

That's it, now you know how to install a chimney through the roof. The passage has been made, the pipe has been brought to the roof, now you need to make sure that the roofing material fits snugly against the surface and does not let water through. For this, a special design is used - an internal apron. The installation of such an apron involves the use of internal junction strips. Usually the slats can be bought together with other components.

The correct passage of the chimney through the roof can only be done if the rules and building codes are observed.

The correct passage of the chimney through the roof can only be done if the rules and building codes are observed. What do you need to know before starting construction?

Heating devices that provide a comfortable thermal regime in the house are a severe necessity. The explanation for this lies on the surface, in most regions of our country the winter period lasts about 9 months, and that is why stoves, fireplaces, etc. are installed in many houses. But it must be remembered that such devices are a source of increased danger and there are often cases when a fire occurs due to improper chimney design. Properly executed passage of the chimney through the roof will ensure maximum safety of the building.

Rooftop passage. View from the attic

What threatens the wrong chimney device?

Before running a chimney through the roof, the homeowner must understand what consequences he can expect if there are errors made at the design or direct installation stage.

If the pipe on the roof does not provide the necessary tightness, then the moisture that will accumulate there will sooner or later lead to the destruction of the brick chimney body. The presence of excess moisture in the chimney creates favorable conditions for the reproduction of mold and other harmful microorganisms. The ingress of water into the chimney leads to a decrease in the parameters of the insulation and after drying this material will never recover. In addition, as a result of errors made during the installation of the chimney, the rafters may also suffer. Since moisture that has entered the chimney can lead to the development of foci of decay on their surface. One of the most common mistakes in arranging the exit of the chimney is the presence of gaps, leading to a violation of the air movement inside the roof.

Only a small list of troubles is indicated that a homeowner who decides to independently carry out the passage of the chimney through the roof can expect. Therefore, it makes sense to invite specialists to perform such work, who can both choose the right place and decide which way the chimney pipe exits through the roof will be optimal.

How to choose a place for the output of the pipe

In order to perform the correct passage through the roof, it is necessary to observe a number of simple conditions defined by the rules. The flue pipe must be placed at a distance of 1 to 1.5 m from the top of the roof. The height of the pipe relative to the highest point should be between 0.5 and 1.5 m. The thrust will reach its maximum if the maximum allowable pipe height is used. In general, when determining the diameter and height of the pipe, it is necessary to be guided by the requirements that the manufacturer of the heating device determines.

The chimney on the roof is a set of pipes located in vertical and horizontal planes and drawn through the ceiling. In this case, the length of horizontal sections should not exceed 1 meter. The pipe outlet must be placed between the components of the truss system in such a way as to reduce the likelihood of a significant increase in the temperature of the surrounding elements. Otherwise, the prerequisites for the appearance of a fire source will be created.

Penetration for a chimney pipe - when is its device required?

The passage through the roof is performed in the following cases:

• construction of a new building;
• roof overhaul;
• arrangement of heating devices, including stoves, in the existing building.

During the construction of a new building, there are no difficulties with the arrangement of the chimney. All necessary solutions are laid down at the design stage. Questions about how to run the chimney through the roof begin to arise when the homeowner decides to install an additional heat source (fireplace, boiler, etc.). He must solve many issues related to the arrangement of hydraulic insulation and the implementation of measures related to ensuring the fire safety of the structure. Of course, he must know how to correctly bring the pipe to the roof.

By the way, as an option, some owners of suburban real estate equip chimneys passing along the walls of buildings with their own hands. This solution is acceptable if the installed thermal equipment runs on liquid fuel. Residents will be deprived of the opportunity to inhale fumes emanating from the fuel and its combustion products.

Consequences of going through the roof

The passage of the chimney through the roof must ensure fire safety. The gases generated during the combustion of fuel create a high temperature in the chimney, which can cause the roof elements to ignite. This is especially true for systems constructed from materials with low fire resistance. So, if the supporting system of the roof is made of wood, then it is necessary to mount an additional crate at the place where the pipe passes.

Considering that many roofing materials contain polymers that are not highly resistant to fire, the pipe must be protected by thermal insulation and the distance between it and the edge of the material that can catch fire must be at least 13 centimeters. If the pipe is not equipped with thermal insulation, then this distance should be increased to 30 cm.

The passage of the pipe through the roof violates the integrity of the coating, including layers of thermal and hydraulic insulation. If you do not provide high-quality cutting of the roof around it, then, most likely, the insulation will get wet, with all the ensuing consequences.

In addition to reducing the parameters of hydraulic and thermal insulation, there is a decrease in the strength of the truss structure. This can happen if the arrangement of the chimney is done by hand in an operated building.

Options for the passage of a brick chimney through the roof

There are several ways to bring the pipe through the roof. If the pipe is made of brick, then a hole must be made in the roof, the size of which should be 25 centimeters larger than the size of the chimney section. If the roofing material is not combustible, then this size can be reduced. The main thing is the correct passage of the chimney through the roof.

The passage through the roof, lined with tiles, is additionally equipped with an additional structure, consisting of rafters and battens. A non-combustible material must be laid between the chimney and wooden structures, as a rule, mineral wool is used for this. In addition, the wood used in the arrangement of the roof must be treated with compounds that prevent them from burning and rotting.

IMPORTANT! If, when arranging the chimney outlet, it rests against the ridge beam, then it must be cut, and the free ends should be installed on vertical racks.

On the roof, it is necessary to make a metal apron, which with one edge must be wound onto the chimney itself. And the other end should be hidden under the roofing material. This design is acceptable for chimneys located at a distance from the ridge. If the pipe is located in the immediate vicinity of the ridge beam, then a protective apron must be placed under it. At the same time, it must be fixed with fasteners and treated with a moisture-resistant sealing compound.

Wiring with elastic materials

As usual, during the construction of private houses, one has to deal with the installation of pipes made of metal. To ensure the tightness of the passage of the pipe through the roof, a device called elastic penetration is used. For the manufacture of this device, polymeric materials are used, for example, silicone or rubber. This detail is made in the form of a funnel, at the base of which a square or round flange is formed. The physical and technical properties of this part allow it to take the form that the slope forces it to take. In addition, the elastic penetration is resistant to high temperatures, chemically aggressive substances, etc. The use of various pigments in the manufacture of this part allows them to be produced in various colors.

Running the chimney through the roof is an important part of the installation.

When choosing an elastic penetration, the consumer should be guided by the diameter of the pipe and the color of the roof. Such details are in the form of a funnel or pyramid. They fit most chimney diameters through metal tiles and other materials.

The installation of this part is quite simple. To do this, it is necessary to cut a hole in its body equal in size to the diameter of the pipe. Then it is necessary to put it on the pipe and, using a metal ring, in which holes for fasteners are made, fix it to the roof surface. Of course, the junction of the outlet must be treated with a flame-resistant sealant or a chimney roof sealant must be used. For roofs with a steep slope, specially made elastic cones are used. By the way, such details are used in the arrangement of the chimney through corrugated board.

metal pipe

On the construction market, you can find another version of these products, made from a metal sheet of alloy steel and designed to lead a chimney. Finished products, as a rule, are performed with a standard slope angle. They are used for roofs on which flat roofing material is laid. To install this part, it is necessary to cut a hole of the required shape in the surface of the roof. An angle grinder or roof shears can be used to make the hole. After that, it is necessary to remove layers of hydro and thermal insulation from it. On the reverse side of the roof, it is necessary to fix a sheet of fire-resistant material, in which a hole has already been made in advance.

Then, the chimney component must be inserted into the holes made, docked with the already installed chimney module. A clamp must be put on and tightened at the connection point. The outlet pipe must be installed on the chimney pipe and fixed on the slope surface. In this case, we must not forget to treat the junction with a sealant resistant to fire. After the last output segments are installed on the assembled connection, and their height is 0.5 - 1.5 meters, the work on creating the passage can be considered completed.

Rectangular pipe outlet

Stoves, fireplaces and some other heating systems most often have rectangular (square) chimneys. To correctly remove the chimney, you must perform the following operations.

As the chimney is brought to the roof, a hole is cut out in it, the dimensions of which should have an allowance of 2–5 cm, to the side of the hole. Through it, a conclusion to the roof will be made. The equipped passage must be lined with asbestos or mineral wool. For this, you can use asbestos sheets. They will protect the passage unit, for example, through an ondulin roof, from fire under the action of high temperatures emanating from the chimney. After the pipe is brought out into the street. Around its base, it is necessary to lay a layer of waterproofing and close it with an apron made of bent aluminum sheet. These sheets are called additional elements, and they must match the color of the roofing material in color.

Lead box

Finishing the pipe on the roof can be done using a special box. The roof is made of several types of material, which have different resistance to flames. And therefore, for a safe output through a wooden wall, a special box is equipped on the roof. It is made of fire-resistant material with dimensions that must match the size of the chimney. The distance between the walls of the box and the outlet pipe of the chimney must be at least 15 cm.

After installing the box in its place, its upper edge is compared with the level of the roof slope. To increase its protective properties, expanded clay or similar material is poured into the space between the chimney and the box.

Folding the stove is not an easy task, but when it comes to arranging the correct passage of the chimney pipe through the roof, it is no less important procedure. Fire safety, as well as waterproofing of the furnace and attic floor, depend on how correctly the work will be carried out. An improperly installed exhaust system for gases that are released during the combustion process can cause fire! These gases are also hazardous to health and life of a person, their accumulation under the roof of residential premises creates a dangerous layer, which, reaching a critical mass, can cause irreparable damage to human health and even death!

Chimney passage through a tiled roof

The consequences of a poorly done sealing of the chimney when it exits through the roof can be as follows:

• If the pipe is not protected from moisture, dampness will easily destroy the chimney masonry over time, penetrating into the seams and corroding the mortar, which can also lead to smoke in the attic, and in the worst case, to a fire.
• Moisture that has appeared in leaky sealed holes around the pipe, flowing down the masonry, penetrating inside the chimney, and can lead to the formation of fungus. We'll have to shift the pipe, and possibly even part of the furnace.
• Waterlogging of not only pipes, but also vapor barrier and insulation materials can lead to their rupture.
• As a result of the loss of tightness of thermal insulation, the heat loss of the building will increase.
• There may be a violation of air circulation in the attic, which will lead to a decrease in moisture exchange.
• The ingress of moisture into the cracks during temperature changes forms ice, which will expand the cracks, and destructive processes will become more active.
• Due to moisture, the entire roof structure can be broken - if it gets on the truss structure and starts to corrode it.

Such a picture can occur in a pipe, with poorly sealed cracks around it. To avoid such a problem, the installation of the pipe outlet through the roof must be carried out carefully and competently.

Starting this process, you need to learn and follow the established rules SNiP 41 - 03 - 01 - 2003. Chimney installation work will be needed in the following cases:

• during the construction of the roof;
• when repairing a roof;
• when installing a heater or building a furnace.

The optimal location of the chimney on the roof is 1.5m from the ridge

Experienced stove-makers advise placing the outlet of the pipe closer to the highest point of the roof-ridge, and it should rise above it by at least half a meter. This is convenient because less snow will accumulate in the area above the pipe, which reduces the risk of leakage when it melts.

If the pipe head is located below the roof slope, it must also be raised above the coating by at least half a meter.

It should be noted that the type of chimney and its finish is very important during this process, since there are several options for designing this node, which is important for the whole house. The removal of the head has different designs, and depends on the shape and material from which the chimney is made, the place of its exit and size. Chimney pipes can be made of metal, brick, asbestos cement or ceramics. For each type of pipe, the passage is arranged in a certain way.

The design of brick pipes output through the roof has its own type of installation. The plastered head of the pipe is sealed in a completely different way, and a ceramic or metal chimney has several methods for sealing the seams between it and the roof.

The material of the roof also plays an important role in the design of the seams around the chimney.

For different types of roofing materials, it is easy to find a special element that will help make the chimney waterproofing more reliable. The main thing is to choose the right slope of this element. It is very important that the pipe is located in the roof opening so that the distance between it and the roof, as well as the rafters, is at least 5-7 cm. These gaps are filled with non-combustible insulating material, such as asbestos.

Elements for insulating round pipes

To bring out a round pipe, which can be made of metal or ceramic, you need to correctly make a hole in the roof. Around the hole, from inside the roof, it is recommended to fix a metal sheet or a specially made metal panel with a hole for the pipe. If necessary, you need to add additional bars to the crate for their fastening.

The roof can have different slopes, and from them it will depend which insulating element, called a roof penetration, should be chosen for waterproofing. In construction stores, there is a large selection of various auxiliary elements designed specifically for this procedure, of different shapes and diameters.

Elastic roof penetration

A pipe leading through a roof with a slope will accordingly require a special sinking slope. Also, we can say that her choice will depend on the material with which the roof is covered. This is taken into account in order to achieve the best sealing effect.

Roof penetration is a pyramid, consisting of several steps. The pyramid is located on a flexible square or round flange. The entire element is made of silicone or resistant types of rubber, although sometimes one of its parts can also be made of aluminum. Due to the elasticity of these materials, the penetration is well combined with any roof, and does not react to the effects of wind or snow.

The positive characteristics of such products include:

• resistance to chemical and ultraviolet influences;
• resistance to temperature difference, from - 50 to + 130 degrees;
• flexibility;
• wide range of colors - they can be matched to any color of the roof;
• aesthetics, the possibility of giving completeness to the coating;
• thanks to a good fit to the roof, the penetration guarantees excellent tightness;
• the flexibility of the part makes it possible to install it on any roof slope.

Since penetrations are produced in different sizes, they must be correctly selected according to the diameter of the chimney and the slope of the roof. Dimensions are indicated on the body of the element itself.

• Direct penetration is used mainly on roofs with a slight slope, about 25 degrees, and on flat roofs.
• Corner penetration, the flange of which must be fixed at a certain angle, for example, 20 degrees, is used to seal pipes installed on roofs with a slope of more than 25 degrees.
• Universal penetration, which can be adjusted to any pipe diameter, looks like this: on each of the steps of the penetration pyramid, the diameter for which it is intended is indicated. The master only has to cut off the extra top and mount it on the pipe.

Installation of a soft roof penetration for a chimney pipe

Installation of this waterproofing element is quite simple:

The installation process is simple and straightforward

After waterproofing - fastened to the roof with self-tapping screws

• if a universal version is purchased, the excess part is cut off from it;
• then the penetration is put on the pipe and pressed against the roof. If the roof is ribbed, the waterproofing should take the form of the ribs of the coating;
• then a sealant is used, with which the edges of the flange are smeared and firmly pressed against the roof;
• the last step is fixing the penetration along the flange to the roof using self-tapping screws or rivets.

In the presented photos, the process of installing waterproofing is clearly visible.

Metal penetration

Another option for waterproofing a metal pipe can be a metal penetration, which is also sold ready-made. It has excellent characteristics, but can only be installed on a roof that does not have a relief pattern, for example, soft. Another condition necessary for a tight installation of the flange to the roof is the ideal angle of the element to the roof slope.

• There are different models of metal penetrations. On some of them, the pipe is fixed and soldered from the inside, and the upper head of the chimney is put on and welded on the outside.

• There may be another option, when the pipe passes through the penetration through and a detachable metal part is fixed on top of it, which does not allow moisture to penetrate inside.
• The flange is glued to the roof with a sealant, and then screwed with self-tapping screws.

Square, rectangular tube

A brick chimney is almost always square or rectangular in shape. Passing through the attic, it is brought to the roof. Further, a hole is made in the roof, which must be framed from the inside with a metal sheet with a hole made in the middle in the shape of a pipe. Through this window, the head is also displayed on the surface of the roof. This option is convenient when removing the chimney through a frequent crate in the roof, for example, when a soft roof is being arranged.

If the crate is installed at a certain distance (for example, a slate roof), it is good if the pipe passes between the rafters. But it also happens that the pipe rests against one of the beams supporting the roof, or they are too far from the walls of the pipe. In this case, it is necessary to arrange additional details of the rafter-beam system, which will allow you to fix the heat-resistant insulation and waterproofing around the chimney.

When a square pipe is drawn through the roof, the seams around it are sealed with non-combustible materials, and a penetration-casing made of metal cut in a special way is installed on top.

The figure shows a four-piece apron, which is assembled in a simple way. Such a penetration is arranged under the roof covering, and the roofing material is laid on top of it. The cracks formed in the area where the metal adjoins the pipe and when connected to the roof are sealed with sealant.

If sealing is carried out on top of the roofing material, then it is made with a layer of soft waterproofing, consisting of a special tape, which is made on the basis of aluminum and lead. It is well fixed with a sealant on any flat surface or with a certain relief.

On the pipe itself, soft waterproofing is also planted on the sealant, and fixed with special metal strips. The photo clearly shows the design of such protection.

One of the options for the passage of the chimney pipe through the roof - video tutorial

Passage of a chimney pipe through a tiled roof

Separately, I would like to say about the passage of the pipe through the tiled roof. Manufacturers have thought of a special element that repeats the relief pattern of the tiles, and has a hole arranged for the pipe. A pipe of the same material is also selected for it.

These elements of a tiled roof are made of highly resistant plastics. They are produced in the same colors as the tiles, and you can always choose the right shade suitable for a particular building. But such plastic roof parts are installed only for ventilation ducts, since they are unlikely to withstand the high temperatures that accompany the smoke emanating from any stove.

Safety criteria for the passage of the chimney pipe through the roof

It is impossible on the scale of one publication to cover all the options for running chimneys through the roof, and to tell about all the important tricks in these works. But, there are some things that you really need to know.

• In the construction of some roofs, there are layers of different materials that do not have pronounced fire-resistant properties. Therefore, it is very important to provide fire safety rules.

In order to protect wooden floors and other combustible materials, special boxes are built around the chimney of any shape.

The pipe is placed in a special refractory box

This option is very convenient for roofs covered with slate, tiles or other materials that have a three-dimensional pattern, as well as for soft roofs. The box is lined up with the crate, on which the roofing is laid. It must have a certain thickness in order to reliably protect the entire layer of the crate and the vapor barrier and insulation installed on it from possible overheating and fire. Not bad if there is also a distance of about 5-7 cm between the chimney and fire-resistant materials.

• When purchasing a penetration, you must make sure that it is reliable and resistant to temperature changes and increased heat, and only then for waterproofing qualities.
• The correct installation of the pipe and its passage through the roof is very important, as it is not only a decorative element, but also a functional one. We must not forget that the safety of your health and property will depend on the correct installation of this unit.
• The materials used in such work must meet the necessary requirements for this particular device. It is not possible, for example, to use ventilation pipes for exhausting smoke from heating appliances. Be sure to know the characteristics of the purchased materials, and it is better to consult a specialist if something is in doubt.

In any case, if you have never dealt with such types of work, it is not worth the risk. The best option would be to invite a master who has performed this process more than once. It will quickly cope with the task and will not spoil the overall appearance of the roof.

Installing a pipe on a roof is an operation that requires a special approach. In this article, we will consider questions about how the chimney should pass through the roof in order to comply with the norms of SNiP, as well as to protect the structure from moisture penetration and the possibility of fire.

A well-made chimney passage through the roof is a guarantee of a long service life of the stove and roof

Chimney installation rules

If the house has a stove, then a chimney is also needed. Although instead of a furnace there may be a special tank that runs on gas. In any case, the house is somehow heated, and the products of combustion must be removed. There are several options for removing the pipe through the roof, related to determining the location. It is planned when the project of the house is being developed. The place is considered relative to the roof ridge - a horizontal rib, which is located where two slopes meet. The pipe can be mounted:

directly in the skate;

away from the skate.

The first and second options have their pros and cons. On the one hand, it is easier to install a chimney in a ridge. But this is for someone who deals with this particular issue. And for arranging the truss system, this is more difficult, because you have to make a gap in the horizontal beam. On the other hand, when the pipe is in the ridge, it guarantees good traction. And the possibility of leakage under it is minimized here. But still, most often the chimney is shifted relative to the ridge.

Chimney offset from the roof ridge

In this case, you must comply with the following building codes:

If the chimney on the roof is installed at a distance of no more than 1.5 m from the ridge, then the pipe must be 0.5 m higher than it.

When it is installed at a distance of 1.5 m to 3 m from the ridge, it is done with it on the same level.

When the pipe is at a distance of more than 3 m from the ridge, it may be lower than it, but not more than 10 °.

The best option for the location of the pipe relative to the ridge is not far from it. If you make the chimney much lower, the risk of damage by falling snow increases.

To ensure good traction, it is necessary to adhere to certain standards for the placement of the chimney relative to the roof ridge

There is a place where it is generally not recommended to install a pipe - a valley. This is the inner corner that two slopes of a complex roof form when connected. There is always an increased load on it, since precipitation flows there and snow lingers. With such an installation, the possibility of a violation of waterproofing is very high. This means that there will be leaks.

Protecting the roof from heat coming from the pipe

When organizing the passage of a pipe through the roof, it is important to isolate the roof from it. After all, the pipe is very hot, which increases the degree of fire hazard. The roof is protected with a separate box, the beams and rafters of which are located taking into account the requirements of SNiP. The norm for the minimum distance from the chimney to the supporting beams and rafters is from 130 to 250 mm. The inside of the box is filled with some material that does not burn. For example, it can be basalt or stone wool.

The chimney must never touch the roofing directly.

Further organization of the output of the pipe depends on what shape it is and what it is made of. The shape of the chimney can be made either as an ordinary square or round, or in the form of a rectangle or oval. And the pipes are brick, metal, asbestos-cement or ceramic. The material from which the roof is made is also taken into account. It can be slate, metal tile, corrugated board, ondulin, roofing felt or shingles. Each case has its own characteristics.

Video description

The consequences of improper installation can be seen in the video:

On our site you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of installing stoves and fireplaces. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Round pipe installation

Often in construction, a round section of the chimney is used. To hold a round pipe through the roof and fix it hermetically on it, special flexible adapters are used. They are made of heat-resistant polymer with elastic properties. In appearance, such an adapter looks like a funnel, at the base of which there may be a circle or a square. The base is called an apron, it is made in the form of wide fields. Since the material is elastic, it easily takes on a variety of configurations. Therefore, it has a wide range of applications. Such adapters can be used on roofs with any coating and slope angle.

The exit of the round pipe through the onduline roof

The main thing is to choose an adapter that will fit the pipe in diameter. Although there are universal options for such products. They are made in the form of a stepped pyramid. To adjust their size along the pipe, the excess is simply cut off with scissors. Elastic adapters are attached to the roof with bolts or metal studs. They are installed in the holes on the flange, which presses the adapter to the roof. The space between the flange and the roof surface is lubricated with a sealant that can withstand temperature extremes.

Universal adapter for passing a round pipe through the roof

Features of the sandwich chimney

A variation of round pipes is a sandwich chimney. It consists of two pipes of different diameters, between which there is a heat-resistant thermal insulation material. They are made from stainless steel. A sandwich chimney is in great demand, as it provides stable traction, does not heat up, is easy to install and looks beautiful on the outside.

The passage through the roof of a sandwich chimney can also be made using an elastic adapter. However, it may not be in harmony with its mirror surface. In this case, a metal adapter is used, the material of which is also stainless steel. It is not flexible, so the diameter of the pipe and the angle of the roof slope must be taken into account.

Video description

The passage of the sandwich chimney through the roof is shown in the video:

A feature of the organization of the passage of a sandwich chimney is the installation of PPU - a ceiling-through unit. This device protects all wooden elements through which the chimney passes from high temperatures. It is a metal structure with a certain diameter through which a pipe must be passed. The material of its manufacture is galvanized steel or minerite. The inner surface of the node is laid out with thermal insulation.

Ceiling pass-through unit for round pipe

On our site you can familiarize yourself with the most. In the filters, you can set the desired direction, the presence of gas, water, electricity and other communications.

Passage through metal roofing

The metal tile represents sheets from steel, copper or aluminum which are covered with a polymeric layer. In appearance, they resemble natural tiles, which are folded in even rows. This roofing material is very popular. If a round pipe is passed through the metal tile, flexible adapters are used, which we have already talked about. With the option of a square or quadrangular brick pipe, a different method is used. It is as follows:

A connector is being made. It consists of two aprons - internal (main) and external (decorative). The material of manufacture is a thin aluminum sheet or tin.

Before the metal tile is laid, an internal apron is installed on the crate. These are 4 strips located on 4 sides of the pipe. They simultaneously go under the metal tile (no less than 250 mm) and on the pipe (no less than 150 mm).

The elements of the apron are installed in a strobe - a groove that is cut along the perimeter of the pipe to a depth of 10 to 15 mm. The gate is cleaned and filled with fire-resistant sealant.

To install the apron, a special strobe must be made in the pipe

The apron is attached to the pipe with heat-resistant dowels. The joints between the four planks are soldered. On the slats that are on the sides, bumpers are made, the purpose of which is to divert water down.

The lower part of the apron is mounted on the so-called tie - a sheet of metal with sides. This ensures that water is drained from the chimney to the bottom of the roof. The width of the tie must be greater than that of the pipe by at least 0.5 m on both sides. Its length depends on the distance from the pipe to the edge of the roof.

After installing the tie and the inner apron, the metal tile is laid.

From above, an external apron is mounted. It is usually a corrugated sheet of lead or aluminum. In its upper part there is a decorative strip. It is attached to the pipe with self-tapping screws. The attachment point is slightly higher than the parts of the inner apron. Before fixing the decorative strips, the attachment points are coated with sealant. To attach the corrugated sheet, its back side is provided with a self-adhesive coating.

Finished chimney through a metal tile

Installing a chimney through corrugated board

Decking is a sheet of metal produced by cold rolling and then profiled. It is mainly made of steel, but can be copper and aluminum. The sheet has ribs of oval, square, trapezoid or polygonal shape. A special coating is made on top, which gives it anti-corrosion properties. The professional flooring is often used as roofing material.

To lead the chimney through the roof, in the case of a square or rectangular pipe, a device in the form of two aprons and a tie is used. The method is the same as for a metal roof. The installation of round pipes in corrugated board is not recommended, because it is difficult to cut the correct circular section in it. But if a round chimney is nevertheless made, the pipe is insulated with a universal elastic adapter.

Accessories for holding round pipes

Passage through ondulin

Ondulin looks like ordinary slate, but its material is completely different. This is compressed cellulose, which is treated with bitumen impregnation. It comes in a variety of colors, is resistant to water, but burns quite well. Therefore, when a passage through the roof is organized, maximum attention is paid to filling with fire-resistant materials. The hole for the pipe in the ondulin is made large. To isolate the junction of the roof and the chimney, an apron is used, which is wound under the roof. In this case, an elastic self-adhesive tape "Onduflash" is used, made of bitumen with an aluminum insert.

Brick pipe through ondulin

Installation of a chimney in a soft roof

Soft roofing is a combustible material, so it is important here that there is a gap of 13 to 25 mm between the pipe and the coating. The passage of the chimney through the roof is organized depending on what shape it is - flat or pitched. The material from which the pipe is made also plays a role. If the roof is flat, which is a concrete slab, and the pipe is not made of brick, the passage is made as follows:

Around the pipe at a distance of about 15 cm along the perimeter, everything is removed, up to the concrete.

Formwork is installed.

Concrete is poured so that a side is obtained, the height of which is 15 cm.

The roofing is laid on the walls.

Where the roofing material is connected to the rim, a metal strip is installed. Fastening is done with dowels.

A tide is installed on the side.

If the pipe is brick, the concrete side is not made. In this case, the roofing material is put on it and a metal apron is installed on top. A strobe is made in the wall of the pipe (depth 1.5 cm), where the edge of the apron is wound.

When running a pipe through a soft roof, many nuances must be taken into account.

The junction is filled with sealant. In the case of a pitched roof, waterproofing is carried out as on other coatings, that is, using aprons (for square and rectangular pipes), as well as flexible or metal adapters (for round ones).

Conducting a chimney in the finished roof

If the chimney is removed not at the stage of building a house, but in an already finished roof, the following is performed:

There is a place for withdrawal, taking into account the requirements of SNiP. This should be the space between the cross beam and the rafters.

A box is made of beams, the cross section of which is equal to the cross section of the rafters. The box is made in such a way that the width of its sides is 0.5 m greater than the diameter of the pipe.

A hole is cut in the roof, equal to the perimeter of the box. To comply with it, through holes are drilled from the inside in the corners of the box.

The roofing material is bent outward, a pipe is inserted into the hole and fixed.

The box is sealed with fire-resistant material for thermal insulation.

The junction of the pipe and the roof is sealed. The flange (adapter) is being installed.

The pipe must be output only through the adapter

Video description

Visually about the pipe through the finished roof, see the following video:

Conclusion

In order for the chimney to be correctly led through the roof, you need to know all the subtleties of this work. Thanks to this, the pipe will be installed in the right place, in compliance with the requirements of all rules and regulations for construction. Also, the house will be reliably protected from leaks and the possibility of fire.

As you know, penetration through the roof looks like a passage unit, which is used to install steel ventilation shafts at their locations in roofing structures of various designs and purposes.

Next, we will talk about what kind of roof penetrations are, as well as about the features of their device and use. So, the roof penetration should be located on reinforced concrete cups. Its fixing is carried out by nuts screwed onto the anchor bolts provided for in the design. The heat-insulating material is a plate consisting of mineral wool and fiberglass.

The special mechanism that regulates the control of the valve has two functional modes of operation:

• "open";
• "closed".

Under no circumstances should the valve driver be allowed to be lower than the O-ring, as this may cause condensation to accumulate in the system.

Typically, roof penetrations are installed in buildings that have one of two types of ventilation systems:

• natural ventilation;
• forced ventilation.

Also, in the process of designing a particular structure, the choice of a particular ventilation system is greatly influenced by a number of factors, which include, for example, humidity indicators, the highest and lowest air temperatures, etc.

In this case, the penetration of the roof is calculated by considering two main indicators:

1. Roof slope.
2. The interval from penetration to the roof ridge.

The passage assembly includes a branch pipe connected to the support flange. This flange performs fastening functions and is used to fix the penetration of the roof to the reinforced concrete sleeve. The flange located below serves to fix the valves and air ducts, while the upper one is used when a shaft with a circular cross section is used. To fix the braces located on the roofing, it is necessary to use special brackets, and clamps should be used for this in the shaft.

Operational properties of roof penetrations

If the roof passage has a manual drive, then it must work stably so that there is no need to switch modes from time to time.

As a rule, a manual drive consists of:

• tailor's cloth;
• control mechanism;
• cable;
• counterweight.

Additional protection against water ingress to the roofing will be provided by the installation of such a system element as a skirt. If necessary, roof penetrations can be equipped with a special element, the purpose of which is to collect condensate. This part can simply be welded to the pipe, and then it will not allow moisture coming from a mixture of gases and air to penetrate under the roof.

There are also a certain number of factors that directly affect whether both conventional penetration and corner roof penetration will work normally. According to this series of requirements, you first need to decide on the performance of a particular unit in accordance with climatic features, and then take into account other options, for example, whether it will be possible to use a sealant for a roofing unit and how much it can be used.

In the manufacture of roof penetrations, it is customary to take black as the main material with a thickness of 1.5 to 2 millimeters.

Roof penetrations can also be mounted using stainless steel, which comes in two categories:

• stainless steel having a thickness of 0.5 mm;
• stainless steel, having a thickness of 0.8 mm.

At the moment, there are 11 options for the size of roof penetrations in production. However, sometimes manufacturers can create samples that differ from the standard in diameter and are intended for different systems.

The main purpose of roof penetration is the correct removal of the ventilation system to the roof of a certain structure. This greatly contributes to the improvement of air circulation and makes the operating conditions more comfortable.

Also today there is a wide choice of supply systems, which are equipped with high-quality sound insulation during installation.

What are roof penetrations made of?

The design of standard units includes two main parts, and those, in turn, consist of external and internal circuits, each of which has a special insulating layer made using a basalt sheet that is resistant to fire and temperature extremes.

Typically, roof penetrations consist of black steel, having a thickness of 1 to 3 millimeters and covered with black enamel, resistant to high temperatures, so that the nodes are able to withstand exposure up to 600 degrees. According to some operational standards, as well as the technical characteristics and desires of the developer, stainless steel can also act as a material for penetrations. In this case, its thickness can be equal to from 1 to 2 millimeters.

The production of roof penetrations must be inextricably linked, taking into account the following three criteria:

1. Roof slope.
2. The thickness of the space under the roof, as well as the roof rafters.
3. Materials used as the basis for the installation of the truss system, the ceiling of the building and the roof itself.

So that moisture that appears after precipitation does not penetrate through the roof penetration, it is necessary to use special “layouts”, which look like a metal strip equipped with a hole designed for the chimney and a special side flanging. The material for the "layout" is usually polyester, and it will be correct to use the color that will match the color of the roofing. This element is located between the roof ridge and the passage node, the coverage of which must be carried out by "layout" on each side.

Installation of roof penetration, detailed video:

1. The selection of the sealing ring is based on the calculation that the diameter of the resulting hole should be approximately 20% smaller than the diameter of the pipe going through the roof.
2. The sealant itself is pulled directly onto the pipe. If problems arise, a soapy solution can be used.
3. The sealant is given the shape of the base by pressing it against the roof. In the process of fixing the flange edges, you can use tools.
4. A special sealant is applied to the space under the flange.
5. The flange is fastened with screws, which should be at a distance of 35 millimeters from each other.

This completes the roof penetration device.

These data should be used when bringing ventilation and chimney to the surface of the roof. It is important to remember that when using roof penetrations, this can be done not only simply, but also qualitatively, moreover, it cannot cause any harm to the roof itself. If desired, any installation information with detailed photos and videos of the entire process of the device can be easily found on our website.