Anton Tsugunov

Reading time: 5 minutes

The bathroom has the most difficult microclimate: constant dampness and heat. This contributes to the appearance of mold and mildew on surfaces. It also often happens that water in considerable quantities falls on the entire surface of the floor. In order not to flood the neighbors, it is necessary to waterproof the floor in the bathroom under the tiles. You also need to protect other surfaces in the room from excessive dampness, since moisture is also detrimental to wall ceilings.

Why is waterproofing needed?

Often, during construction and repair, they skip the waterproofing stage for the bathroom and immediately start laying the tiles. This is a very common mistake. Someone does this out of ignorance, someone believes that moisture cannot seep through the tiles and seams, and someone simply does not know how to protect the floor and walls from moisture under the tile.

However, it is worth remembering the old folk wisdom: water will find a hole everywhere. It will seep through cracks and chips invisible to the eye, settle in the most inaccessible places, and will slowly but surely harm. Waterproofing will avoid many troubles.

• Waterproofing will prevent water from destroying porous base materials (concrete, foam blocks, cement-bonded particle boards, gypsum-fiber sheets, etc.).
• The waterproofing of the wooden floor in the bathroom requires special attention, because this material is more afraid of dampness than others: it gets moldy, rots, and quickly becomes unusable.
• It will significantly extend the life of the walls and floor of the bathroom.
• Prevent .
• It will allow you to keep the finishing materials in their original form for a longer time.
• If for any reason a flood occurs in the apartment, then the water will not be able to pass to the neighbors from below - it will be stopped by waterproofing.
• A healthier microclimate is created in the bathroom.

Varieties of waterproofing

The variety of materials that protect against moisture is quite large. It is difficult to say unequivocally what is better to do or for the soul: you need to take into account many subtleties and nuances. However, everyone can find a waterproof material that suits their needs and wallet size. There are several main ways to waterproof a bathroom:

• Coloring. Bituminous and polymer-based mastics are applied to the walls and floor with a brush or roller. The result is a flat surface with no joints or seams. If you try hard, you can achieve almost perfect smoothness. In order for this type of waterproofing to be sufficiently reliable, it is necessary to apply mastic in several layers.

• Coating. In this case, a special mixture is prepared from a solution of sand, cement and special additives for waterproofing, which is applied to the surface with a spatula or trowel. Often the same mixture is used instead of a concrete floor screed, because it can also be laid in a fairly thick layer, which allows you to hide all the bumps and bumps.
• Pasting. With this option, roll or sheet materials are used. They can be welded or self-adhesive: they are heated with a burner or the protective layer is removed from the adhesive base and the material is pressed to the surface. Outwardly, such waterproofing resembles materials for a roof: roofing material, bikrost, etc. Bitumen or fiberglass is used as the basis. As a result, after pasting, the floor in combination with the lower part of the walls resembles a trough.
• Fill. A solution is prepared from a special mixture, which includes materials such as liquid glass or concrete with additives that make it waterproof. Then the resulting waterproofing is poured and cover the floor in the bathroom. The result is a monolithic, without seams and joints, layer.
• The use of waterproofing compounds that penetrate the material and change its structure. They are applied from a sprayer or with a brush, as a result of which the treated material acquires water-repellent properties.

• Spraying. In this case, a special moisture-resistant composition based on polymers or rubber is sprayed onto the walls and floor. After some time after application, it hardens and turns into a dense film that reliably protects against moisture penetration.

Each of the presented methods of waterproofing has its own characteristics that are suitable or not suitable for certain operating conditions. Their characteristics will affect the possibility of use in a particular case, so it is worth considering in more detail each of the methods of waterproofing a bathroom under a tile. Then it will be easier to decide what is better in this or that case.

Coloring

A universal method of waterproofing, equally suitable for walls and floors in the bathroom, if desired, it can even be used for the ceiling. One of the easiest methods. Work is carried out in the following order:

1. Mastic is diluted with a special solvent to the consistency of thick paint.
2. The first layer of waterproofing is applied to the floor and walls (at least 20 cm from the level of the future plinth), as well as to “wet zones” (shower, washbasin, bath, near risers, etc.) and 50 cm around them.
3. Dry the 1st layer.
4. A second layer is applied perpendicular to the 1st layer. It is very important to carefully monitor that there are no gaps.
5. Sprinkle the still dry mastic with fine sand to improve the adhesion of the tile adhesive.
6. Excess powder is swept away after drying. Now you can start laying tiles.

pasting

Bathroom waterproofing under tiles should be carried out using modern materials: they are easy to work with, they protect the surface well and last for a long time, for decades. Decorate the room as follows:

• The material is rolled out on the floor, allowed to lie down and straighten.
• Cut the waterproofing roll into strips. At the same time, it is taken into account that the material should be on the walls by 20–30 cm, and the strips should overlap by 10–15 cm.
• The surface to be treated is coated with bitumen or mastic made on its basis.
• Lay out the cut strips.
• The burner heats the sheets and mastic. Rubber becomes plastic, and mastic becomes sticky.
• Lay the material, slam if necessary. At the same time, it is taken into account that joints or seams in the corners are unacceptable.
• All connections are additionally coated with mastic. Waterproofing is ready.

Coating

Coating waterproofing is one of the simplest, safest, and therefore its most popular types. It is very similar to ordinary plaster. The working solution is prepared in a similar way: a ready-made mixture is bought, consisting of sand, cement and polymer additives (usually they are sold in paper bags, packed in 5, 10, 15 or 25 kg) and mixed in a certain proportion with water. The finished waterproofing solution is applied to the walls with a spatula, “coated” with them. The mixture tightly clogs the smallest pores and cracks in concrete and cement bonded concrete. The solution can be applied both on the bathroom floor, and on the walls and even the ceiling.

The putty dries for a day, that is, the next day you can start laying the tiles, because in this case a concrete screed for the floor is not required. However, when working, it must be remembered that the viability of the solution is short, it seizes in just a few minutes, so all work must be done quickly.

What is the best waterproofing?

It is difficult to say unequivocally which waterproofing under the tile will be optimal in one case or another. For greater clarity, you can compare all the methods of waterproofing walls and floors under tiles in the bathroom.

As you can see, each material has its own specifics. This must be taken into account when choosing.

What else to look for when choosing a waterproofing method?

In addition to the specifics of materials, a number of factors and parameters must be taken into account:

• Features of the room, so not all methods of waterproofing can be used in small rooms.
• Wall and floor material: concrete, CSP, GVLV, wood, etc.
• In some cases, it is impossible to raise the floor even a centimeter, then pouring and putty will not work.

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AT log destroys the power frame of a building made of reinforced concrete for half a century, steel structures for 10 - 15 years, wooden frames of walls, floor beams for a maximum of 5 years. Therefore, load-bearing structures are protected with gluing, coating or plastering materials or impregnated with penetrating compounds. Each property owner is interested in waterproofing a bathroom under tiles, what is better to choose and what technologies are cheaper.

Waterproofing the floor and bath screen before tiling

Types of waterproofing

Advertising of manufacturers of hydro-vapor barrier materials cannot serve as a guide for finishing, as it is intended to increase sales. The standards of the joint venture contain recommendations for waterproofing foundations. Therefore, the home master needs to know the nuances:

• vapor barrier film, the membrane does not let through, neither water nor wet steam, is mounted inside the rooms under the cladding;
• despite the high performance, vapor barrier materials cannot provide 100% impermeability, part of the moisture still penetrates the walls and ceilings;
• therefore, waterproofing is installed on the outside, through which steam can freely pass from the inside, but water cannot penetrate from the outside.

All this is true only for the external structures of the building - the roof, foundation and external walls. Ceilings and internal walls cannot be protected with vapor barrier material:

• if you put the membrane on one side, moist air will penetrate the wall from the adjacent room;
• if you paste over the wall with films on both sides, 10 - 30% of moisture will still penetrate inside, it will no longer be able to evaporate outward, the supporting structure will collapse even faster.

Useful advice! Walls, floors, ceilings of rooms with high humidity (bathroom, bathroom, toilet) can be protected mainly with waterproofing materials.

Plaster compositions

To impart waterproof properties to plaster mortars, the following modifiers are added to dry mixes:

• liquid glass;
• sodium aluminate;
• ceresite.

The mixture should be mixed in small quantities, produced within 20 - 40 minutes. There are waterproofing plasters based on gypsum, cement, with the addition of polymer granules that increase the life of the solutions.

Unlike classic plaster, the mortars are applied in two stages (spray + primer) without leveling. Therefore, the tile adhesive solution increases, however, the materials have high adhesion to each other. The technology requires special skills; it is used less frequently for coating and gluing.

Penetrating waterproofing

The most reliable is the waterproofing of the bathroom floor under the tiles with penetrating compounds.

The application technology is similar to the coating method, however, after application, the Penetron components react with cement stone, completely changing the structure of the structural material almost to the entire depth of the walls / ceilings.

Primer pre-treatment in this case is not needed, any chipped piece of concrete will retain the properties obtained until complete destruction. The leading manufacturer of materials in this group is Penetron, but the cost increases the repair estimate at least twice. The consumption of the mixture is within 1 kg / m 2, the resource is almost eternal, the concrete dries out in 3 - 5 hours.

After getting acquainted with the characteristics of the materials used as a hydro-barrier in bathrooms, the home master inevitably has additional questions. Therefore, the recommendations of specialists will help you choose the optimal ratio of the repair budget, quality, operational resource:

• with a sufficient budget, it is better to treat all surfaces with penetrating compounds and forget about repairs, periodic restoration of the waterproofing layer - concrete becomes waterproof to the full depth, tiles can be updated at least annually without any consequences;
• the budget option is the fusing of rolled materials onto the screed with a launch of 5 cm on the walls;
• smooth walls are easier to coat with mastics to hide defects in the flatness of the walls, it is better to use waterproofing plaster;

Waterproofing the "wet" area of ​​the shower

When repairing a bathroom, its walls and floor must be waterproofed. This is necessary to prevent the appearance of fungus, the reproduction of bacteria. The choice of compositions for moisture protection depends on the type of finish and the characteristics of the room itself.

So, it is planned to waterproof the bathroom under the tiles: why and what is better to choose?

The waterproof layer protects building and finishing materials from the damaging effects of moisture. The service life of floor and wall materials depends on the correct selection of waterproofing agents and the quality of work.

If you make a mistake, the finish will quickly become unusable, and the materials themselves will be infected with a fungus that is very difficult to remove.

It is desirable to perform high-quality waterproofing of all structures - floors, walls, ceilings. Ceiling treatment protects the bathroom from flooding by neighbors; floor - prevents water from seeping into the apartment below.

If everything is clear with the relevance of moisture protection of the floor and ceiling, then the need to insulate walls is sometimes in doubt. Why is she needed? Waterproofing materials on the walls do not allow fungi and bacteria to multiply, preserve the finish, and prevent cracks.

Gaps in building materials, which may appear during prolonged exposure to moisture, contribute to the flow of cold air into the room. This creates certain health risks for people who use the bathroom.

Dampness and cold air currents accelerate the destruction of building materials. As a result, plaster deteriorates and crumbles faster, paint bursts, tiles fall off walls and floors. Therefore, it is imperative to protect the walls at least in those areas where they are constantly splashed with water.

In the figure, areas that need especially careful waterproofing are marked in blue. It is in these places that the greatest dampness of building materials is possible.

Varieties of waterproofing materials

To choose the right waterproofing for the floor and walls in the bathroom under the tiles, you should understand the types of insulating materials. They are bought, focusing not only on prices, but also on the structure, properties of coatings, predicted loads.

Possible options:

• coating compositions;
• pasting waterproofing - roll, film, bituminous materials;
• special hydrophobic plasters;
• waterproof paints;
• impregnating waterproofing;
• rubber compounds.

For waterproofing the bathroom under the tiles, coating, gluing, penetrating materials, rubber-based compositions are suitable. It should be noted that polyethylene films are rarely used for moisture protection of bathrooms.

With all the advantages and affordable price, polyethylene is the worst choice for a bathroom. The material does not have good vapor permeability. This makes it unsuitable for use in a bathroom - a closed room with high humidity and specific temperature conditions.

Finishing the floor and walls consists of several layers, incl. and waterproofing. Its thickness and functionality depend on the selected materials.

An important point: the joints of the floor and walls, the places where the bathtub adjoins the wall, need careful waterproofing. Many materials are difficult to seal in corners, so sealing cords or tapes should be chosen.

Sealant cords are made of hygienic materials that prevent the growth of fungus and mold. They are laid at the joints, firmly glued to the surfaces, covered with a fine finish. Such a cord can serve for decades.

How the tape or sealant cord is laid is shown in the video:

The main requirements for the quality of moisture protection

Waterproofing materials must be applied in such a way that after drying they form an integral coating without gaps, so all work is carried out in a relatively short time.

If the coating is two or three layers, the next layer is applied immediately after the previous one has dried. This allows you to achieve the best adhesion of materials. Time intervals are minimal.

When using roll materials, the dimensions of the overlaps provided by the manufacturer must be observed. When isolating the floors at the joints with the walls, it is necessary to bring the material to the walls.

Whatever materials or formulations are chosen for the insulation work, they must all be applied to clean surfaces. To reduce the consumption of materials and improve adhesion, primer mixtures are used.

What materials to choose for waterproofing walls?

To waterproof the walls of the bathroom under the tiles, several different types of materials are used:

• Bituminous and polymeric mastics. A very popular waterproofing option. Simple application technology, efficiency and durability make it extremely popular. Mastics of many brands are universal and suitable for premises of any purpose.
• Impregnation. These are liquid formulations that are applied to the base with rollers or cysts. They are easy to use, serve as long as the building material itself, with which it was processed. At the same time, the base is strengthened and its service life is extended.
• Membrane. When choosing membranes, you should carefully familiarize yourself with the scope of a particular material. The instructions should clearly indicate that the membrane of this brand is suitable for internal waterproofing of premises. It is undesirable to choose too dense films, because. they are less flexible.
• Expanding cement. It increases in volume during the solidification process. Thanks to this, cement fills the smallest cracks and crevices, reliably clogging them and preventing moisture from entering.

Before starting work, remove old coatings and clean the base to concrete. Only after that the surfaces are leveled and prepared for waterproofing.

What is better to use for bathroom waterproofing? Coating and impregnating compounds are often chosen for tiles.

For their application, you do not have to hire professional builders, all the work can be done by hand, and this is a serious cost savings.

In recent decades, finishing panels have become popular, which initially have water-repellent properties.

The only disadvantage of this type of waterproofing is the high cost, but if the budget allows, then this is a great option, because the panels will last for several decades.

Features of mounting moisture-resistant panels are described in the video tutorial:

What is suitable for protecting the floor from water?

What materials are better to choose for waterproofing the floor in the bathroom under the tiles? By and large, almost any will do, depending on the preferences of the owner and his financial capabilities. It is important to take into account the service life so that the waterproofing lasts no less than the finish.

Under the concrete screed, roll-up waterproofing agents can be laid, but often coating materials are used instead of them, because. they are more convenient to work with and create a strong elastic protective layer. They can be applied both under the concrete screed and on top of it.

Coating compositions are well combined with penetrating waterproofing. In this case, the base under the concrete screed is protected with a coating composition, and the finished screed is impregnated with a penetrating composition.

This guarantees 100% protection against any "floods".

Modern roll materials are easy to install. For their gluing, special adhesive tapes are provided that securely fasten the strips.

Popular bathroom waterproofing technologies

If you plan to do all the work yourself, it makes sense to choose the most affordable materials, the installation of which does not require expensive equipment or special skills.

The video shows a lesson on waterproofing a bathroom, which describes the general workflow step by step:

Option #1: Use Roll Materials

For waterproofing the floor in the bathroom under the tiles, you can choose fiberglass or fiberglass. These are quite expensive materials, but they do not have the disadvantages inherent in traditional rolled waterproofing - roofing felt, glassine, etc.

Fiberglass and fiberglass are not subject to decay, making them practical and durable. However, they have their downsides. When rolling out rolls and mounting strips, care must be taken not to tear them.

There are three main mounting technologies. They vary in complexity and equipment used:

• Fastening. This method is not very popular. Fasteners required. The rolls are mounted on the subfloor and the punched places are carefully insulated.
• Fusion. To fuse the material, you need a heat gun. This equipment is used indoors - where gas burners are not applicable. For waterproofing bathrooms, welded materials are used relatively infrequently.
• Sticking. This is the best option for arranging moisture protection. Materials are glued using bitumen-polymer mastics or adhesives. Mastics create an additional protective barrier. When choosing them, you should pay attention to the temperature regime at which the materials retain their properties.

Before starting work, the cut strips of material should “lie down” for a day. This is necessary so that they even out and bubble less when laying.

The procedure for gluing waterproofing:

1. The base is checked with a level. If necessary, level with a concrete screed. The joints of the floor and walls are rounded so that the material does not crack during installation. After that, the base is thoroughly cleaned of debris, dust, dried, primed.
2. Rolls are cut into panels of the desired length. The finished strips are rolled out and treated with solar oil (it cleans and promotes greater elasticity), left for a day.
3. The base is covered with a mastic chosen for gluing the roll material.
4. Strips with an overlap of about 10 cm are glued onto the mastic, unless there are other manufacturer's recommendations in the instructions for the material.
5. The bubbles formed during laying are carefully cut, the edges of the material are folded over, smeared with mastic and again glued to the base, smoothed.
6. To improve the adhesion of the waterproofing to the next layer - a concrete screed, it is coated with mastic on top and sprinkled with coarse sand.

When waterproofing the bathroom floor with rolled materials, the joints of the floor and walls are trimmed, leading strips on the walls by 15 cm

Option # 2: coating waterproofing device

There are many varieties of mastics for arranging waterproofing. The most popular are bituminous, polymer and cement-polymer. All of them fill pores and cracks well, after hardening they form a dense water-repellent layer.

For rooms with a complex configuration, it is best to choose a coating waterproofing, because. mastics are easy to apply to ledges. When buildings shrink, the coatings do not crack, reliably protect surfaces for many years.

Application technology is simple:

1. The surface to be treated is cleaned, dust-free, leveled if there are differences of more than 2 cm. To improve the adhesion of materials, the base is moistened with clean water or primed.
2. The easiest option is to use ready-made formulations. If a dry mixture is chosen, then it is diluted with water at room temperature in the proportions recommended by the manufacturer and mixed until a homogeneous mass is obtained. After that, leave for 3-5 minutes and mix again.
3. The mask should be used immediately. It is applied in two layers, and the corners and joints are trimmed with tape, carefully pressing it into the waterproofing layer.
4. A reinforcing fiberglass mesh is laid on top of the finished coating. When the material dries, apply the last layer of mastic, completely covering the mesh without gaps.

The video shows the main stages of work with a description of the technology:

Option #3: stucco waterproofing

For plaster waterproofing, mixtures with polymer additives are used to improve the properties of materials. The most famous brands are Knauf and Ceresit. These are time-tested, high-quality blends that are great for surface treatment in bathrooms.

Important! When choosing waterproofing, give preference to materials of the same brand. They fit perfectly and complement each other. For example, when working with a mixture of "Ceresit CR65" it is worth buying a sealing tape "Ceresit CL52".

Composition technology:

1. The base surface is prepared: cleaned, treated with a primer.
2. Corners and joints are sealed with a special tape.
3. A solution is prepared and applied to the surface in one direction, and the next in a direction perpendicular to it.
4. Waterproofing is done in two or three layers.

Compositions for plaster waterproofing are universal. They can be used for any finishing materials, incl. ceramic tiles

Option # 4: impregnating compounds

Impregnating waterproofing materials include compositions based on bitumen, polymers, liquid glass, etc. They are united by a common property: they impregnate the base, strengthening its structure.

Impregnating compositions form hydrophobic compounds that change the characteristics of building materials. As a result, concrete or brick acquire water-repellent properties, compacted.

Penetrating waterproofing is also referred to as impregnating waterproofing. Among our compatriots, the materials of the Penetron system are deservedly popular. These are several types of mixtures designed for different types of work, and polymeric repair tapes.

The advantage of penetrating materials is that they can be used not only for arranging new waterproofing, but also for repairing an old one that has lost its properties.

Application technology:

• The base is prepared: close up cracks, seams; cleared of debris. Further preparation depends on the type of material and manufacturer's recommendations. Before using Penetron, the surface is often wiped with 9% vinegar, dried, and then moistened abundantly.
• If a dry mix is ​​​​used, dilute it according to the instructions. The amount should be such that the solution is enough for 30-40 minutes of work. After this time, it becomes unusable.
• The waterproofing composition is applied with a brush or roller. After setting the first layer, the surface is treated again.
• The time for complete drying depends on the selected composition. If Penetron is used, it will take three days. During this period, the surface is regularly moistened in order to achieve good crystallization of the resulting compounds.

Some helpful tips from the experts:

Final Conclusions

There are many materials for waterproofing a bathroom, and it is difficult to decide which one is best suited for tile. However, you can choose, focusing on the basic properties of the finished coatings.

So, it is strongly not recommended to use paint compositions under the tile. They are short-lived and will last less than the finishing material. When the waterproofing layer collapses, fungus can appear in the bathroom, and the tiles will peel off.

If the choice is made in favor of penetrating waterproofing, then it must be taken into account that it is used only for concrete bases. It is ineffective when used on stone or brick surfaces.

For waterproofing the bathroom floor, it is better to choose gluing materials in combination with high-quality mastics. Such protection will last for several decades, but it can only be used under a screed.

During the repair work, in rooms with high humidity, waterproofing should be carried out. It will help not only protect you from excess water, but also prevent liquid from leaking to the lower floors.

Floor waterproofing has a specific purpose - to prevent the penetration of liquid to the ceiling and the leakage of water from the room through the floor. To do this, you need to create a hermetic carpet with low sides. Such protection will be in the form of a trough, into which moisture will be collected from the walls.

Having spent once on the purchase of materials and the arrangement of a protective layer, you can not be afraid of flooding your own or a neighbor's apartment. In addition, waterproofing will prevent the appearance of mold and fungi on the floor, its destruction.

You can't skimp on protection. And you also need to remember that in the bathroom it is necessary to process the walls as well. The fact is that steam penetrates into all the most imperceptible cracks.

Types of materials

Before you begin, purchase the necessary materials. There are such types of waterproofing:

1. Okleyechnaya. Such floor protection in the bathroom is usually rolled up and consists of several layers. The simplest option is roofing material. Modern materials are more perfect: they are more durable and have an adhesive base. For the manufacture of pasting waterproofing, fiberglass and polyester are now used.
2. Coating. It is a liquid substance based on oxidized petroleum bitumen or a thick paste. Processing the floor in the bathroom is carried out with a brush, notched trowel or roller. The maximum thickness of the liquid filling layer is 1 mm, and that of the paste is 3 mm.

Apply the material several times (if necessary). Thick bituminous layer should be additionally reinforced with PVC reinforcing mesh. Steel materials in this case will not work. If the height of the ceiling is fundamentally important to you, then you have the right to apply special impregnations. They penetrate very well deep into the relief of the base, filling all existing cracks and cracks. In the pores of the overlap, they turn into needle-like crystals that do not allow water to seep through. However, such a product has a rather high cost. It can be used to treat any kind of surface.

Advantages and disadvantages of different types of protection

Each of these types of materials has its pros and cons. For example, gluing insulation has the following advantages:

• Relatively low cost and wide availability;
• The ability to immediately proceed to the further finishing of the room with tiles;
• High strength.

There are also some disadvantages. For example, sheets cannot be laid without joints, and they must be additionally sealed. For such material, the base must be flat and dry. In addition, you will not be able to process vertical and embossed surfaces.

Coating protection also has some advantages:

• The absence of seams, and, therefore, their additional sealing;
• Simple tools are needed for application: brush or roller;
• Resistant to mold and fungus;
• Vapor permeability, which allows the room to "breathe";
• Safety for human health.

Among the shortcomings can be noted a higher cost.

Surface preparation

If you are preparing a base for tiles, then it should be as even and clean as possible. Eliminate all dust, dirt, grease stains, paint residue, and plaster fragments that do not adhere well. To remove stains, use mild degreasers or non-aggressive detergents. It is better not to use chemicals.

The surface under the tile should be as smooth as possible. In order to achieve this, you need to grind the base with sandpaper. For coarser cleaning, a metal brush is used. It should be tough enough.

After the preparation is completed, it is desirable to clean the room again. To do this, use a vacuum cleaner. After cleaning, the surface will need to be covered with soil. This procedure will additionally protect the base and will promote good adhesion to the waterproofing. For this purpose, a deep penetration primer is used.

What factors influence the choice of insulating material?

So, the use of one or another protection in the bathroom depends on such features:

• The technical condition of the rough base that is being processed;
• Floor materials in the bathroom;
• The terms that are allocated to you for the complete repair of the floor and walls;
• Floors of the building;
• The need to change the level of the floor and the possibility of reducing the height of the ceiling;

In addition, you need to pay attention to the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room. If it is large, then coating materials can cost you dearly. The complexity of the configuration of the surface to be treated can also confuse you. The availability of the necessary tools (burner, building hair dryer), as well as the ability to work with them, should also be taken into account.

Installation of insulation

Features of applying pasting protection

In the bathroom, roll material is often used. Instead of roofing material, it is better to use elastic fiberglass and polyester products. They can even fit on a base that is subject to expansion and contraction. At the same time, the solidity of the insulation remains at a high level. In order to lay it, try to follow a certain sequence of actions:

1. First, mark the insulation on the floor of the room. If necessary, the material is cut with special scissors or a construction knife.
2. Now cut off a piece of the product of the required size and attach it to the floor. If everything is done correctly, you can remove the protective layer from the back of the fragment and glue it to the base. If you use roofing material, then you will need to use special glue or mastic to fix it.
3. For better adhesion of the material to the floor, you need to roll it with a heavy roller.
4. The next piece is laid with an overlap of 5 cm. The seams are sealed.
5. In those places where the base is connected to the wall, the overlap is at least 15 cm.

If the waterproofing does not sit on the glue, but is welded, then the roll should be unwound only during use.

For fastening, you need a gas burner or a building hair dryer. Please note that if you do not know how to use such a tool, the material may melt or tear. In addition, during operation, it can release toxic substances, which is especially dangerous in small rooms.

It is better to give preference to adhesive-based protection. Moreover, they allow the surface to "breathe". After the implementation of all insulation measures, it is poured with a concrete screed.

Rules for the use of coated insulation

This material is considered more versatile, as it can be applied to any surface. Moreover, he is not picky about the foundation. To work with coated waterproofing in the bathroom, you need to prepare a roller or brush. The work has some features:

• For large surfaces, special sprayers can be used. The roller or brush must be clean and dry. The floor is thoroughly cleaned of dust and debris.
• You can use both bituminous mastic and cement-polymer mortar. The second type of material can provide a significant rise in the level of the floor and its leveling. In this case, additional pouring of concrete screed is not required. If the mastic is bituminous, then it is laid in a thin layer. There is no way to do without pouring concrete.
• The application of waterproofing must be done very carefully. On the floor of the bathroom, as well as on its walls, there should be no gaps.
• In order to subsequently lay the tiles, the waterproofing layer must dry well. The duration of this period depends on the air temperature and the level of humidity in the room. Before applying the next layer, you need to check the quality of the previous one: the mastic should not stick to your fingers.
• The topmost layer is sprinkled with fine quartz sand before solidification. This will ensure good adhesion to the adhesive and tile. After the mastic dries, excess sand must be removed. Finishing can be laid after 48 hours.

Waterproofing the floor in the bathroom should be done very carefully and carefully. For example, those places where water pipes exit must be additionally insulated with a sealing cuff. Next, you should lubricate the pipe to a height of 10 cm.

It is advisable to lay the rolled waterproofing so that the intersheet seams are not at the junction of the walls with the base of the bathroom. For the treatment of vertical surfaces, a cement-polymer mixture is usually used.

For better adhesion of the waterproofing to the base, it must first be moistened with water. This procedure is recommended by almost all experts. During operation, use protective equipment: overalls, goggles and gloves. If you cannot install the insulation yourself, entrust this matter to professionals.

The bathroom is a room with a special microclimate. Due to the constant use of hot and cold water, as well as the active formation of steam, a rather high humidity is observed in it.

If you started a major overhaul, remember: before finishing the bathroom, it is necessary to carry out a set of measures to protect the floor and walls from moisture. Poor-quality waterproofing of the bathroom is fraught with unpleasant consequences, from the appearance of a fungus or the destruction of expensive ceramic tiles to the occurrence of fire hazard situations - a short circuit in the electrical wiring due to water ingress.

Bathroom waterproofing: types of materials

As a rule, special materials are used as internal waterproofing, which, depending on the application technology, are divided into two types:

Pasting. Film roll materials based on bitumen, which are attached to the base by fusing or gluing (self-adhesive). Currently, roll materials for waterproofing a bathroom are not very popular due to a number of disadvantages: the complexity of the technological process (the base must be as dry and even as possible), the unpleasant smell of bitumen, which does not disappear from the room for a long time, and the ability to raise the floor level up to 5 cm (this is not suitable for bathrooms of a certain layout).

Coating. A more modern and convenient type of protective coating. for the bathroom is represented by completely ready-to-use or dry mixes, which simply need to be diluted with water. Bitumen-polymer or bitumen-rubber mastic is applied to the surface with a tool. After complete drying, fine finishing work is carried out.

Due to its consistency, the waterproofing material can be applied without problems to both horizontal and vertical surfaces, creating a durable monolithic coating in problem areas (wall junction, wall and floor junction, threshold).

What places require mandatory waterproofing?

First of all, you should take care of protecting areas subject to direct contact with water: the backsplash of the sink, areas of the shower, bathtub, toilet bowl. Liquid waterproofing under tiles is also an essential element of high-quality floor repair. Mastic must be applied to the entire area, since this part of the bathroom is most vulnerable to moisture. A reliable protective layer will help to avoid problems with neighbors from below in case of unexpected flooding, provide optimal conditions for laying ceramic tiles and become a guarantee of comfort and coziness in the house.

Bathroom floor waterproofing

The device for protecting the floor from moisture requires more effort than waterproofing the walls due to the concentration of communication and plumbing units (especially if the bathroom is combined). In this case, coating compositions are the best option, since roll materials must be carefully measured and adjusted in size to the pipe junction areas.

Waterproofing the floor in the bathroom: materials and stages of work

Training. The base is cleaned of dirt and dust, while it is advisable to use a vacuum cleaner. The cement screed is tapped with a hammer to check for cracks and delamination from the floor. If there are any, the screed is removed without regret and a new one is installed.

Primer. The prepared surface is carefully dedusted with two layers of liquid soil.

Application of the composition. The first layer of liquid waterproofing should be applied to the corner joints of the walls and floor. After complete drying, the corners are glued with rubber tape. Further, the entire floor area is covered with a composition using a wide brush, paint roller or sprayer, subject to the condition of continuous application.

At the same time, along with the floor, partial waterproofing of the bathroom walls to a height of 20 to 50 cm is also mandatory. Sewerage and water supply pipes with rubber seals previously put on them should also be coated with mastic with a grip of up to 10 cm. Each coating layer is 1-3 mm thick should be dried within 24 hours.

After the last layer has completely dried, final priming, underfloor heating and decorative finishing can be carried out using.

Why do you need internal waterproofing of walls?

Even with a good ventilation system, condensation forms on the walls, which, penetrating into the seams of the tile, puts its appearance and durability to a serious test. The coating gradually becomes brittle and collapses. In addition, dark spots appear on the tiles and in the tile joints - fungus and mold.

These bacteria are extremely harmful to human health due to the active release of a large number of spores into the environment. Getting into the body through the respiratory tract, their waste products can lead to various allergic reactions, asthma, migraines and even cancer.

In addition, black mold is very tenacious and difficult to remove mechanically. After surface cleaning (including powerful chlorine-containing compounds), it germinates again and again. The only right decision is the device of reliable waterproofing of the walls. Moisture-proof materials for laying tiles can prevent the very occurrence of a problem, prolonging the life of the coating for a long time and preserving the health of all family members.

Stages of waterproofing walls in the bathroom

Training. The walls are thoroughly cleaned of dust, remnants of old finishing materials and dried. The joint between the bathroom and the wall is degreased with a special liquid and sealed with a thin line of silicone mastic, which is then smoothed out with a spatula or simply with a finger dipped in soapy water. A self-adhesive cord can be used instead of silicone sealant, but it provides less protection.

Primer. The surface of the walls is treated several times with a deep penetration antifungal primer.

Bathroom waterproofing under tiles. It is carried out by analogy with the floor: the composition is applied with a brush, roller or sprayer with thorough drying of each layer for at least a day. Particular attention is paid to the corners of the bathroom.

After 24 hours from the moment of applying the last layer, the walls are again carefully primed, then a fine finish is made with ceramic tiles.

Bathroom waterproofing: materials from Sika

Sika offers high quality mineral-based products to protect various concrete surfaces from moisture:

Sikalastic®-152;

Universal compositions of varying degrees of elasticity are made from environmentally friendly raw materials and fully comply with the current GOST standards (scans of certificates are presented on the website).

Benefits of Sika Coated Waterproofing:

high degree of adhesion to concrete, stone, brick;

good vapor permeability (allows the surface to breathe);

resistance to low temperatures;

the possibility of application to wet or vertical surfaces without slipping;

absence of solvents;

economical consumption;

a long period of preservation of the viability of the solution (30 minutes at a temperature of 23 °);

time to commissioning - 7 days.

To buy liquid waterproofing for floors and walls, contact your nearest Sika representative or leave a request on the website.