In the heating of private households or country cottages often used combined boilers for heating the house - they will provide comfortable temperature in all rooms, regardless of the presence or absence of centralized gas supply or firewood.

A significant plus of such units is the adjustment of the cost estimate not only for heating the building, but also for supplying hot water. Besides, it is very convenient to be able to use different types of fuel, don't you agree?

The efficiency of combined boilers in the absence of access to central system supply of energy resources is confirmed by numerous reviews of their owners. The main task is to choose the optimal type of heating unit.

We will help you make right choice. The article describes the features of operation, operation and maintenance of different types of combined boilers. We have identified the main criteria for evaluating equipment and have given practical advice choice of heating unit.

The heating equipment of the combined type is focused on loading and processing from two or more types of fuel materials.

More than 70% of the models on the market are equipped with special electric heaters, contributing to the partial or complete refusal to use the main heating elements for heating water in the summer season.

The type of fuel material used allows us to conditionally divide the equipment into 2 main groups:

• standard- use no more than two different types of fuel;
• universal- capable of operating on three or more fuel options.

In most cases, it is possible to replace the burner in order to change the fuel supply function. There are also models available with hobs and even two burners with electronic or electromechanical type of control.

There is only one catch here - the more expanded the functionality of such a unit, the more difficult the process of its installation will be.

The pellet boiler belongs to solid fuel installations. It burns granular pellets made from wood waste (+)

Features of combined units

Owners country houses, whose heating is carried out by a combined heating boiler, unanimously declare its indisputable advantage. Especially if the house is located far from large settlements, and the lack of gas supply and frequent power outages are the norm in this area.

In addition, the combined boiler, which is also called universal, has many other advantages.

They allow you to compete with the most popular types of one-component systems:

• the ability to connect multiple circuits;
• a wide range of resources for technical modernization - burner replacement, boiler installation;
• modern level of program management;
• no interruptions in the heating system - at the moment of stopping the supply of one of the fuel types, it is possible to apply an alternative option;
• economical expenditure of funds for the provision of the heating system.

Models with electromechanical control will become simply indispensable in homes located in areas often faced with power outages.

This option allows, if necessary, to transfer the boiler installation to manual adjustment mode, without losing the productivity of its operation.

The performance of the boiler becomes the main thing when choosing a boiler from the presented wide model range

Popular fuel combination options

Various variations of combined heating units make it possible to solve different kind tasks - from large to small global problems. For example, they are able to provide hot water for a single family of 3-5 people, as well as heating an office building or a residential apartment building.

Option #1 - Gas/Electric Combination

Electricity is the most efficient way to heat water. fast zoom temperature regime produced due to the impact on the coolant, with the smallest fraction of the delay.

The main priority quality of equipment with a combination of gas / electricity is its variability, manifested in the possibility of connecting to several heating systems, as well as the option of installing several circuits]

Characteristics of combined heaters that provide significant advantages:

• small sizes. The device has an oversized combustion chamber for burning gases, a heat exchanger with a built-in heating element or another type of heating device;
• Low power consumption. The boiler operates on gas, and the electric heater is put into operation only on demand - to quickly heat water or in the absence of access to the gas supply;
• Low price category. It is achieved due to the absence of a separate combustion chamber - the heater is installed inside the heat exchanger. In equipment where there is no secondary circuit, the option of connecting a water heater is planned;
• Heating elements with low power- many models on the market are designed only to maintain the specified temperature.

Although gas is an economical type of fuel, the same cannot be said about electricity. Therefore, for houses located in areas with a poorly developed gas supply network, you should look at another version of the boiler that runs on a different fuel.

Option #2 - wood/gas combo

More economical types fuels are gas and wood. The dimensions of the heating apparatus operating on such fuel are impressive - it has separate combustion chambers for each type of fuel.

The design features of boilers with a combination of gas / firewood type determine the placement of one or two heat exchangers. For the first case, it serves as a common element for all combustion chambers.

Indeed, in the event of interruptions in gas supply, the equipment will switch to electricity - for a month of such heating, a round bill for electricity will be released

A multi-fuel heating system can only be installed after the following requirements have been met:

• Uninterrupted power supply – necessary condition to activate the operation of a pellet heating boiler, gas and diesel burners (the use of solid fuel materials is an exception);
• Organized supply of fuel materials to the boiler - this is the most acute problem when designing the installation of heating boilers with a combination of gas / firewood / electricity;
• Providing storage space for energy carriers– for application balloon heating mount external steel boxes or allocate a separate room, and in some cases a building; diesel is stored in tanks connected to the pumping unit.

Before purchasing universal heating equipment, it is necessary to analyze the main factors influencing the choice of a particular model.

So, it is necessary to evaluate the feasibility of using each, because the cost of such a device is much higher than single-fuel systems.

The required diameter of the chimney must also be calculated, because. thrust coefficient must meet at least the minimum requirements for each fuel material

What do you need to know to make the right choice?

The only objective criterion for choosing a combined boiler for your home is required power to ensure the functioning heating system. Moreover, this indicator should not be affected by the number of connected circuits.

It makes no sense to pay more for a powerful boiler in the hope of adjusting its operation with automation. This approach contributes to the "idle" operation of the device, which leads to a faster failure. In addition, this mode of operation contributes to the acceleration of the condensation process.

As for the calculation of power, theoretically, to heat an area of ​​10 m2, it will be necessary to use 1 kW of heat energy.

But this is a rather conditional indicator, which is adjusted based on the following parameters:

• ceiling heights in the house;
• the number of floors;
• degree of building insulation.

Therefore, it is advisable to use a one-and-a-half coefficient in your calculations, i.e. in calculations, increase the margin by 0.5 kW. The power of a multi-circuit heating system is calculated with a surcharge of 25-30%.

So, in order to heat a building with an area of ​​​​100 m2, a power of 10-15 kW is required for single-circuit heating of the coolant and 15-20 kW for double-circuit heating.

To select a gas burner for a solid fuel boiler, you need to accurately measure the dimensions of the combustion chamber. It is these proportions that will correspond to the size of the gas burner

An equally important criterion when choosing a combined heating boiler is the price category. The price of the device depends on the power, the number of functions and the manufacturer.

For users, other characteristics are no less important:

• material of manufacture;
• ease of management;
• dimensions;
• accessories;
• weight and installation features;
• other.

Immediately the issue with the hot water supply will have to be resolved: the boiler will provide hot water or there is one for this.

In the case of determining the first option, the preferred method is selected - storage or flow, as well as the parameters of the water reservoir according to needs (calculated based on the number of residents).

As for the dimensions of the equipment, they only matter in the case of installation in a room with a small area.

According to the material of manufacture presented a wide range of boilers. But the most popular options are steel or cast iron. Also, such a boiler is able to withstand a high and prolonged temperature load, has a longer service life.

It is worth noting that cast iron boilers are cast, therefore they have thicker walls than a steel product.

Automation of control affects the usability, and the security system depends on how automated the process of combustion of energy carriers is. Most models can be controlled using convenient remote controls or panels.

Most models are optional. This may include the presence hob for cooking, injectors, draft regulators, burners, soundproof casing, etc.

The choice of a boiler according to this parameter should be based on personal preferences and the allocated amount for the purchase.

When choosing a heating boiler with a combination of wood / electricity, it is necessary to calculate the required power of the heating element. It is recommended to choose models with an indicator of at least 60% of the required coefficient for home heating

But the weight of the equipment and the complexity of its installation should immediately pay attention.

Installation in a residential building of the majority floor models combined boilers for heating, equipped with several combustion chambers, requires an additional concrete pedestal device, because a standard floor covering cannot withstand such a load. Optimal solution — .

Knowing the main parameters that affect the choice of a combined boiler, you can choose the most suitable model.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

The principle of operation of universal heating equipment in the video:

Rules for choosing a combined boiler in the video:

An example of the operation of a pellet combined heating boiler:

Regardless of the type of equipment chosen, before purchasing it, it is necessary to design a future heat supply system. This includes: pipelines, chimney duct and safety measures during the operation of the heater.

This will provide a complete functioning heating systems with minimal energy costs.

Looking for an efficient combi boiler for your home? Or do you have experience with these settings? Please leave comments on the article, participate in discussions and share your impressions about the use of heating units.

Universal boilers always interested in the consumer. Depending on one type of fuel is inconvenient, and choosing from several options is usually cheaper. Combined boilers combine up to four types of fuel: electricity, gas, solid and diesel fuel. It is not difficult to switch from one type of fuel to another if the boiler has several fireboxes. When changing fuel, they switch to another furnace or (if there is only one furnace) they change the burner. The burner must be changed by a specialist - it is not recommended to do it yourself.

Of these types of fuel, diesel fuel is used less frequently than others due to the high cost and inconvenience with delivery and storage. Universal gas-firewood-electricity heating boilers are more convenient for a private house. Such boilers can have two circuits:

1. single-circuit boilers are used for space heating;
2. double-circuit - for heating and hot water supply.

Combined boilers usually have several fireboxes for different fuels - one can be for firewood and coal, the second burns gas and diesel fuel. A boiler with several furnaces is convenient in that several circuits can be connected to it with different temperatures. There are several options for separation: floor heating, separation of "batteries - underfloor heating", etc. When buying boilers with separate heating, you need to pay attention to the design containing different heat exchangers.

In the photo, a diagram of the combined boiler device

Advantages of gas-firewood-electricity boilers

Technological features of modern combined boilers:

• Built-in heating elements allow you to work on any fuel and electricity.
• The universal burner is used for gas and diesel fuel. Transfer from one type of fuel to another is made by a switch.
• Heat accumulators allow you to "conserve" excess heat and spend it with a lack of heat from the boiler.

What you need to know when choosing a universal boiler

With all the versatility, one type of fuel should be the main one, and the boiler should be selected according to the type of main fuel. When buying an imported boiler, please note that the nominal power is indicated as a passport, and not the maximum, as for Russian ones. Sellers usually also call the maximum power. On each type of fuel, a universal boiler will have a different power.

Some examples of combined boilers.

Single-circuit universal boiler Zota Dymok KOTV-20M (Russia)

The copper is intended for work in systems of water heating of inhabited and industrial premises.

Main characteristics:

1. fuel wood/electricity;
2. power 20 kW;
3. circuit 1;
4. type of installation outdoor;
5. heating area 140 sq. m;
6. steel heat exchanger;
7. Efficiency 70%;
8. chimney 150 mm;
9. weight 108 kg;
10. dimensions 750x400x705 mm.

The cost of the boiler is 25,000 rubles.

According to reviews, inexpensive and reliable. Ideal for country house and small production. The main advantages are simplicity, reliability and low price.

In the photo, the universal boiler Zota Dymok KOTV-20M

Single-circuit universal boiler Protherm Bizon 30 NL (Slovakia)

1. power for gas and diesel fuel 27.1 kW;
2. fuel - natural and liquefied gas, diesel fuel and fuel oil;
3. chamber open;
4. cast iron heat exchanger;
5. number of sections - 2;
6. connection of a DHW boiler is possible;
7. chimney diameter 150 mm;
8. weight 121 kg;
9. dimensions 870x450x385 mm.

The cost of the boiler is 41,300 rubles.

Reviews about the unit are positive. Customers like the efficiency of the boiler. Heats up quickly and holds heat well. Some customers note difficulties with the selection of a burner for this model.

In the photo, the universal boiler Protherm Bizon 30 NL

Combined boiler Ferroli Atlas 32 (Italy)

Designed to heat water below the boiling point at atmospheric pressure. Digital interface, microprocessor. frost protection, remote control, room thermostat.

Characteristics:

• fuel natural gas, diesel fuel;
• gas power 30 kW;
• diesel power 30 kW;
• cast iron heat exchanger;
• open combustion chamber;
• connection of a DHW boiler;
• flue 100 mm;
• weight 127 kg;
• dimensions 850x500x400 mm.

The cost is 54,100 rubles.

According to customer reviews, the boiler is very efficient. Fuel consumption is small, water heats up quickly. Great design, modern system management and control. Disadvantage: high cost.

In the photo, the Ferroli Atlas 32 universal boiler

Conclusions - which combined boiler is better

When choosing, the type of main fuel should be taken into account - when operating on this fuel, the boiler must produce maximum power. The type of reserve fuel determines the final choice of model. The final decision is made based on the financial capabilities and desires of the buyer. For a country house, cheaper and more reliable, domestic models are preferred.

• The most massive and overall boilers are those that can use the maximum number of fuel types. This does not apply to boilers for electricity and wood, the dimensions of which almost do not change. Heating element in such boilers, it turns on when combustion in the furnace stops and the coolant temperature drops below a critical level.
• The cost of wood-electricity boilers, as well as coal-electricity boilers, is almost the same as for wood-fired boilers. The dimensions of the boilers are also the same, since they differ only in that the electric boiler has a small heater. Electric heating gives only a third of the boiler's power. Full heating of the house on electricity is impossible, but the temperature will be enough to prevent the system from defrosting.
• A coal-fired boiler can be fired with wood, because. The burning temperature of charcoal is much higher than that of firewood. The volume of the firebox of a coal boiler is small, so it will be inconvenient to constantly use it for firewood. It is strictly forbidden to lay coal in the firebox of a wood-burning boiler - high temperature the unit can be destroyed.

Conventionally, they can be divided into 2 categories.

1. On fuel of one group

• Gas main / liquefied. The translation is quite fast.
• Solid fuel boilers, which can be loaded without significant restructuring - coal, briquettes, firewood and so on. Changing the type of "fuel" will mainly affect the efficiency of the installation. You may have to change the mode of its operation, but no more. Such heating units in the private sector are used quite often. A good example is the popular solid fuel boilers"Proterm" series " Beaver». The lineup presented on this page.

2. On different types of fuel

There are not so many popular combinations.

• gas/solar. Exactly this optimal combination. The explanation is simple - gas and liquid fuel units are almost identical in design. An additional plus of such combined boilers is that they work equally well on main gas (the main type of "fuel") and liquefied gas. It turns out a double reservation for fuel - solarium (or fuel oil) + spare cylinders. The attractiveness of such boilers is also in the fact that they are characterized by high power. For heating a private house - one of the best options. An example is the devices of the same brand "Proterm", but of a different series - " Buffalo».

• Gas/solid/liquid fuel. Pluses - great versatility in use and relatively low cost of heating devices. The cons are much more serious - a low level of automation, low efficiency. For heating a residential building - not the most rational choice. But for small suburban, suburban buildings a good option, given the "omnivorous" installations of this group.

There are a number of other combinations, for example, electricity / solarium / gas; liquid fuel / firewood and the like. But the interest of the owners of houses in them is somewhat less. This is mainly due to the difficulty of switching to another "fuel" and the limited capacity of the installations.

Advantages of combined heating boilers

• "Omnivorous". For heating a house, situations are completely uncritical when the fuel supply runs out, interruptions in the electric supply or in the gas main begin. It is easy to rebuild a combined boiler for a backup "fuel" and solve the problem of heating.
• Numerous options for inclusion in the scheme. Such installations can be connected not only to the heating circuit, but also to the underfloor heating system, storage boiler. By the way, not all boilers operating only on a certain type of fuel have such an opportunity.
• Some modifications switch to an alternative "fuel" on their own, automatically, so even if there are no owners in the house, the unit will not stop in any case.
• A significant plus is the increased performance of the DHW circuit.

Minuses

• High price. But if we analyze what the purchase of equipment from another group, dismantling / installation / connection will cost, it turns out that a simple restructuring of the combined boiler will come out much cheaper. And choosing a fuel with a lower price, the cost of the device will pay off pretty quickly. Consequently, this shortcoming relative.
• Difficulty in storing fuel supplies. Although for most private houses this is not a problem, given that they have basement (basement) rooms and extensions. In addition, the adjacent territory with a barn, household / block and the like.
• Dependence on prom/voltage. The minus is significant, but it should be understood that a good owner always thinks over the issue of redundant power supply. And the combined boiler does not require high power - only for the automation system. Even a small 2-4 kW gasoline unit is enough for both home lighting and work household appliances including heating.

You can find out how to correctly choose a heating boiler according to its characteristics.

Why are combined heating boilers that can run on both gas and wood gaining more and more popularity? Choosing heater for the home, you need to rely on different criteria goods and take into account its various parameters, as well as the essential features of your home. But you should start with the availability of a certain type of fuel at the place of the planned installation of the boiler, and from that, on which of the species will be the main rate.

It should be noted that combined boilers are currently being produced that can operate on gas, solid or liquid fuel and electricity, and, the transition from one to another type of fuel occurs automatically. Such options are good because there is always an alternative to one or another source of energy, and in any case it will be warm in the house. In addition, significant savings can be achieved.

If gas is supplied to the house, there are no problems with heating. Heating boilers operating on this fuel are on sale a large number of so you can easily select the one you want. However, if there is no shortage of solid fuel and there is a desire to save on natural gas, then the market offers the widest selection of combined boilers that can heat houses, both on wood and on gas, they have a number of positive qualities.

Universal boiler - for all types of fuel

In any case, when choosing a heating device, it is better to rely on the knowledge of specialists, with whom you need to consult on the water characteristics and operation of a particular heating device.

This boiler can work not only with wood, but also with other solid fuels such as briquettes, coal and pellets.

Combined boilers have big weight, since their design includes parts made of cast iron, such as a combustion chamber. Therefore, when installing such equipment, it may be necessary to strengthen the floors by making a separate foundation for them.

Gas-firewood boilers are manufactured in two versions:

• single-circuit, which are used only for heating the building;
• double-circuit, allowing not only to bring heat into the house, but also to provide the family with heated water.

The productivity of such an installation can reach 700-750 liters of heated water per hour.

Combined heaters can be one- or two-furnace. In the second version, there is a gas burner in the lower furnace, and a wood burner in the upper one, often with pyrolysis afterburning. The heating of the furnaces takes place simultaneously, and the sedimentation of the combustion products is carried out on a tray intended for this, which is installed in the case of the use of solid fuel.

The undeniable advantages of heating boilers on gas and wood

The advantages of this combined boiler include the following characteristics:

• the presence of two chambers - for a gas burner and combustion of solid fuels;

• the possibility of connecting several boilers to one boiler heating circuits, i.e. at the same time, it is possible to heat not only the house, but also, for example, a bathhouse and a garage or other buildings adjacent to the house;
• independence of heating from power supply, and if necessary, then from gas supply;
• ease of installation and repair of this equipment - does not require special technical knowledge or high financial costs;
• The efficiency of such a boiler is 90-95%;
• the boiler does not occupy a large area, although it is desirable that it be located in separate room- boiler room;
• minor and relatively harmless release to the atmosphere.

Selection options, what to look for when buying?

What points should be paid special attention to when choosing a combi boiler?

• First the most important parameter is the power of the device. It is she who speaks about the possibility of providing the temperature regime necessary for comfort in specific buildings. Under standard conditions and calculations, 1 kW of power is required per volume of 30 cubic meters. Such parameters are suitable for a well-insulated house.

If you need to carry out an accurate calculation of power, you will have to contact specialists. To do this, they need to provide complete description building, which includes the region of location, climatic conditions, degree of insulation, types of heating that are already available, the purpose of the room and other parameters.

An important factor will be the gas pressure in the main line, since the efficiency of the boiler will largely depend on it. If there is a need, then in the calculation, experts will include in the data and the shortage of power.

• The second thing to consider is what you want to get from the boiler. If you plan to use it only as a heating device, a single-circuit option is selected. If you need to heat water, you can not do without a double-circuit model.

Double-circuit boilers can have a flow-through water heating system or, more advanced, accumulative, i.e. with built-in boiler. They take a lot less space than a single-circuit boiler plus a boiler or column. Yes, and the connection will be cheaper and easier. The built-in boiler, depending on the displacement, will always have a sufficient amount of heated water. With flow heating, warm water will only flow when the device is turned on for heating.

If a single-circuit boiler is purchased, then it is possible, if desired, to connect a boiler to it over time.

• When purchasing a heating boiler, it is imperative to check the availability of the attached certificate. Without this document, it will not be possible to obtain permission to connect to the gas supply system and register it with the relevant organizations.

Boiler installation and safety

The room for the boiler room may be small, but always insulated. Its size must be agreed with special services that will help, if necessary, draw up a plan for wiring and connecting pipes.

Ventilation elements must also be taken into account in the room, since the removal of waste from fuel combustion is mandatory. To do this, chimneys are arranged, the structure of which directly depends on the power of the heating installation. Sometimes a chimney system comes with a heating boiler.

As mentioned above, the surface on which the boiler is installed must be reinforced, but besides this, her must be heat resistant. Sometimes the floor under the appliance is left concrete, but it can be decorated with ceramic floor tiles.

If the floors in the room are wooden, but are securely arranged, you can proceed as follows: concrete block 10 cm thick, and on top of it is an eight-millimeter sheet of metal. Another option is to lay refractory boards. It is very important to perfectly level the floors for the installation of the boiler. This process is carried out using the building level.

The walls near which the device will be installed must also be decorated with heat-resistant materials. The bottom of the wall is best finished metal sheets or asbestos.

When the boiler is installed, it can be connected to a heating circuit or to two circuits - water heating and heating.

For each outlet or inlet pipe to the boiler, it is best to install a separate tap - this is necessary so that, if necessary, it is possible to dismantle the device without draining the water from all circuits.

If you decide to do the installation of the boiler yourself, then when you first start it, it is best to invite a specialist in this field who will check the correct installation and control the start of the system.

Operation of the instrument, how to increase the service life?

Boiler running on main gas and solid fuel - the best option for heating a house, since gas is constantly supplied, and problems with acquiring firewood and other solid there should be no fuel. Firewood or coal should always be kept in reserve so that they can help you out in any situation.

In addition to fuel, for heating the whole house, one cannot do without water, with which the system is filled once. Moreover, the filling process should be slow, in order to prevent the formation of air bubbles inside the circuit, which can harm the uniform supply of coolant to the entire system. Periodically, usually before the winter season, the system is supplemented with water to the desired level.

FROM special attention it is necessary to refer to this particular model of the boiler, since it works not only on gas, but also on solid fuel. All heating appliances that use wood and coal require cleaning the chimney, as fumes and soot settle on it.

It is very important to use dry firewood for heating, at least its moisture content should not be more than 20%, so it is better to buy this fuel in a special store.

Thanks to the automation built into the boiler, you will be provided with an uninterrupted supply of heated water in any case, since when solid fuel is burned, water heating with gas automatically turns on.

Heating boilers Kupper - the most efficient combined boiler for wood and gas

Boiler running on gas and wood can be called the most affordable and comfortable heating for a private house or cottage. The device is convenient and easy to use, you can handle it without special work and additional training. It is also important that it requires almost no special maintenance.