Garden trees covered with moss and lichen slow down growth, bear fruit poorly, over time their branches dry up and die. In addition, the growths on the shoots create a favorable environment for the habitat of insect pests. How to protect trees?
Tree cleaning procedures should be carried out in early spring, when the buds have not yet swollen on the trees (usually in March), and in late autumn, when the last fruits are harvested (in November). At the same time, before autumn processing, it is imperative to collect and burn fallen leaves.
If fruit trees are treated with drugs when buds have already blossomed on them, this will lead to the death of the entire plant.
How and how to treat trees from moss and lichen
Prepare a 5% solution of ferrous sulfate in a ratio of 50 g per 1 liter of water and process the trunks and skeletal branches of trees. After a week, lichens and mosses should fall off on their own. Also, do not forget to cultivate the land under the trees, because iron sulfate is an excellent means of preventing various diseases of fruit trees.
If scales of lichens and mosses still remain on the surface of the trees, remove them mechanically. Spread pieces of film or rags under the plants and scrape the surface of the trunk and branches with a wooden spatula, brush or old burlap.
Collect and destroy the fallen pieces of lichen and moss.
The garden will be saved by thinning pruning
If your garden is badly neglected, almost all trees are covered with lichen and moss, then before starting the cleaning procedure, it is necessary to carry out a sanitary cutting. Since some trees can be so heavily affected by lichen growth that it will be useless to clean them.
Carefully examine each tree and cut off overgrown branches. Also, don't forget to keep pruning your garden trees regularly to keep their crowns from thickening. This will favorably affect the additional flow of air and light. In such a garden there will be no high humidity and, accordingly, excessive growth of mosses and lichens.
After mechanical thinning (scraping), remove large parts of lichens and mosses. Then prepare a solution of copper sulfate: dissolve 350-500 g of copper sulfate powder in 10 liters of water.
Trees are treated with this composition in the same way as iron sulphate. Treatment with a solution in this concentration is carried out once every 5 years. And sometimes once is enough - and your garden will forever get rid of mosses and lichens.
An easy method for cleaning trees from moss and lichen
If your garden trees are not heavily covered with growths, then you can use a simpler cleaning method: mix 1 kg of salt, 2 kg of wood ash, rub 2 bars of laundry soap into this mixture, pour 10 liters of hot water, bring to a boil, cool and brush with the resulting composition of tree trunks.
If lichens appear periodically in your garden, then use the prophylactic antifungal drug Skor: it is bred in accordance with the instructions and applied to trees in early spring.
After cleaning, it is necessary to carry out lime whitewashing of tree trunks. The solution can be prepared independently (dilute 1.5-2 kg of slaked lime in 10 liters of water) or use ready-made mixtures (for example, garden acrylic whitewash).
Whitewashing is carried out in dry weather (autumn or early spring) at an air temperature of at least 2 ° C. All wounds and cuts on trees should first be covered with garden pitch.
Try not to run trees and inspect their bark annually. If you find small "islands" of moss, immediately carefully clean them off, because large growths are much more difficult to deal with.

We are all good gardeners, of which I have no doubt. Problems with garden trees are familiar firsthand, but I think not everyone knows how to get rid of them correctly. Today we will consider the problem of lichens on fruit trees. We will learn how to fight and some preventive measures.

Do not confuse lichens with the ubiquitous mold - this is just one of the varieties of the huge mushroom kingdom. Interestingly, they do not have roots, and they absorb the moisture necessary for life with the entire surface. They feed simply - rain or melt water and elements contained in microscopic dust particles.

Life expectancy in some cases exceeds a hundred years! Even the most unfavorable conditions will not destroy the body - it will simply fall asleep until better times, stopping growth. After awakening, the growth will continue to develop with renewed vigor, because you need to catch up!

They settle on weak or old trees, start young seedlings, then even on them you will soon find unpleasant green or gray growth. You can get acquainted with some types of fungal organism in the photo.

Some of the top reasons for growth are:

• freezing;
• cracked bark;
• dense unventilated crown.

If you do not carry out timely treatment, the shoots will settle under the layer, and the weak infected branches will soon dry out.

Treatment with copper sulphate

Copper sulfate proved to be excellent in the fight against lichens. Before processing, be sure to arm yourself with a tin scraper and carefully scrape off all the growth, being careful not to damage healthy tissue. At the same time, the old bark will be removed, giving the tree a well-groomed and neat appearance. First, cover the ground around the trunk with polyethylene, and after processing, burn everything immediately.

If the lichens are not completely removed, after a few days they should fall off on their own. It remains only to carry out a control check and remove the remnants, which will be quite a bit.

I want to warn you - it is categorically not recommended to carry out processing in summer or winter. You can damage the wood with a scraper or solutions, which will have a very deplorable effect on the crop. When the damage is severe, even a tree weakened by fungal organisms will die.

soap solution

The garden is young, there are very few lichens, then you can get rid of them with a simple solution prepared by yourself. You will need:

• kilogram package of salt;
• a couple of bars of laundry dark soap (the blacker the better);
• 4 liter cans of wood ash.

Rub the soap or cut into small chips, mix with other ingredients and pour a bucket of hot water. Put the soap mixture on the fire and boil for a few minutes. The cooled solution is generously applied to the tree. Processing can be carried out every week, until the complete disappearance of fungal organisms.

Completion of processing

You already know how to deal with an unpleasant-looking growth, now I’ll tell you what to do to prevent its reappearance. Only whitewashing will help here. Usually I use lime, this method of protecting my favorite trees has never let me down.

A bucket of water will need 2 kg (maybe a little more) of lime. When preparing the solution, do not stand close, because the splashes can burn your hands or even your face. Try to carry out work in protective clothing and gloves. Apply a thick layer of white mixture to each tree, at least a meter high. You can whiten the trunks several times a year, successfully prevents the appearance of lichens.

If you don’t want to make life difficult for yourself, purchase a ready-made mixture for whitewashing garden trees in the store. I tried to use such a solution, I just added a little clay to it, so the liquid mixture keeps better on the trunks and does not fall off.

Preventive work

The main condition that guarantees the complete absence of shoots is regular pruning. You can notice that the crowns are too thick, the sun's rays and fresh air hardly make their way through them, an unpleasant gray growth is certainly present on all trunks without exception.

Ruthlessly cut off excess branches, pay special attention to old ones or those that are intertwined in crowns. If you periodically walk around the garden and remove everything superfluous, you can be sure that lichens will not appear there.

It will help to prevent the appearance of fungal organisms by treating the garden with milk of lime. Of course, this only applies to cases where the trees are low. Preparing the mixture is simple - dissolve a kilogram pack of lime in a bucket of cold water. Prepare for the fact that you will have to go to the garden after every rain, otherwise the work will go down the drain.

I think you already know that it is not easy to deal with lichens, but if you get down to work energetically, then soon the garden will be clean and healthy, delighting with the harvest every year. Be sure to watch a useful video, it will certainly help to cope with the growth that is ugly and dangerous for trees. See you soon, dear friends!

Mosses and lichens, which have chosen centuries-old trees somewhere in the thicket of the forest, look bizarre and fabulous. But when they settle in the garden, it becomes a cause for concern.

Lichens are classified as fungi. They are a large group of symbiotic organisms that coexist with green algae. On the trees you can see yellow, green, gray specimens. Some of them look like moss, others form like bushes, or consist of separate plates. Moreover, several species often settle on one plant at once.

In old unkempt gardens, lichen can be found on viburnum, bird cherry, lilac, linden, pear, plum and apricot, and every owner of a garden plot met with lichens on apple trees, gooseberries and black currants.

Gardens in the northern regions are especially actively overgrown with lichen, as well as where there is a high level of groundwater or high humidity due to a nearby reservoir.

Their resilience is to be envied. They can live for several decades. In favorable conditions, when there is high humidity and enough light, the lichen thrives and multiplies. During the period of drought, algae suspend their work, as if "preserved" until better times.

Lichens do not have roots, so they absorb moisture from the air, fog and dew over the entire surface. They reproduce by spores that are carried through the air. In contact with previously affected surfaces, they germinate, forming new colonies.

Reason for the appearance

In almost any tree crown there is a “secluded place” where there is enough light, but there is no strong wind movement, and high humidity remains. There are especially many suitable places on an old tree with a thickened crown.

But only a special microclimate for lichens is not enough. They choose trees and shrubs that have slow bark renewal. This can happen for several reasons:

• the tree is attacked by diseases or harmful insects;
• frost holes appeared on the bark;
• the plant is depleted due to lack of nutrition, moisture or flooding of the roots;
• the crown is not properly formed and updated;
• the tree is quite old.

All reasons (except the last one) indicate that if a tree is covered with lichen, then it's time to worry about its condition.

Delete or not

It is clear that a tree covered with lichen needs to be treated. But what to do with the "neighbors" already living on the branches? Biologists are divided. Some argue that lichens are completely harmless, do not cause any harm. On the contrary, they even emit substances that prevent other protozoa from settling on “their territory”.

The second theory says that lichens themselves do not pose a threat. But due to the fact that they absorb everything that is in the air, pathogenic bacteria accumulate in them, which adversely affect the health of the tree. Moreover, insect pests and excessive moisture can accumulate under the lichen, which can lead to decay or damage to the wood, and the acids they release inhibit the growth of higher plants, delay the germination of herbaceous plants and trees.

Chemical removers

If it is decided to rid the trees of a not entirely advantageous neighborhood, ready-made preparations can be used. For example, MossKade or Mogeton.

MossKade contains lactic acid, starch, oils, proteins. Refers to biological drugs. It is made in the form of a solution, which is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10. The agent acts only on the surface of the lichen, without penetrating deep into. Therefore, when processing old "growths", re-processing may be necessary. You need to spray the plants in the morning, while there is no sunlight and high humidity. It is best to treat in the spring when the lichen is most susceptible.

Mogeton is a selective herbicide based on quinoclamin. Available in powder form. For processing, 150 g of the product is dissolved in 10 liters of water. The product is suitable for the treatment of ornamental plants and lawns. It is not used for spraying fruit trees. The manufacturer claims that 5-6 days after the use of the drug, the lichen or moss completely dies.

Such funds, of course, will help to quickly rid the garden of lichens, but they are expensive. Therefore, most summer residents, as before, use those means that are always "at hand".

Traditional means

In the spring, even before bud break, damaged trees need to be treated with iron sulfate (30 g per 1 liter of water). You should not be late with the treatment, as the solution burns the buds and leaves. A few weeks after the procedure, small lichens fall to the ground. They need to be collected and removed from the site. Spray the soil at the base of the trunk with a solution of urea (2 g per 1 liter of water).

Large colonies are usually removed mechanically. To do this, they are armed with a nylon brush or a wooden scraper (a metal brush can seriously damage the bark). For a diseased tree, this is like death, since there are bound to be diseases that can attack it through wounds on the bark. A film is spread on the ground and the lichen is removed with gentle movements to healthy tree tissue. Then the trunk is disinfected with a 3% solution of ferrous sulfate or lime milk.

In autumn, after leaf fall, trunks and large branches must be whitened. To do this, prepare a solution of the following components:

• 3 kg of quicklime;
• 1 kg of clay;
• 100 g of copper sulfate;
• 0.5 kg of cow manure;
• 10 liters of water.

This composition is not suitable for young trees. It is enough to spray them with milk of lime (1 kg of lime per 10 liters of water).

If the lichen has settled on gooseberries or currants, then the affected shoots are cut out and burned. Also come with small affected branches on trees.

Folk methods

When there are not many lichens, they can be treated with an absolutely safe solution. To prepare it, mix:

• 1 kg of salt;
• 2 pieces of laundry soap;
• 2 kg of wood ash;
• 10 liters of water.

The mixture is brought to a boil, allowed to cool and coated with trunks.

You can also use oxalic acid with success. It is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:8. After such a "cocktail" lichens turn black and fall off. Only when working with acid, it is necessary to protect not only the hands and eyes, but also the respiratory organs.

Preventive measures

So that the remote lichen does not return to its positions, a number of activities must be carried out regularly:

• remove branches growing inside the crown;
• cut diseased branches;
• perform anti-aging pruning;
• on shrubs, remove old shoots in a timely manner;
• spray in the spring with antifungal drugs (Horus, Aktara) not only the crown, but also the trunk;
• whitewash trunks in spring and autumn;
• timely remove plant residues;
• arrange irrigation and fertilization;
• with a high level of groundwater, build a drainage system.

Young trees and shrubs in gardens with high humidity should be planted in the most open, elevated areas. In areas with high groundwater, it is desirable to build high beds.

Love your garden and no lichens will be afraid!

Order the cleaning of trunks and branches from mosses and lichens in the gardens and parks of Moscow, the Moscow region and the Moscow region in the landscape workshop Lenotre-Park. Professional gardeners will not only clean and disinfect tall trees, but also clear away the dense canopy that causes this vegetation on the trees.

Moss and lichens on fruit trees - what kind of attack is this, and how to deal with it? And do you have to fight? Most experienced gardeners confidently declare - it is necessary! Let's look at why, and what ways to get rid of this trouble are used.

Under what conditions do lichens appear on tree trunks?

The main factors provoking the appearance of this trouble can be:

• cracking of the bark, its freezing;
• a very dense crown of a tree, under which the sun's rays hardly penetrate and which interferes with the free access of air;
• abundant watering, creating an excessively humid environment, etc.

Under what conditions does moss form?

In order for yellow moss to appear on the trees, you need to meet only two simple conditions: shade and moisture. Moss loves water very much and does not like the sun. If your site is dark and humid, then with a high probability and soon it will be overgrown with moss, which at the same time is able to crowd out useful plants.

If moss appears on a fruit tree, you should immediately take action. Even a small patch of moss indicates that the soil is waterlogged, its acidity is increased (normally 5.5-6 Ph) or the top of the tree needs thinning.

A dense cover of lichens and moss can grow from the bottom to the very top of the tree, blocking its oxygen. The plant not only begins to bear fruit poorly, but may even die. Its bark becomes rough, undergoes deformation, which is why it bursts during cold weather. The same fungi and microorganisms that settle under mosses and lichens, as well as various insects, get into the cracks. As a result, you have a whole range of troubles at your disposal, which are often solved in only one way - by cutting down a tree.

Lichen control on fruit trees

Considering all of the above, it is necessary to get rid of such a nuisance as lichens on fruit trees. Consider the algorithm of effective actions.

1. Mechanical cleaning

It is necessary to wait for calm weather (ideally - light rain and fog, so that the growths swell a little), spread any protective coating under the tree (film, pieces of linoleum or roofing material, etc.), on which mosses and lichens will fall. We take a simple hard mitten and begin to clean off the neoplasms. As a rule, if the cover is not very dense, it lends itself well to such mechanical cleaning. If it is denser, then you can take a spatula (preferably wooden) or a nylon brush.

To remove moss and lichen, do not use a metal scraper or knife, as they can damage the bark of the tree.

Mosses and lichens that have fallen on the protective coating are to be burned.

You can take care of the bark of trees in this way throughout the year, when possible. But the best time of the year is spring, when there are no leaves on the trees yet, and the buds are not swollen much, or autumn - after leaf fall. At this point, all the branches where there is moss and lichen are visible, which makes it convenient to clean them without damaging the leaves.

2. Disinfection

Mechanical cleaning is a good way to protect the plant from lichens and moss on the trees, but if you just clean the tree and leave, the effect will not last long. After cleaning, it is necessary to disinfect, namely, spray the tree with a 1.5-2% solution of ferrous sulfate (ferrous sulfate). It is necessary to dilute 150-200 g of vitriol in 10 liters of water, and treat all the branches and trunk of the tree with a garden sprayer. It is better to perform this action in dry calm weather.

3. Whitewash

After spraying, you should wait until everything dries. Next, take garden whitewash, add a spoonful of copper sulfate previously diluted in a small amount of water, and whitewash the trunk and all the forks of skeletal branches. After whitewashing, mosses and lichens leave the tree for a long time.

Special decoction

There is another way to process wood after mechanical cleaning. Many gardeners use it, considering it more effective than ferrous sulfate disinfection. It is necessary to make a special decoction, the main advantages of which, in addition to efficiency, are ease of preparation and low cost. Moreover, it does not have any negative impact on the quality of the crop. A bonus from such a tool is getting rid of not only lichens and moss, but also ticks.

For a decoction, you need half a liter of boiling water, in which 600 g of slaked lime is dissolved. The solution is placed on the smallest fire and constantly stirred. Without ceasing to stir the liquid, 400 g of sulfur is slowly introduced into the broth and another one and a half liters of water is added. The solution is stirred until homogeneous and boiled for 15 minutes with the lid tightly closed. After it cools down to 37-40 degrees, the broth can be poured into a hermetically sealed plastic or glass container.

This remedy for lichen on trees is red in color and is a highly concentrated solution that is enough for a large number of trees.

Before treating trees, the solution must be diluted: 100 ml in 5 liters of water (this is one time) and the tree should be treated. The decoction should be used immediately, because after dilution with water, it quickly becomes ineffective, decomposing in the presence of oxygen.

Attention: This product is poisonous to humans! Therefore, before using it, you should wear protective equipment - gloves and special glasses. And before you tightly seal the container with the solution, pour a little machine oil into it along the wall, which will block access to oxygen, due to which the broth is oxidized.

In anticipation of winter, when garden trees get rid of foliage, multi-colored formations become noticeable on trunks and branches: silver, dark gray, white, yellow and even pink. These are lichens. On fruit trees, they occupy up to 60 - 80% of the surface of boles, and old currant bushes can be completely covered with them. Consider in the article how to deal with lichen, which methods are most effective.

A dozen different types of lichen can coexist on the trunk of one tree.

Do I need to get rid of lichens

Such coexistence does not cause direct harm to the plant, but it still has an indirect effect on the development of the plant. It is believed that the lichens that settled in the garden:

• are the cause of detachment of the bark, retaining moisture on its surface;
• contribute to the accumulation of spores of pathogenic fungi, provoking fungal diseases;
• serve as a shelter for garden pests;
• impede gas exchange in the cortex, closing the pores;
• reduce the resistance of the tree to weather anomalies;
• create conditions for serious developmental pathologies.

Causes of lichen on fruit trees

The appearance of lichens on the trunk indicates a possible disease or premature aging of the tree due to deterioration in growing conditions:

• damage to wood due to frost and icing;
• cracking of the bark due to sunburn in winter and early spring;
• excessive growth of the crown due to untimely care;
• prolonged flooding, high groundwater levels;
• damage to the bark by rodents;
• unsuitable place to land.

It is necessary to start the fight against the formation of lichen at the very initial stage. It is important to determine the true cause of the plant's malaise in order to prolong its life. Preventive measures should not be neglected. To improve the light and air regime, sanitary and rejuvenating pruning and crown shaping are carried out. ". To prevent sunburn, the trunks of apple trees and other fruit trees are whitened for the winter. Plantings damaged by pests are treated with fungicides. Organic and mineral fertilizers are applied under weakened shrubs and trees.

Protecting Tree Trunks with Fertilization

Removing lichen from apple trees

The most effective way to deal with lichen on apple trees and other fruit trees is a complete sanitization, consisting of 4 stages. The sequence of actions is given in the table:

Popular ways to disinfect garden trees

For whitewashing fruit trees, various mixtures are prepared, most often based on the components indicated in the table:

In horticulture, iron and copper sulfate is used to combat lichens, mosses, and fungal spores.

The proportions in which the main components of the lime mortar are mixed are given in the recipes below:

1. For 2 buckets of water, take 5 kg of lime, 400 g of wood glue, 1 kg of copper sulfate.
2. For 20 liters of water, 4 kg of slaked lime, 2 kg of oily clay, 500 g of copper sulfate, 2 shovels of cow dung.
3. For a bucket of water, 2.5–3 kg of chalk and 10 tablespoons of dry flour paste.

Tip number 1: The components are thoroughly mixed until a homogeneous creamy consistency of the composition is formed. Too thick will harden and peel off, and the liquid mixture will drain down the trunk.

The layer of whitewash on the trunk should not exceed 3 mm. The color of the whitewash matters. For a reflective effect, it must be lead or gray. To protect against sunburn and temperature fluctuations, a white mixture is prepared - the whiter the better. Lime mortars are popular because of their ease of preparation and low cost, but the protective qualities leave much to be desired.

They are being replaced by ready-made coating mixtures of industrial production. Water-dispersion paints form a breathable film on the surface, which is safe for plants. They are durable, resistant to sunlight, and are not washed off by precipitation.

Apple trees are covered with lime composition to the entire height of the trunk, capturing skeletal branches by 1/3 of the length. For a mature tree, this is approximately 1.8–2 m.

The fight against lichen on the currant

Mechanical processing of berry bushes is carried out somewhat differently than fruit trees. On a currant bush, each twig is not cleaned, but all knots and branches older than 5 years are removed under the root. Thanks to this procedure, young healthy shoots grow intensively. ".

It is advisable to uproot a completely affected non-fruiting bush, replacing it with a modern productive variety. If you want to save the variety, cut off all the branches at ground level, leave 2-3 young healthy shoots from the underground part of the stem. They tidy up the soil, apply mineral fertilizers, and provide watering. Within 2-3 years, a new crown is formed.

Against the spread of lichen on berry bushes, treatment with a solution of iron sulfate is used. For spraying on 10 liters of water take 350 - 500 g of the drug. Preventive treatment is carried out as early as possible in the spring, before the blooming of dormant buds.

Sanitary pruning of currants is aimed at removing diseased branches

As an alternative to proven but outdated types of sanitization, special garden paint is used. This is a modern effective tool for the preventive treatment of the garden and the treatment of diseased trees. As part of the paint "Luck" only environmentally friendly ingredients: herbal remedies and water extracts of birch resin, walnut leaves, pine buds.

Paint Benefits:

• Minimization of labor costs and material investments. The paint is applied in just one layer, which dries completely in a couple of hours.
• Prolonged action. A single treatment provides durable protection for the tree for 2 years.
• Versatility. "Luck" is suitable for absolutely all types of garden plants. It is allowed to paint saw cuts and broken branches instead of special tools.
• Wide spectrum of action. The applied paint repels pests, protects against viruses and fungi, protects the trunk from winter sunburn, increases moisture resistance and frost resistance of fruit trees and shrubs.

A garden treated with "Luck" gets rid of lichens in one season

Council number 2. To protect trees from damage by lichen, the finished paint is applied with a brush, paint roller or spray gun to the trunk and lower skeletal branches.

To protect the crown of a tree or berry bushes, 1 kg of the product is diluted in 15–20 liters of water and the young shoots are treated with a sprayer. Sanitation is carried out in late autumn, after the leaves fly around, or in early spring, before the buds swell.

The main mistakes in garden sanitation

1. Having assessed the effectiveness of chemicals in pest control, including lichen, gardeners use them year after year. Doing this is not worth it. The components of potent drugs are washed off by precipitation, accumulate in the soil, reaching the maximum concentration there, poisoning both the tree and its owner.
2. During mechanical cleaning of the trunk, the cut lichen, moss, insects hiding in the cracks of the bark fall on the soil surface, where they safely winter and breed. Before sanitizing a tree, you need to throw a litter on the ground so that the scraped off pieces of the affected bark fall on it along with the pests. It can be cellophane film, old oilcloth, burlap, tarpaulin or any dense fabric. The garbage collected in this way is carried away and burned.
3. Often, metal washcloths, scrapers, brushes, and other devices that can injure the tree are used to clean the trunk. It is unacceptable to use sharp tools to process cracks, breaks, recesses. Gentle cleaning is carried out with a coarse rag, a washcloth, a brush with synthetic bristles, a wooden knife.
4. In order to save money, gardeners independently prepare preparations for sanitization based on autol, grease, gasoline, nigrol, kerosene, drying oil, petroleum jelly and other improvised means. Mineral oils, like all petroleum products, cause irreparable harm to plants, forming chemical burns and even necrosis on the surface of the trunk.

Answers to topical questions: "How to deal with lichens?"

Question number 1. Is it possible to use acrylic or any other paint as garden whitewash?

Acrylic paint for the treatment of garden plants, especially young seedlings, is not suitable. The pores on the bark will clog, blocking the access of air to the wood. The same consequences will arise from the use of washable water-based paint, which forms an airtight film on the painted surface. To process the garden, it is recommended to purchase a special paint marked "for garden trees".

Question number 2. Does the choice of lichen control agent depend on the age of the tree?

It is noticed that there is practically no lichen on young trees. But if there is a lot of it on neighboring plants, it makes sense to process the entire garden. Impact on the fragile young bark of vitriol and lime is not desirable. To coat the trunk, a mixture of clay, ash and cow dung is prepared.

Question number 3. When is the deadline for processing and stripping trees from lichen?

You can carefully clean off the lichen from the trunk throughout the growing season. It is more convenient to do this when the branches are free from foliage. But iron sulfate can damage already opened buds, so the treatment is carried out in early spring or postponed until autumn. Crown thinning is carried out in March or early October. ".

Question number 4. What is more effective for the first spraying of currants: Bordeaux liquid or a mixture of urea with copper sulphate?

The initial components of the Bordeaux mixture are water, blue vitriol and quicklime. The effectiveness of the application is due to the impact on pests and fungal spores of copper ions, which occurs at the cellular level. Copper compounds are toxic, so Bordeaux liquid should be used with caution.

A mixture of urea with copper sulphate also has a disinfectant effect. But in addition to this, carbamide also serves as a nitrogen fertilizer, being absorbed through the bark and unblown buds.

Question number 5. Do seedlings need to be bleached?

Young trees with smooth bark should not be whitewashed! Whitewash only those trees whose bark is covered with natural cracks and plates.