Difficulty avoiding startup problems heating system, even when the work is done by experts in the field. One of the most common and no less unpleasant of them is an air lock. Why is it so unpleasant for us and ours and batteries, how and with what help to fight it? Let's talk about this in our new article - an air lock or how to bleed air from a heating radiator.

If the battery does not heat up properly and gurgles and hisses are heard from it, oxygen has most likely entered the system. Danger airlock is that it leads to corrosion and after some time can damage the entire heating system. Air enters the system for various reasons, it may be an error during installation or filling the entire system with water, or it may be bad water, which contains oxygen in the form of impurities or bubbles.

What can cause the airiness of the heating system

The result of such an airlock is a decrease in the service life of the radiator, and if an autonomous heating system is used, the shaft bearings break, followed by the pump, since the boiler has to distill air instead of water.

How to properly bleed air from a battery

To release all the gas accumulated in pipes and batteries, you will need a radiator key, with which adjustment is made air valve, such keys are sold in all hardware stores and are different sizes for different batteries. On new battery designs, the valve can be opened with a flathead screwdriver. If you have more than one radiator in your house, make sure you can open the valve on each one, and bleed air from all the radiators installed in the house.

A similar operation must be performed with all the batteries in the house, even if there are no problems with them. For prevention, all gases are usually released once a year and after repairs or any other changes in heating.

Procedure:

• Find a basin or any other container for draining water, then locate the intake and exhaust valves on your radiator and make sure they are open.
• Using the wrench, turn the valve counterclockwise. At the same time, a characteristic hissing sound should be heard, which means that the air safely exits and is replaced by liquid.
• This is where a container is needed, along with air a few drops of water will come out and as soon as a steady stream flows out of the valve, tighten it back.

Types of air vents and their installation locations

• Manual crane Mayevsky.

Also called needle radiator valve distinguished by its simplicity and durability, it is made of brass. The design assumes a body and a screw of a conical shape. All parts are hermetically sealed to each other and securely hold water in the battery. When opened, air is released from a small opening on the side. Mayevsky's crane happens different designs and depending on this, it can open in different ways.

Installation of such a crane does not require special professionalism. The main thing is to choose a crane right size. Before installation, you need to drain the water from your battery, and then unscrew the plug in the radiator cap. For greater reliability, you can wind the FUM tape on the thread.

The product can be purchased at a price of 30 rubles.

• Automatic air vent.

This device automatically removes all gases accumulated in the pipeline, and thus is undoubtedly more convenient than the Mayevsky crane. Made from bronze and of stainless steel. Can be installed with a shut-off valve, which is needed in order to seamlessly replace the air vent.

An automatic air vent is installed in the highest places of the heating system, since the gas is lighter than the liquid and rises to the top. Experts recommend installing a trap behind the boiler, on the collectors and on the most high points where the pipes go.

Prices for such equipment start at 300 rubles.

• Air separator.

The principle of operation of this device is based on the separation of gas from liquid and removes all microbubbles and oxygen dissolved in water from the system. Special PALL-rings are used in the design, and all microscopic air bubbles are caught by their surface. In addition to trapping bubbles, separators also trap dirt circulating in the system.

A separator is installed immediately after the boiler, since most of the oxygen is released from the water when heated and it is best to remove them immediately.

Such equipment can be called advanced and the prices for it, respectively, are higher - from 10 thousand rubles.

• Multistage system.

Considered the most effective method removal of air accumulated in pipes and radiators. It consists in the fact that several types of devices are combined in one circuit. It usually looks like this:

1. Mayevsky crane on batteries.
2. Automatic air outlet next to the boiler.
3. Air outlets on manifolds.
4. Separator after the boiler.

Most the best option usually costs more than others, and our case is no exception. Exact price formed from a specific schema.

The heating system needs constant monitoring. Often, air congestion occurs in it, which disrupts its functioning and can cause an emergency. To avoid this, you need to know ways to help bleed the air from the batteries. Thanks to this, it is possible to improve the quality of space heating and eliminate unpleasant sounds, which often appear in such cases.

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Causes of airiness

Although the heating system is airtight, air often accumulates in it. Especially often this problem is observed in apartment buildings and private houses in the early days. heating season. The main reasons that provoke it are the following:



In some cases, airing is associated with the composition of the water. To fix the problem, you need to install a special filter. Often used in private homes plastic pipes , so the appearance of an air lock may indicate the use of low-quality barrier valves during installation.



Signs and dangers of air locks

Some argue that it is not necessary to air the battery in an apartment or private house before the start of the heating season, but this opinion is erroneous. If you take a thermal image of a radiator in which air bubbles are present, you can see that the places where they accumulate have low temperature. They are cold to the touch.

That is why when the system is aired, the heating efficiency drops noticeably. Even when the temperature outside does not drop below -3 °C, the room will be cool. In a private house, during the operation of a heating boiler, there is also a low heat transfer associated with the presence of air in radiators or pipes.

The owner of the house, when trying to start the heating system, may hear murmuring and gurgling in the batteries, which indicates the need to lower the air masses. In some cases, the sounds are sharper and resemble a knock on metal with a wooden stick. It is urgent to correct this, as a malfunction of the boiler is possible. If there are no signs, but the radiators still heat up unevenly, you can knock on them in different places metal object. In the area of ​​accumulation of air masses, the sound is louder and higher.

In the presence of a large amount of air, the pump that helps fill the heating system with water simply cannot push it into the pipes. This results in a sharper and louder knock. This often leads to failure of not only the pump, but also the boiler, since the latter overheats due to the lack of normal circulation of the coolant.

Tap on the battery - for air release and water drain.

In addition, the metal of batteries and pipes, upon prolonged contact with air, begins to thin out, areas of corrosion appear, which gradually disable the device. It should also be taken into account that constant and uneven heating of the material harms the system and provokes emergencies. That is why it is recommended to bleed air from heating radiators at the first signs of traffic jams.






Ways to solve the problem

Today, there are several ways to help release air from the radiator. In apartments and private houses, this process may differ. As a rule, this is due to the principle of operation of the system in the house, and in multi-apartment buildings, central heating functions in the same way.

To work, you need a special adjustable wrench. If the radiator is a new generation (bimetallic or aluminum), then the usual one will do screwdriver. It is worth keeping a sufficient number of rags nearby, as well as a wide basin, since water leakage is inevitable. After that, you can begin to lower the airlock using one of the popular methods.



Mayevsky crane

Mayevsky's crane is often used in apartments. It is a kind of needle-type valve located on the top of the battery. Models are available with and without a plastic handle. In the first case, no tools are needed. When working with a tap, there is no need to block the entire riser and wait for the coolant to cool. This will reduce the operating pressure. To bleed air, you must perform the following manipulations:



Next, you need to close the tap. If the manipulation was carried out in the apartment, the system is independently filled with coolant. In a private house, it must be filled again in the case when the pump is turned on manually.

Automatic air vent

Such a system is called a float, it is fully automatic and does not require human intervention. The air vent is installed on the radiator in a horizontal or vertical position, reacts to the amount of coolant and, when air masses accumulate, releases them. With a decrease in the amount of water, it lowers and automatically opens the valve that releases the cork. This is very convenient and eliminates various emergency situations.

#86. HOW TO BLEED THE AIR FROM THE HEATING RADIATOR?

However, the device has a drawback - it is very sensitive to the chemical composition of the coolant and, in the presence of a large amount of harmful impurities, quickly fails. Special water filters and regular replacement of the o-ring will help to avoid this.

The automatic air vent is considered ideal option for a private house, since it does not require restarting the system and draining a large amount of water. At correct operation can last a long time.




Battery plug

The previous methods are relevant provided that the apartment or house has modern radiators. However, many buildings are working properly cast iron batteries. It is problematic to properly bleed air from them due to the lack of a Mayevsky crane. Instead, special plugs are installed on the radiators, fixed with paint and tow. To bleed air, follow these steps:



Tighten the cap carefully, but firmly. It is recommended to additionally wrap the threads with a special tape, which will help to avoid leakage of the coolant. Only after fixing is it allowed to reopen the tap supplying water to the system. This method is rarely used in homes and requires certain skills. In their absence, it is better to contact a specialist.

In a private house

Mayevsky is installed in many houses, so when airing the system, you can use the same method as in an apartment building. However, usually such devices are not available, which is why the only way will be to descend through the expansion tank.

Such a device is an indispensable element of any heating system in the house. It can be open and closed type. The first option is easier to operate, and airing the system usually means lowering the water level in the tank. To fix the problem, it is enough to replenish the missing amount of fluid.

If the heating system has a closed tank, the only solution to the problem is to bleed air through the radiators. Before this, it is recommended to try to completely fill the system so that at least 10 liters of water pour out of the control pipe coming out of the tank.

After that, you need to start the system again. If the problem persists, it is recommended to bleed the air masses from the battery, following general recommendations. It should be noted that in old-style heating systems, air in the radiators may appear during intensive operation of the heating boiler.

This is especially often observed when installing solid fuel models without a built-in thermostat. The water heats up excessively, begins to boil away and pour out through the control pipe expansion tank. As a result, it becomes empty and in the presence of cracks that violate the tightness, air masses begin to enter the system. Then you can bleed air with any of listed ways, but before that it is necessary to eliminate holes or cracks. Otherwise, the descent will have to be repeated regularly.

How to bleed air from the Audi 80 cooling system. [@2015]

Prevention methods

In order to constantly not bleed air from the radiators, it is necessary to perform all actions correctly when starting the heating system. open type The system provides for self-filling of pipes with coolant. To do this, open all the valves, ensuring the unhindered movement of water.

The pressure should not be too great. It is recommended to pay attention to the drain valve, which must be closed when filling the radiators. If the heating system is closed, the algorithm is somewhat different. The first step is to close all valves, except for the one that starts the water. Next, you should connect a pump that provides stable pressure in the pipes. The next step is to fill the system with coolant. Only after that should air be bled from the radiators using the Mayevsky crane.

Air in the battery is a common problem in homes and apartments. preventing normal heating of the room. When following the recommendations of experts, he will be able to cope with it a common person no professional skills.

The problem of air in pipes and radiators is faced by owners of private houses with autonomous heating.

But it is even more pronounced in residential and office buildings that are heated centrally.

To combat the airing of thermal mains, several methods are used. We will talk about them below.

What is the risk of accumulation

Air trapped in pipelines and heating radiators causes serious troubles:

• air pockets prevent the normal circulation of fluid in the system.

  As a result, it decreases or even stops flow of coolant into the radiators.

  Batteries do not warm up enough, and by reducing the temperature difference between their surface and indoor air, the heat transfer efficiency decreases;

• air and water are the cause of intense corrosion of internal surfaces.

  Additional factors(for example, adding active chemical substances into the coolant with centralized heat supply) increase the risk of destruction of materials of pipelines and radiators many times over.

Attention! Especially dangerous is the presence of air for aluminum radiators. Electrochemical corrosion of this metal occurs with the release of hydrogen!

Hydrogen in free form is an explosive gas.

In addition, depending on the pH level (determined chemical composition coolant) material and quality protective coatings, contact of aluminum radiators (video of aluminum welding with an electrode, look at the inverter) with other metals, the process of electrochemical corrosion and hydrogen evolution proceeds with different intensity.

At a high rate of gas formation, it does not have time to rise up and creates high pressure zones inside the radiators.

This can damage the integrity of the batteries.

Reasons for appearing on highways

Air in heating systems is an almost inevitable phenomenon. The reasons for its appearance are as follows:

Important! It is difficult to notice a small leak, because the heated coolant evaporates quickly.

Removal methods

How to remove air from the heating system?

The answer to this question depends on the configuration and mode of circulation of the coolant - artificial or natural.

What are air vents

To remove air from radiators and other elements, taps or valves are used.

Perhaps the use of ball valves to bleed air- in houses of venerable age, they are often installed on old cast-iron radiators.

The disadvantage of such equipment– low throughput.

When air is removed, a significant amount of coolant is also drained.

Consumers use this property to drain hot water, for household needs.

Needle valve air vents are more common today.

Manual Needle Valves(the so-called Mayevsky taps) are installed to remove air locks in heating radiators.

They effectively bleed the accumulated air, but due to the small diameter of the calibration and drain holes, they prevent significant losses of the coolant.

Mayevsky cranes - small, convenient for operation, devices.

Their use in district heating is associated with some problems:

automatic type

IN automatic devices ah valve controlled sensor signal. In the design of the devices, float-type sensors are used.

When the liquid level drops to the threshold value, the valve opens and releases air.

An increase in the coolant level causes the sensor to actuate and the valve to close.

These devices operate without human intervention..

Manufacturers produce automatic air vents of horizontal and vertical design.

The performance of these devices allows them to be installed on highways district heating, in places where air pockets are likely to occur.

Important! Automatic air vents are sensitive to the quality and purity of the coolant!

With district heating, multi-stage deairing systems demonstrate the greatest efficiency.

They include automatic air vents, in various places on pipelines, and Mayevsky taps, on radiators and boilers. indirect heating ().

In this case, separate bleed of air from groups of devices, risers, etc. guarantees almost complete removal and high efficiency heat transfer.

It should be remembered! The use of air vents leads to additional losses of the coolant during deairing and an increase in pressure in the lines.

How to detect a blockage and restore circulation

The consumer, on his own, can remove the air lock only in those areas and elements of heating systems where manual air vents are installed.

The operation of automatic devices is controlled and serviced by specialists of organizations - heat suppliers and housing and communal services with the appropriate level of professional training.

Not always, not enough warming up radiators - a consequence of the formation of an air lock.

Other reasons for this phenomenon:

1. insufficient coolant temperature,
2. line losses,
3. decline, etc.

Therefore, before venting the radiators, you need to make sure that the cause is in the air locks, and determine the places of their formation.

Airing is evidenced:

• uneven heating heating appliances.

  An example is the heating of only the lower part of the radiators or its complete absence, while the temperature of the supply and return pipes indicate the arrival of a hot coolant;

• extraneous sounds in the pipes and heating appliances - gurgling, etc.;
• coolant flow (read how to repair pipes made of cross-linked polyethylene).

The place of plug formation is determined by light tapping on the surfaces of heating devices and pipeline sections.

In places where air accumulates, the sound is loud.

To bleed air from radiators, if they are not equipped with Mayevsky taps, loosen the plug.

Air comes out with a characteristic hiss. When the sounds stop and water begins to leak, the plug is tightened again.

The deaeration procedure on radiators and sections of systems with a Mayevsky crane is much simpler and more convenient.

Important! It will not work to remove air without leakage of the coolant! Therefore, a container and / or a rag to collect the liquid will not interfere.

To bleed air:

• turn the locking screw half a turn (turn) until a characteristic hissing sound appears;
• the tap is left in this position until the sounds stop and a uniform stream of coolant appears from the drain hole;
• tighten the locking screw until it stops.

If the problem could not be solved, the procedure is repeated, draining a certain amount (up to 200-500 ml) of the coolant.

When this does not help, they clean the supply pipes and radiators.

Very important! In case of aluminum radiators be sure to comply with the requirements fire safety(read about aluminum welding equipment).

Exhaust gas contains hydrogen- such a mixture is flammable and explosive!

On your own, you can also try from sections of the pipeline.

To do this, alternately close the shut-off valves on the supply pipes.

In each of the heaters equipped with air vents, they try to bleed the air. In most cases, this helps solve the problem.

How to remove an airlock without draining the water from the heating system, see the video.

At the beginning of the heating season, the owners of private houses and residents of the upper floors of urban high-rise buildings are forced to solve the difficult question of how to expel air from the heating system. Because the problem of airing disrupts the circulation of the coolant and reduces its productivity. This fact leads to low-quality heating of housing, excessive fuel consumption, and sometimes to defrosting of the system.

Reasons for the formation of air congestion

Getting rid of air in the system

Why does air appear inside a sealed heating system? This may happen due to:

1. Non-compliance with the standard for the direction of the slope and places of bends of the main pipelines during installation work.
2. Improper filling of the entire system with water.
3. Loose connections of various constituent parts and elements that contribute to the suction of air from the external environment.
4. Incorrect operation of air vents or their absence.
5. holding repair work for replacement of risers, locking mechanisms, heating appliances, as a result of which air enters the heating system
6. Using fresh water to top up the system, Cold water contains enough a large number of dissolved oxygen. As the temperature rises, its concentration in water decreases significantly. The air from the coolant is released in small bubbles, which rise and are collected by an air plug at the extreme upper points of the heating system and radiators.

What causes the presence of air in the heating system

Air locks in radiators lead to uneven heating of battery surfaces. The upper cold part of the radiators with a warm lower zone indicates that they are not completely filled with coolant. Therefore, heating radiators do not give off enough heat to the internal volume of the room.

When the coolant moves in the heating system, the formed air vents contribute to the vibration of the pipes and the occurrence of specific unpleasant sound effects in the radiators in the form of noise, crackling or bubbling.

The air in its composition has oxygen and carbon dioxide, which contribute to the decomposition of magnesium and calcium bicarbonates dissolved in water, as well as the formation of carbon dioxide. As a result of action elevated temperatures, hydrocarbonate compounds turn into limestone deposits, and carbon dioxide leads, after some time, to corrosion of the metal.

The presence of air in the heating system causes a violation in the operation of the main circulation pump. During normal operation of the system, the plain bearings on the pump shaft are constantly in the aquatic environment. When air pockets form, they are subject to the effect of “dry friction”, and the heat released during their operation can damage the sliding rings or disable the shaft.

Therefore, after summer season when starting the pump, it is imperative to bleed the air from the heating system.

Types of air vents and their installation locations

To bleed air from the heating system, there are several types of special valves in the form of manual or automatic air vents. Let's consider each of them in more detail.

Mayevsky crane

According to state system standardization, Mayevsky's manual taps are called needle radiator air valves. They are made of brass, have a reliable and simple design, are used to ventilate the heating system.

Today's market offers several types of these taps, which allows each homeowner to choose the most suitable for their heating system. convenient option. Traditional classic design This air valve has two main parts:

1. Frame.
2. Conical screw.

Mayevsky crane

Thanks to the calibration, all valve elements are tightly located relative to each other, which ensures reliable retention of the coolant. The air from the radiator is bled through a hole in the side area of ​​the case. Depending on the design, Mayevsky's tap opens:

• hand;
• screwdriver;
• special ICMA key.

The launch of the heating system after its installation provides for its mandatory deaeration.

How to remove air with a Mayevsky manual tap

Before carrying out work to remove air, you need to prepare the appropriate tools, a rag and a container to collect water so as not to flood the floor.

1. If a forced circulation pump is built into the autonomous heating system, it must be turned off for the duration of the air bleeding procedure.
2. Then, one turn, very slowly with a screwdriver, you need to turn the tap counterclockwise. Air will hiss out of the radiator.
3. The faucet can be tightly closed after the air stops coming out, and water starts to flow out of the hole.

Automatic air vent

Automatic air vent device

The automatic air vent is a float-valve type device that independently bleeds air from the heating system.. Its design is presented:

• brass body;
• float;
• articulated arm;
• outlet valve.

At the same time, to prevent water leakage, automatic air vents are equipped with screw locking caps. To prevent external contamination, the outlet valve is equipped with a spring-loaded protective cap.

The automatic air vent system works in this way. In the absence of air, its float keeps the exhaust valve closed. As air accumulates in the float chamber, the float lowers, which opens the exhaust valve. After the air leaves the chamber, the float rises again under the action of the lever and closes the outlet valve.

Air separator

Air separators are installed in large autonomous heating systems. The principle of their work is the selection of air from the water with its subsequent conversion into bubbles and further removal.

Air separators are often produced in the same housing as sludge separators. Such a tandem allows you to save space and additionally capture impurities:

• mud;
• sand;
• rust.

Air separators consist of a metal cylinder equipped with an air vent at the top and a valve at the bottom through which the sludge is discharged. Inside the cylinder there is a special tube in which soldered metal grid. Water from the heating system passes through this grid. It is the grid that creates vortex flows of the coolant, which contribute to the braking and lifting of small air bubbles up. Thus, the separated air exits through air chamber. The resulting dirt particles can be removed through the bottom drain cock.

Multistage system

System with air removal devices

To avoid air lock problems, already at the design stage autonomous system heating, it is necessary to provide one very important point. It is based on a multi-stage air exhaust system from each group of heating devices separately. At the same time, for them it is necessary to use specific types of air vents in several installation locations. For example:

• To bleed air from the boiler heat exchanger, an automatic air vent is installed directly on the boiler.
• For each collector, a local air outlet is installed.
• Each radiator is equipped with its own Mayevsky manual crane.
• For risers, special air vents must be used, which must be planned for installation at the highest points.

Conclusion

The functioning of the heating system of any house directly depends on correct execution installation work and maintenance of operating conditions. An important factor in this case, there is a lack of air in the heating system.

Usage necessary equipment to reset it, allows you to create comfortable conditions indoors and trouble-free operation of the heating system.

Dear neighbors, if the radiators in your apartment are not warm enough, just bleed the air that interferes with the circulation of hot water.

IN this case no need to pester the builder or management company, the airiness of the battery is a common phenomenon.

The houses on Sochinskaya Street are equipped with a “smart” system, which can recognize the release of water from the battery as an accident - a rush and block the circulation, that is, the whole house can be left without heating!

What is battery airflow and how to determine it?

If you notice that the batteries do not heat up to full capacity, although yesterday the whole system was working perfectly and the house was warm, the problem is probably that you only need to bleed the air from the battery that is not quite hot. This article will tell you in detail how to bleed the air from the battery.

Before bleeding air, you need to make sure that this is really the cause of the system failure.

First, check all the batteries: if they are all too cold or, on the contrary, too hot, there may be a problem directly in the heater, or maybe some other sediment has accumulated in the batteries. Also watch for water dripping from the batteries. It is possible that there is a leak in the battery, then you just need to turn off the heating system and tighten the nut on the battery inlet valve.

If the situation does not change as a result of the actions taken, the nut may have corroded and must be replaced. There are times when upper floors the batteries remain cold, while the batteries are very well heated one floor below. In such cases, it is advisable to call a master who specializes in this area.

And if, as a result of a detailed examination of the heating system, you did not find any other problems, except that some kind of battery is partially or completely cold, then you just need to understand how to bleed air from the battery.

How to properly bleed air from the battery?

To release air from heating battery use special key, which can open the "air valve".

Most often, in such cases, a special radiator key is used, which can be purchased at a hardware store. Modern batteries allow you to use a screwdriver for such purposes.

Now that you have a wrench or a screwdriver, as well as a container for draining water, inspect the battery and on either side, find a small valve, which is popularly called the Mayevsky tap.

Place a container under the faucet and wait until all excess air has escaped. As soon as the water flows, the first drop will fall - the tap should be closed. Now all the air in the batteries is deflated, and the valve can be screwed back to its original position.