Window size standard: for houses of different types. Sizes of window openings. standard sizes of window openings - GOST Dimensions of pvc windows according to GOST

15.06.2019 Heaters

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What you need to know about window openings - 4 important rules for the beginner builder

In modern housing construction, few people adhere to established standards and restrictions on window openings, so each owner of housing under construction tries to choose their shape and size based on own taste and personal preferences.

In some cases, this approach leads to the fact that an already finished window suddenly turns out to be too small or too large, and sometimes even turns out to be installed in the wrong place.

In order to avoid such situations, in this article I propose to consider the main issues regarding the right choice type and location of windows, as well as common standard sizes of window openings for residential and utility rooms.

Rule 1. What criteria should the window meet

For those homeowners who wish to equip their future home with window openings in accordance with GOST, I recommend that you familiarize yourself with the regulatory and technical document GOST 23166-99 “Window blocks. General specifications". At the same time, I want to warn you right away that this document contains a lot of specialized technical information, which in most cases may turn out to be incomprehensible and useless for many private developers.

So that the reader does not puzzle over this question, then I will try in plain language explain the main provisions of the current State standard for windows:

When choosing specifications for the future window opening, first of all, you need to be guided by the room in which the window will be located and for what purposes it will be used;
The total glazing area of one or more window openings must provide free passage the right amount natural sunlight, which should be sufficient to avoid the use of artificial lighting during daylight hours;
All sizes according to GOST window openings, in principle, are standardized, however, in accordance with current standards, they can vary within a fairly wide range. Therefore, in the next section, I plan to pay more attention to this issue.

The sound insulation class, air permeability and water tightness class, light transmission coefficient, heat transfer resistance value, and sound insulation value must be within the established limits of this normative technical document;
Estimated service life of wooden and plastic frames must be at least 20 and 40 years, respectively, the service life of fittings and double-glazed windows must be at least 20 years, and the service life of the set rubber seals- at least 5 years.
The number of opening / closing cycles of hinged or sliding doors, while maintaining normal performance, must be at least 20,000.

During the design and construction of a house, I recommend using standard sizes window openings for plastic windows, since the manufacture of double-glazed windows irregular shape or non-standard sizes can cost significantly more.

Rule 2. Typical dimensions of window openings in apartment buildings

Window and door openings in apartments multi-storey buildings are part of the outer load-bearing walls buildings, therefore, changing their dimensions, or making any other changes to the design, is strictly prohibited by the current Building Regulations and Rules (SNiP). At the same time, in order to replace or install new windows, homeowners need to know at least the approximate size of the external glazing in all rooms of the apartment.

In most cases, each type and each series of multi-storey buildings have standard windows, and to make it easier for the reader to navigate, then I will give the approximate dimensions of window openings in typical residential apartments:

The houses of the old housing stock, built at the beginning of the last century, are distinguished by elongated rooms, thick walls and high ceilings, so the window openings in such houses most often have a rectangular vertical shape and large enough:

In such apartments, the width of a single-leaf window can be from 850 to 1150 mm, and the average height is about 1900 mm, but sometimes it can reach 2100 mm;
Two wings usually have the same height, but their width can be from 1200 to 1500 mm;
Three-leaf windows are not common, while their maximum dimensions can reach 2400x2100 mm.

The so-called "Stalinist houses", which were built in the period from the 30s to the 60s of the last century, in addition to high ceilings, are distinguished by large and spacious rooms with a separate layout, so single-leaf windows in such apartments are almost never found:

Double-leaf windows have two standard sizes: 1150x1950 mm, and 1500x1900 mm;
For three-leaf windows at that time there was one standard - 1700x1900 mm.

Typical five-story residential buildings that were built in the period from the early 50s to the mid-80s of the last century are commonly called "Khrushchevs". They have a cramped, uncomfortable layout with small kitchens and small walk-through rooms, and the standard ceiling height is no more than 2500 mm. For the manufacture of windows in such apartments, two standard sizes were used, and they are easy to determine even without a tape measure, according to the shape and width of the window sill:

If the window has a wide massive window sill, then its dimensions are 1450x1500 mm for a two-leaf opening, and 2040x1500 mm for a three-leaf opening;
In apartments with a narrow window sill that practically does not protrude beyond the plane of the wall, the dimensions of two-leaf and three-leaf windows are 1300x1305 mm and 2040x1350 mm, respectively.

Newer Brezhnevka houses were built in the 70s and 80s, along with the Khrushchevs, and their main positive difference lies in the improved layout and larger kitchen area. Sample projects there are several series of such houses, and in each series the sizes of windows differ slightly from each other:

Of all the Brezhnevkas, the 600th series is distinguished by the largest windows, since in such apartments the two-leaf opening has dimensions of 2380x1420 mm, and the three-leaf opening - 2690x1420 mm;
In the 602 series, a two-leaf window has a size of 1210x1450 mm, and a three-leaf window has a size of 2100x1450 mm;
The 606th series has the smallest windows: two-leaf - 1450x1410 mm, and three-leaf - 1700x1410 mm.

Modern new buildings are considered to be apartment buildings, which were built from the 90s of the last century to the present. Sample projects modern houses are presented in more than 40 different series, so I will give the dimensions of window openings for several of the most common type series:

137th series two doors - 1150x1420 mm, three doors - 1700x1420 mm;
504th series two doors - 1450x1410 mm, three doors - 1700x1410 mm;
504D series two doors - 1420x1100 mm, three doors - 1420x2030 mm;
505th series two doors - 1410x1450 mm, three doors - 1410x2030 mm;
600.11 series two doors - 1410x1450 mm, three doors - 1410x2050 mm;
The 600D series has only two sashes, in which case the dimensions of the window openings can be 1420x2680 mm, 1100x2360 mm or 1420x2360 mm.

I want to remind you that all the presented dimensions are approximate, and are intended for an approximate calculation of the cost of manufacturing new windows. I strongly advise against using the indicated values when ordering window frames, because in each specific case, all measurements under plastic window must be carried out directly at the installation site.

Rule 3. Sizes and arrangement of windows in private houses

When designing and building private houses, I advise you to choose the size and shape of window openings taking into account the requirements of the same regulatory document GOST 23166-99 “Window blocks. General technical conditions". At the same time, I should note that private developers have more room for maneuver, since this document does not establish any rigid framework and restrictions:

In order not to violate conceptual style project of a residential building, when developing the size and number of window openings, it is necessary to take into account the height of the ceilings, the total number of floors, the area and width of each room, as well as other architectural features of the building;

The optimal height and width of windows should be determined based on the total area of \u200b\u200bthe room, and the required level;
Glazing area and standard sizes of window openings in private houses are regulated by SNiP P-A862. According to the requirements of this standard, in residential and sleeping quarters, the total area of the light opening should be at least 1/8 of the total area of \u200b\u200beach room;
For glazing non-residential and household premises, these dimensions in a private house can be reduced up to 4 times. Thus, in a toilet, bathroom, pantry or boiler room, the window area can be no more than 3% of the total area of the room;

In regions with a cold climate and a short daylight hours, the direction of the windows is best oriented to the south or southwest side of the house;
In a hot climate with a large number of sunny days a year, for less influence of the sun on the internal microclimate, windows should be located on the north or east side of the house;
Ease of use and functional qualities of windows in various premises, largely depend on the height at which the window sill is located relative to the level of the finished floor. From my own experience, I recommend using the following values:

In the living room, bedroom or nursery game room optimal height from the floor level to the window sill is 700-900 mm. This size provides a good panoramic view and the most efficient transmission of natural sunlight;
For the kitchen, the height of the window sill can be from 800 to 1200 mm. This is due to the fact that the window sill should be flush with the sink and countertops of kitchen furniture;

In a toilet, bathroom or bath, it is customary to make the height of the window sill at least 1600 mm. This is done to ensure quality natural ventilation, and at the same time make it as difficult as possible for unauthorized persons to peep at the residents during intimate procedures;
On insulated balconies, verandas and closed summer terraces, the window sill board should lie on top of the side railing, while its height can be from 700 to 1100 mm.
In household and utility rooms, the light opening is usually made in the form of a low window or a wide horizontal window, which is set at a level of 1600-1800 mm from the floor.

When choosing a place to install windows in a country house, I advise you to pay attention not only to technical points but also on the aesthetic side of the issue. There are no trifles in this business, for example, neat beautiful brickwork and stylish exterior finish window openings have a significant positive influence on the appearance facade, and on the aesthetic appearance of the whole house as a whole.

Rule 3. Features of the arrangement of window openings in a brick house

For arranging a window in the wall brick house, in accordance with technical project, starting from a given height, several rows of bricks do not fit, resulting in brickwork a window opening is formed.

In order not to go into the technical details of the work of masons, below I will talk about what a quarter is in window opening what it is used for, and how to make an opening for a wooden or plastic window in a brick house.

I want to say right away that the width of the opening with inside houses should always be made a few centimeters wider than the design dimensions window frame. Thus, in the top view, a ledge is formed in the side walls, which is called a quarter;

During installation, a wooden or plastic window frame is installed from inside the house into the slope extension, and rests with its front part against the rear edge of the quarter;
Thus, high-quality thermal and waterproofing of the window is ensured. This is achieved due to the fact that cold wind and slanting rain from the street cannot directly penetrate the gap between the outer slope and the window frame.
After the laying of the side walls is completed, it is necessary to lay the top window slab on the top row of bricks. It is a horizontal jumper, which should take on the load from all other rows of bricks and ceilings located above the window opening;
As a jumper, a thin reinforced concrete beam 250-300 mm wide, a metal channel or a thick-walled steel corner with a section of at least 120x120 mm are most often used;

The main disadvantage of steel lintels is that the metal has a high thermal conductivity, so the so-called cold bridges are formed above the windows. To minimize the possibility of low temperatures entering the home, decorative trim outside the house must be made using heat-insulating materials;
The jumper should be of such length that after laying it completely covers the window opening, and goes from above to the side brick walls not less than 100 mm on each side;
After installing the jumper, I advise you to once again check the conformity of the dimensions of the window opening, and then proceed with the further laying of the next rows of bricks above the window opening;
Installation of window blocks, sealing the remaining gaps and finishing inside is usually done at the very end, after the whole house is built and the roof is mounted, so I plan to talk about installing windows separately in the next article.

In order to make an arched window of a semicircular or oval shape with my own hands, I advise you to use two metal corner or a channel of suitable section. To do this, you need to make many deep cuts at a distance of 50-100 mm from each other in one of the shelves of each corner, or in two narrow shelves of the channel, using a grinder. After that, any profile metal rolling will be easy to bend into an arc along the desired radius.

Rule 4. Arrangement of a window opening in an aerated concrete house

The manufacture of window openings in an aerated concrete house is generally carried out according to the same principles as in brick houses. The exception is load-bearing elements and upper horizontal lintels, since they are cast from monolithic reinforced concrete directly at the installation site.

For making vertical load-bearing elements at home, special hollow aerated concrete blocks are used. After they are installed on top of each other, a vertical cavity is formed inside them in the form of a well;

These blocks perform the functions fixed formwork . Reinforcement is installed inside the resulting well, and then liquid concrete mortar is poured to the very top;
After the concrete solution hardens, a monolithic layer is formed inside the aerated concrete blocks. reinforced concrete column which has a high bearing capacity. I recommend initially laying such columns in the project, and placing them at the corners of the house, as well as along the edges of wide window and doorways;
Upper window coverings have a similar internal organization, only open-top U-shaped blocks made of heavy grades of aerated concrete are used as fixed formwork for pouring concrete mortar.

Inside the finished window opening, vertical supports from scraps of thick bars or steel pipes must be installed and rigidly fixed;

Fix a thick, even board flat on top of them, and then lay out the U-shaped blocks in such a way that they form the upper edge of the window opening with their lower plane;
In the resulting hollow gutter, you need to lay the reinforcing cage, and weld its ends to the protruding bars of the reinforcement of the vertical columns, and then fill the entire gutter to the top with liquid concrete;
After the solution hardens, a rigid bulkhead of monolithic reinforced concrete is formed above the window opening, closed on all sides by aerated concrete blocks.

AT aerated concrete houses preparing windows for PVC mounting windows can begin only after the final solidification and maturation of the monolithic-concrete mixture. Depending on the brand of concrete solution, this period can last from 14 to 28 days.

Aerated concrete has an open, finely porous structure, due to which it strongly absorbs moisture, therefore, under the influence of precipitation, it can crack and collapse over time. To prevent this from happening, I advise you not to waste time, and immediately after construction, carry out protective and decorative design outside aerated concrete houses, with the use of hydrophobic water-repellent finishing materials.

Conclusion

In this article, I talked about installing windows in brick and aerated concrete houses, and deliberately did not mention here about log cabins, because the installation of windows and sealing in wooden house- This is a topic for a completely separate article. The fact is that during the construction of log cabins and frame-panel houses made of wood, it is necessary to take into account a lot of specific points that are not inherent in houses made of mineral building materials.

To visually consolidate the information received, I recommend watching the attached video in this article, and if you have any comments or suggestions, I am ready to discuss them in the comment form.

Before building a house, you need to be very careful about the size of the windows. Window sizes should be optimal. According to GOST total area windows should not exceed 6 m2, the area of the opening part should not exceed 2.5 m2. To get quality, reliability and practicality in glazing your future home, you need to clearly comply with all the requirements of building codes and, of course, the state standard. If during construction country house If you decide to install panoramic glazing, you need to take into account that the area of one stained-glass window is not more than 6 m2. This will save you a lot of misunderstandings, and suppliers will provide you wide selection window blocks.

When purchasing finished products, first of all, you need to pay attention to the area of \u200b\u200bopening parts. Their value should not exceed 2.5 m2. Otherwise, you need to demand a quality certificate and an act for performing tests according to safe operation. Cause - inconsistency state standard providing safe use products.

It is imperative to check that the mass of the opening elements is no more than 80 kg (according to GOST - a maximum of 75). This can lead to the destruction of the window unit, as well as injury to users.

Windows should open into the interior of the room, except for those overlooking a balcony or loggia, otherwise this should be indicated in the project.

Competent calculation of the dimensions of GOST windows is carried out according to special generally accepted formulas.

Window openings must be designed in accordance with GOST standards. GOST implies a state standard.

This standard will help to understand the features, main advantages and disadvantages of wooden, plastic, PVC windows.

It should be noted that it is in GOST 11214-86 and GOST 23166-99 “Wooden windows and balcony doors with double glazing for residential and public buildings» all the requirements and features of windows and doors and their standardization are spelled out.

A special standardization was carried out for all features and norms for the size of the opening and windows for a height of 60, 90, 120, 135, 150, 180 cm, and a width of 60, 90, 100, 120, 150, 180 were designated.

So, in GOST e the following values \u200b\u200bare prescribed: 560x870 (opening 610x910); 560x1170 (opening 610x1210); 860x870; 860x1170; 860x1320; 860x1470; 1160x870(1170, 1320,1470); 1460x(1170, 1320,1470).

Standard window dimensions

All windows have differences and, according to GOST, are divided according to the methods into rooms that open inward, open outwards and do not open (they are most often called deaf). At the same time, GOST states that it is not advisable to use blind windows above the first floor, because there is no possibility of airing the premises. The exception is window blocks overlooking the balcony and having dimensions of 400 x 800. The installation of blind windows in other rooms is negotiated in the project.

In typical rooms, window sizes often have their own characteristics and can be different.

Therefore, standard GOST window sizes in some cases may mean approximate values and may be adjusted. In the manufacture of window blocks, a deviation of linear dimensions of +2 and -1 mm is allowed. The deviation of the diagonal size of a rectangular window block with a side length of up to 1400 mm is allowed 2 mm, if the side is longer, then 3 mm.

Dimensions according to standards can be different, for example, up to 15 cm, and in panel rooms, the average size of a window with 2 sashes is 1.3 m in height and 1.4 m in width. Three-leaf windows with a height of 1400 mm, a width of 2050 to 2750 mm.

For example, in Khrushchev-type rooms, windows that have wide window sills measure approximately 1.45 m by 1.5 m, and with narrow window sills - 1.3 m by 1.35 m. affordable price PVC windows.

Thus, the dimensions of the windows in the "Khrushchev" largely depend on the width of the window sill itself.

When calculating skylights ny blocks are based on typical standard dimensions, however, you must always take into account the angle of the roof. The shallower the roof, the higher the height of the window. The distance between the rafters should be 40-60 mm larger than the size of the window.

GOST for plastic windows dimensions

Currently, plastic windows are found and manufactured in all sizes and shapes of varying degrees of complexity.

Plastic windows today are the most optimal and popular type of windows, because they are very practical, electrostatic, frost-resistant and quite reliable.

That is, all the necessary thermophysical and mechanical parameters are properly observed. Plastic windows today are already quite affordable for the masses.

When purchasing and installing such windows, it is also necessary to take into account GOST for plastic windows dimensions.

According to GOST, the standard sizes of plastic windows are not universal: their sizes can vary up to 10-15 cm.

For example, the dimensions of a double-leaf window in panel house are equal to 1300 by 1400 mm. The size tricuspid window- 2050-2070mm by 1400mm. The remaining parameters have windows in the Khrushchev rooms: 1450 by 1500 mm and 1300 by 1350 mm and 2040 by 1500 mm.

Determine the dimensions of a standard plastic window and make the correct calculation approximate cost possible only knowing the type of house.

AT recent times very frequent cases are noticed when many orders are received regarding the manufacture large windows. Large plastic windows look quite aesthetically pleasing, attractive and solid.

Interesting! Plastic flows and puddles on the windowsill (Water),

It can be done more, but you need to take into account the fact that this option will be very unreliable and the design will deteriorate soon.

In the variant of the presence of deaf valves, we note that optimal solution will be, if you do not make them more than 1000 square meters. mm, otherwise a huge load on the double-glazed window will be felt, which will lead to defects and various damages.

In fact, you can order plastic windows of any size, even non-standard ones, another question is whether this window will fit your room and look neat and reliable.

Based on economic considerations, it is a standard plastic window that will cost you less than a non-standard ordered one.

PVC window sizes according to GOST

Currently, it is very common to meet windows made of PVC structures. The number of companies that offer such plastic windows is growing rapidly.

But obviously, all products cannot be of proper quality and directly depend on the literacy and high professionalism of specialists.

Standard PVC (polyvinylchloride) windows, as a rule, are characterized by reliability, a high degree of tightness and an attractive appearance, although they are not without drawbacks.

However, old wooden windows cannot be compared with a new plastic window in all these characteristics, even if it is made from the most ordinary PVC system.

Dimensions of PVC windows according to GOST. When you need to install PVC windows, you need to be especially careful about the norms and standards of installation.

If this type of window faces the street, and you do not have an air conditioner, then the thickness of the double-glazed window must be at least 32 mm.

And if the PVC window opens onto a glazed balcony, then the standard 24 mm is enough.

Guided by established standards, a good distance between glasses is 10-16 mm.

If the distance is made smaller, then the thermal insulation process of the window will not be as effective.

Wooden windows GOST size

Wooden windows currently not as popular as before, but still used to this day. Wooden windows are characterized by an aesthetic appearance.

Windows are attached to standard wooden windows rectangular shape, which have a transparent transparent or opaque paintwork.

Intensity of lighting in the room;

Type and dimensions of the building;

The level of natural light and others.

If the windows are made in accordance with the requirements of GOST, then the customer must be completely sure that this product will be as reliable, efficient and durable as possible.

In other words, such windows will be characterized by excellent quality assurance, safety and long term operation.

By by and large GOST implies threshold indicators and real optimal schemes, focuses on ways that best meet the main requirements of the building.

That is why it is so important to know the requirements and standards of GOST.

And also you can watch a video instruction for self-installation of plastic windows

The dimensions of the doorway (as well as the window opening) can be standard and non-standard. In order to put the box and the canvas in the latter, it becomes necessary to manufacture a door (or window) to order. This, of course, will significantly affect the final cost of the order, as well as an increase in the duration of the work. To avoid these nuances, there is such a thing as a standard. A standard doorway (or window) will save time and money. It will not be difficult to mount the structure in it yourself. In addition, today manufacturers offer a huge selection various models windows and doors in standard sizes.

The standard size of the doorway for the interior and entrance doors of the apartment

In order to avoid unexpected situations, it is necessary to seriously consider the dimensions of doors and doorways. It is best to choose in advance the company in which you will order an interior or entrance structure, and consult with experts regarding the dimensions of the free space for it. It is worth noting that the standards for these indicators in some firms may be different. However, many firms adhere to the following door standards:

Height 2 meters, width - 60; 70; 80 cm
Height 1.9 meters, width - 55 cm

Highly important aspect- in which room the structure is installed (with or without a window). For rooms without windows, the following parameters of the opening under the door are typical (standard sizes):

2070 x 970 mm
2070 x 870 mm
2070 x 770 mm
2070 x 670 mm
1970 x 670 mm
1970 x 62 mm

Here, however, it is worth clarifying that these dimensions are also suitable for recesses for double-leaf doors.

For rooms with windows, their dimensions:

2070 x970 mm
2070 x 870 mm
2070 x 770 mm
2070 x 670 mm
1970 x 670 mm
1970 x 620 mm

To calculate the dimensions of the opening for sliding doors you need to know that a standard door with a sliding kit (rollers with a rod, a lower guide flag) has a height of 2005 mm. Space under sliding structure should be smaller and narrower than the canvas, vary between 1900-2002 mm.

For entrance structures, openings with a height of 2050 mm or 2150 mm are standard, the most common width is 1000 mm or 900 mm.

How is the height and width of the window opening determined during the construction of a residential building

During design and construction apartment buildings most often adhere to standard window openings. The same practice is observed in the construction of a private dwelling. This saves a significant amount of time and money when installing insulating glass units.

The standard dimensions of the space for windows are designed taking into account the functional purpose of the building, the dimensions of the room, and natural light depending on the location of the house.

For example, a residential multi-apartment panel house has the following parameters:

Double-leaf windows - height 1400 mm and width 1300 mm.
Three-leaf - height 1400 mm, and width 2050 mm or 2070 mm.

Khrushchev houses have a completely different approach to window openings: the dimensions depend on the width of the window sill. A double-glazed window with a wide window sill is installed in an opening of 1450x1500 mm, a three-leaf one - 2040x1500 mm. Narrow window sills in Khrushchev suggest 1300x1350 mm (for two leaves) and 2040x1350 mm (for three leaves)

The design of buildings for any purpose is carried out taking into account certain window sizes depending on the requirements of the necessary lighting of the rooms. The data of the indicator of illumination depend on the dimensions of the building, its purpose, the level of natural light and other factors. Also of great importance is the ability of the window block to transmit light into the room.

The ratio of room size to window size is determined by a generally accepted formula based on established building codes and regulations. These standards define the permissible value of the lighting coefficient in public and residential areas located north of 45 degrees and south of 60 degrees latitude. For example, if the building is located north of 60 degrees, then a factor of 1.2 must be applied. If the building is located south of 45 degrees north latitude, then the illumination should be determined using a coefficient equal to 0.75. The indicators are calculated with the condition of mandatory window washing, depending on the location of the building. So, it is necessary to clean windows in buildings located not in polluted areas of the city at least 2 times a year, and in buildings located in industrial areas, windows should be cleaned at least 4 times a year. In addition, the ability of a window opening to transmit light is affected by the number of glasses and the distance between them. Since the light rays are refracted and absorbed (if there are more than 2 glasses in the frame), the illumination in the room is significantly reduced.

During the construction of certain buildings, standard GOST for window sizes. However, in some non-standard cases, indicators may be adjusted. Depending on the type of window frame, standard window sizes are distinguished for:

window block double glazing;
triple glazing window unit;
single glazing, terrace frames.

In accordance with GOST 11214-86, 23166-99, standard sizes of window openings with a height of 60 are established; 90; 120; 135; 150 and 180 cm and 60 wide; 90; 100; 120; 135; 150 and 180 cm and provided for humidity of 8-12%.

Standard window sizes consist of a set of section elements and glasses directly. For example, if a standard window unit with a width of 1320 mm, a side section of 85 mm and an average section of 130 mm, then the width of the glass in each sash must be at least 525 mm. At the same time, approximately 7.5 mm of glass should be included in the window trim on all sides. After carrying out simple calculations, it turns out that the apparent width of the glass is 510 mm. The standard size of the window opening also depends on the construction of the walls and the dimensions of the quarter. Below are tables of typical window sizes with approximate prices.

Table 1. Standard sizes of single-leaf windows.

Opening dimensions, mm.				Cost, r.
Height	Width	Height	Width	Cost, r.

Table 2. Standard sizes of tricuspid windows.

Opening dimensions, mm.		Standard sizes of windows, mm.		Cost, r.
Height	Width	Height	Width	Cost, r.

Table 3. Standard sizes of double-leaf windows.

Opening dimensions, mm.		Standard sizes of windows, mm.		Cost, r.
Height	Width	Height	Width	Cost, r.

Schematic representation of one-, two- and three-leaf windows.

Sizes of windows in residential premises.

It happens that in the same panel house they differ by 10-15 cm. In such situations, you have to forget about standard sizes and, to measure the size of windows, you need the help of a qualified specialist. Bivalve standard window must comply with the following dimensions: height 1300 mm and width 1400 mm, for a three-leaf window standard size: width from 2050 to 2070 mm, height 1400 mm. It is to these indicators of standard window sizes that it is necessary to equalize during the construction of residential buildings in order to avoid difficulties with possible further replacement of windows.

in Khrushchev windows size depends on the width of the window sills. In cases where the window has wide window sills, the size is 1450 mm by 1500 mm for two leaves, and 2040 mm by 1500 mm for three leaves. Narrow window sills suggest window sizes for two sashes 1300 mm by 1350 mm and for three sashes 2040 mm by 1350 mm.

For calculating the size of skylights, in addition to the standard parameters, the angle of the roof slope is taken into account. There is a pattern, which consists in the fact that the height of the window directly depends on the flatness of the roof. The distance between the rafters should be at least 4-6 cm wider than the window frame.

Despite the fact that in one typical house may not match, based on the type of house, you can roughly determine the size of the windows. In addition, the angle of incidence of the sun's rays is of great importance in determining the window dimensions.

Sizes of plastic windows.

PVC windows can be of any size and be absolutely of any complexity. Recently, it has become fashion trend make plastic windows large sizes. Such windows look very impressive and beautiful, but it is worth remembering practicality and durability. For example, in order for the structure to last as long as possible, it is better not to make an opening sash with an area of more than 900 square meters. mm. Deaf sashes should not be made more than 1000 sq. mm. this limitation is due to the fact that, as a result of increased load, the double-glazed window does not deform in a short time.

Modern technologies make it possible to make a plastic window of non-standard sizes, taking into account all wishes. However, custom-made windows will cost more than standard ones. Whether such spending is justified depends entirely on window opening size.

Doorways are indispensable elements of any room, and how convenient it is to enter the room and move large objects depends on their size. With a few exceptions, the premises also have window openings, the dimensions of which should provide the necessary level natural light and access fresh air. The dimensions of doors and doorways, as well as windows, are regulated by standards (GOST), as well as building codes and rules (SNiP).

This allows you to avoid confusion in the design and construction to create normal conditions for the operation of residential, industrial and public buildings and structures. The size of the doorway is selected based on the convenience of the passage of people, as well as in accordance with the intensity of movement inside and outside the room. There are criteria by which typical dimensions windows.

Dimensions of openings for interior doors and standard doorway of the front door

Speaking of standard doorway the size of the door leaf must also be taken into account. These are interrelated parameters that affect the convenience of entering and exiting the premises. In accordance with GOST 6629-80, the width of the opening is taken from 670 to 1872 mm, and the width of the door leaf from 600 to 1802 mm. At the same time, blind doors have a slightly smaller width than glazed ones. The height of the openings can be 2071 and 2371 mm, and for the canvas this value is 2000 and 2300 mm, respectively.

There is a dependence that is taken into account when choosing conventional hinged doors. First, the final dimensions of the opening under the door are determined, the dimensions of which are 70-80 mm larger than the canvas. Based on this ratio, the door is selected. Height and width interior doors in accordance with existing standards and requirements less than input. This is due to the need to provide more free passage and carrying large items.

The dimensions of the opening for sliding doors are regulated by the same standard, while door leaf has slightly different dimensions. Unlike ordinary doors, sliding doors are 50-60 mm larger than the corresponding opening parameter. This is due to the fact that in this case the canvas moves parallel to the wall and must completely block the entrance to the room.

Standard dimensions of window openings: how is the width and height of the window opening determined?

For window openings, dimensions are regulated by GOST 11214-86. This standard also determines the dimensions of balcony doors. In accordance with it, the width of the windows can be from 870 to 2670 mm, and the height from 1160 to 2060 mm. The size of these parameters is influenced by the area of the room, the required level of illumination, as well as the architectural features of the building as a whole and the room in particular. As a rule, the area of the window is chosen in proportion to the area of the room, as well as the size of the whole house.

The size of the opening affects the window glazing scheme, the number of sashes and transoms. GOST 11214-86 also defines the dimensions of doors for access to a balcony or loggia. Balcony doors are standard height 2755 mm, but depending on the number of leaves and the characteristics of the canvas, they can be 870, 1170 and 1778 mm wide.

Windows are one of the important components that affect the architectural appearance of the building, and therefore they are chosen in such a way that they look organically and proportionately on its facades. Standard window dimensions are used for all standard solutions, although in individual projects it is allowed to use other sizes that allow highlighting the original architectural solution.

And a little more about GOSTs

What standard window sizes are used in residential buildings?

To date, the standard dimensions of windows are established by GOST 11214-86 and GOST 23166-99 "Wooden windows and balcony doors with double glazing for residential and public buildings." It clearly indicates technical requirements to structures, types, types, markings and standard sizes of windows and window openings in residential buildings. According to GOST, the standard size of windows is affected by the dimensions of the opening, the material from which the window is made, and its type. Therefore, standardization was carried out in all directions and norms for the size of the opening and windows were determined for a height of 60, 90, 120, 135, 150, 180 cm, and a width of 60, 90, 100, 120, 150, 180. For example, GOSTs offer such dimensions: 560x870 (opening 610x910); 560x1170 (opening 610x1210); 860x870; 860x1170; 860x1320; 860x1470; 1160x870(1170, 1320,1470); 1460x(1170, 1320,1470).

What door sizes can be used in residential areas?

GOST 6629-88 states that the minimum width of an internal blind door is 670 mm, while the leaf is 600 mm, and for a glass door it is 740 mm. As practice shows, this is not always enough for a comfortable stay. It is worth remembering that furniture may have to be brought in through the opening, and therefore it is advisable to increase the dimensions of the opening. So for the bedroom and others living rooms door dimensions must be at least 90 cm, and the clearance must be at least 80 cm, and for the bathroom you can use door sizes according to GOST.

Balcony Door Standards

Standard Width balcony door depends on the type of building. For example, the standard width of a balcony door for Khrushchev-era structures was 680 mm. AT this moment there are no strict SNIPs (building codes and regulations) that establish certain minimum standards for a balcony door. Therefore, it is necessary to proceed from the technical possibilities. For example, the minimum leaf width of a plastic balcony door is 450 mm, but if you install such a design, it will be problematic to pass through it. And therefore the best option an opening with a width of 610 mm is considered. The figure shows various options installation of a balcony door in residential premises.

The width of the window opening during design. What needs to be considered?

During the design of the future house, it is necessary to pay attention to the width of the window opening, its height, geographical position at home and the direction in which the window will go. First of all, the area of the opening should provide normal light transmission of the window unit, sunlight should enter the room for 2.5 hours with continuous lighting, and the ratio of the area of the room to the area of the window should be at least 1:8. After the calculation of the area, it is necessary to choose the size of the opening. It is best to refer to GOST 11214-86 and use standard sizes for country houses, since non-standard values will lead to additional costs and problems.

Standard sizes of windows in a panel house. How to take measurements?

The standard sizes of windows in a panel house have long been known. For example, if the house is of the P-49 series, then the typical dimensions of the window are 1310 by 1520 mm, if P-46, then 1470 by 1420 mm. But very often the builders made mistakes, and even in the same house the windows can differ in size from each other. That is why it is important to take accurate measurements. To do this, you will need a tape measure and a metal ruler. With a tape measure we measure the width and height of the window, and we stick the ruler down the slope and measure its depth. Thus, the sum of the width of the window and the depth of the slope on both sides is the width of the opening. After you need to check the diagonals, and if they are the same, you can start calculating the size of the window. As a rule, 2-4 cm are subtracted from the width of the opening. As for the height, we subtract 2 cm from the height of the window from above, and from the bottom, the height of the profile strip under the window sill.

How to choose the size of the front door?

In order to choose the right size of the front door, you need to know the size of the opening, after that you can use the tabular values \u200b\u200bof the standard sizes of the door and the doorway and choose the right option for yourself. If the size of the front door differs from the standard values, then you will have to use a double-leaf, or half-leaf front door. It is also necessary to remember that a door that opens outward not only saves space in the hallway, but is also safer.

Dimensions of doorways. What needs to be remembered?

When choosing door and window openings, it is necessary to remember certain subtleties. First of all, I would like to note that it is best to design door and window dimensions that meet the standards. There is a misconception that more is better. The larger the connector, the heavier the structure will be, and this becomes a problem, especially in a draft. Also very often the fittings fail. As for the window, the main thing here is not to overdo it, as huge windows in small rooms create a feeling of discomfort and insecurity. When calculating dimensions, do not forget to take into account the mounting gap and the material of the box, since the thickness depends on it.