To maintain comfortable temperature conditions indoors, different autonomous systems. When considering various engineering solutions, it makes sense to carefully study the boilers long burning on firewood for the house, prices, reviews. This equipment has a number of advantageous parameters that will be useful to prudent owners to obtain the desired result without unnecessary costs and hassle.

To make a decision on an important issue, a cursory study of beautiful catalogs in a specialized salon is not enough. Experienced sellers are interested in the sale of expensive goods that are stored in a warehouse for a long time. To constructively discuss technical parameters with them, use the materials in this article. They will help to more accurately formulate the requirements for the composition and characteristics of the equipment.

Why is this technique needed?

Traditional stoves, wood-fired boilers, are not suitable for heating a private house. They take up a lot of space. It is necessary to control the combustion process. Fuel must be added regularly (too often) to maintain performance. When using classical methods, it is formed a large number of waste. Indirectly, this confirms the irrational use natural resources. Today's users prefer economical equipment that does not require extensive maintenance.

Such a technique with decorative trim looks pretty. It is installed in interiors, rather, for decoration. Occasionally, a fireplace is used for local heating. It should be emphasized that a lot of useful heat goes outside along with the combustion products.

Operating principle

To eliminate or minimize the above disadvantages, apply different solutions. Developer ideas are easier to understand with an example standard design.

This list contains the main elements, their purpose and principles of operation:

• Firewood (1) is loaded through the top door (3). A large batch of fuel is placed in a large chamber. Here the wood is removed excess moisture. In this volume, the temperature rises to +400°C.
• Firewood is set on fire from below (2). The combustion process can be regulated by the amount of incoming air through the middle door (4). It is set at a level sufficient for pyrolysis - the formation of combustible gases. Therefore, the initial fuel is consumed slowly.
• In the lower part, the process of combustion of gases with temperatures up to +1200°C is supported. Not much ash is produced. It is removed through the bottom door (6).
• The exhaust air passes further through the heat exchanger of complex shape (7). Here the temperature is from + 140 ° C and above, which is enough to additionally heat the liquid. Chilled gases enter the chimney.
• External door (5), insulating pads, insulation - these elements prevent the penetration of valuable infrared radiation to the outside.

Features of different designs

These figures show that the main camera can be installed not only at the top, but also at the bottom.

The first figure shows a complex forced system removal of combustion products. An electric fan (4) is necessary as the process is intentionally slowed down. In this mode, the natural thrust is too low for effective removal waste gases.

To increase the efficiency, the heat carrier is heated in different parts boiler. Liquid is supplied from below. It rises inside the hollow walls. Exhaust gases pass through complex structures, inside which the temperature of the water also rises.

Comparison with alternative solutions

The following are examples heating equipment other types, advantages and disadvantages are noted.

For the operation of this technique, special solid fuel, in granules, is needed. Its movement into the combustion chamber is mechanized. For this, special transport screw devices are used. The complexity of the design increases the likelihood of breakdowns.

In such equipment, fuel with a higher calorific value is used. But you have to understand that it costs more. Accurate coal dust creates a lot of trouble. It quickly pollutes the equipment and premises, so there are additional difficulties during operation.

The only significant disadvantage of this fuel is its high cost. It should be taken into account in comparative calculations that storage will require a special sealed container of large volume. During the cold season, the warehouse must be heated. Otherwise, you will have to buy expensive diesel fuel with special winter fillers.

Such equipment requires centralized communications. The use of liquefied gas for heating will be associated with excessive costs.

It - electric heater. At small sizes it is able to completely solve the problems of heating a large private house. Its cost is low, and the connection does not cause difficulties for ordinary users. The control of such equipment is characterized by increased accuracy, minimal inertia. This technique is better than analogues in all respects. But the widespread transition to equipment of this type is impossible due to the high cost of energy resources.

Boilers for heating on wood of long burning of factory production

These equipment features quality equipment useful when choosing the right products:

• In modern modifications of long-burning wood-burning boilers with a water circuit, forced ventilation. This simplifies the precise dosing of fresh air.
• Temperature and pressure sensors help automate the combustion process. The signals from them are sent to the electronics unit, which performs corrective actions without the need for additional settings.
• In some models of boilers, wood, coke, coal can be used. The acquisition of such equipment expands the range suitable species fuel.
• Built-in electronic and mechanical devices provide good protection against overheating.
• Changing the modes of the software-electronic unit, taking into account data on room temperature optimizes fuel consumption.

With the help of specialized electronic equipment, the management of long-burning wood-fired boilers for the home is simplified without a significant increase in price. Feedback from consumers and specialists confirm the improvement in control and protective functions. In some configurations, it is possible to receive data remotely with the supply of control signals via a mobile connection of the GSM standard.

Homemade long-burning wood-burning boilers for home heating

For independent creation of heating equipment, you can use following construction.

Here, air is supplied through a pipe. Under its own weight, the piston moves down. If you correctly set the gaps between it and the walls, complex adjustments will not be required.

Note! To lift the piston after the completion of the work cycle, experts recommend installing an electric winch. To regulate the flow of air into the central pipe, insert duct fan. The control of the speed of its rotation must be made smooth so that the dosage is accurate.

It is not easy to make a high-quality long-burning boiler on wood with your own hands. But even with strict adherence production technologies and exact copying of a factory sample, a homemade product cannot be officially registered. It is suitable for heating the garage. Only certified equipment is allowed to be installed in residential premises.

Related article:

The comfort of staying in a country house directly depends on the presence of a heating system. The best choice will become a long-burning furnace. We will talk about it in a special publication.

Requirements for the heating system

Approximately choose the boiler power from 0.9 to 13 kW for every 10 sq.m. area of ​​the property. Specialists also advise paying attention to the following factors:

• In some utility rooms you can set the mode more low temperatures compared to living quarters.
• When equipped with high-quality window and door blocks, improved insulation of walls, floor, ceiling - heat losses will be reduced.
• The energy potential of the fuel is used more fully if the equipment corresponds to the modern level of automation of combustion processes.

Long-burning wood-fired boilers for the home: price, reviews, market overview

Picture	Brand/ Model	Power, kW	Efficiency, %	Fuel types	price, rub.	Notes, equipment
	Stropuva/ Mini S8	8	85	Firewood, briquettes	52000 -73000	Non-volatile model with mechanical control. One circuit.
	Buderus/ Logano G221-20	20	78	Firewood, coke, coal	95200 — 108920	Overheating protection, manometer, thermometer.
	Stropuva/S40P	40	85	Firewood, briquettes, pellets	109800 — 111300	When using pellets, additional equipment with a supply fan is required.
	Aremikas/ Candle S	18	—	Firewood, peat and wood briquettes	81900 — 119100	Automated traction control
	NMK Magnum/ KDG 15 TE	15	75	Coal and briquettes from coal	28500 — 29300	Thermometer, mechanical control
	Radiator/FK4	40 to 50	85	Firewood, wood briquettes, coal	163000 — 168000	Electronic control, connection of external control units, automated diagnostics.
	Heiztechnik/ Q HIT PLUS 25	8 to 25	82		90200 — 94800	Thermometer, display, electronic control, remote control connection.
	Galmet/ GT KWuZ 65	65	80	Firewood, coal, coke, coal and wood briquettes	275000 — 286000	Electronic control and monitoring unit.
	SAS/ UWT 58	58	86	Firewood, coal, peat briquettes	249000 — 252800	Indication of inclusion, display, electronic control unit.
	Heiztechnik/ Q PLUS COMFORT 75	26 to 75	86	Firewood, coal and wood briquettes, coal	192300 — 198900	Connection to the thermostat in the room, external control unit.

Note! This section presents long-burning wood burning boilers for the home, prices, reviews, corresponding to the current market situation. Before buying equipment, you need to check the current data.

The price of long-burning wood-burning boilers for the home, additional recommendations, results

Self-manufacturing makes sense only if you have experience in creating structures of similar complexity. But even in this case, it must be remembered that the use of such equipment in accordance with the norms of the current legislation is limited by a narrow framework.

If you count all the actual costs, it is not difficult to understand the benefits of acquiring finished products in specialized stores. Here you can buy a long-burning wood-fired boiler, taking into account the size of the property, its insulating properties and personal preference.

Modern wood boilers for heating private dwellings are improved versions of long-used wood-burning stoves. In some cases, they are an excellent alternative to gas and electric heating installations.

1

For many centuries, wood was the only fuel available to humans. It was with its help that people heated their homes and cooked food. New technologies have practically replaced firewood from everyday life. Now it is much more convenient to use equipment operating on petroleum products, electrical energy, gas.

But sometimes wood-burning heating boilers for summer cottages either country house represent the most reasonable option for heating a home. AT recent times, when the cost of gas and electricity increased, modernized wood-burning stoves were new life. They are used for heating quite often, especially in areas where there are no gas pipelines.

The wood-burning boiler functions according to an elementary principle. It has a firebox into which wood is loaded. When burned, it heats the heat exchanger, which is made of steel or cast iron. Steel structures are considered by specialists to be more thermally stable. But they rust with use. And the service life of steel heat exchangers is relatively short - a maximum of 15 years.

Cast iron structures have been operating for about 20 years. They function very stably, they cool down after the furnace for a long time. They have one serious drawback - they can collapse with sudden and frequent temperature changes.

Cast iron heating structures

Pipes are connected to the heat exchanger built into the heating boiler. Through them, the heating complex of a private house enters hot water. As part of such household systems there is an expansion tank and batteries. Also, wood-fired boilers are equipped with a chimney. It not only removes combustion products, but also gives off heat to the premises of the dwelling.

The combustion of fuel produces smoke and soot, which settles on the inner surfaces of the chimney. And the smoke is vented outside the house. Chimney needs to be periodically cleaned of soot. Its excessive accumulation can cause fires and reduce traction in the heating system. The chimney is cleaned with brushes and brushes through openings closed with special dampers.

The boilers described in the article for a private house are usually heated with those types of wood that are available in abundance in a particular area. Then their use is economically beneficial. If fuel needs to be transported from afar, it is better to use electric either.

Note! Firewood loaded into a boiler of any model must be well dried. When using wet wood, the efficiency of the unit and the level of its heat transfer are significantly reduced (sometimes by 2-3 times).

2

Most often, units for heating a house with wood are used on summer cottages and in areas remote from gas mains. The boilers we are interested in have the following key advantages:

1. Low cost (if we are talking about a standard unit without any bells and whistles).
2. Absolute independence from electricity. There may be no light in the house at all, and the boiler will properly heat the home.
3. Simple scheme of equipment installation, ease of its repair and regular maintenance.
4. Ecological heating. Wood - natural material, when it is burned, no toxic compounds are released that can harm the human body and its well-being. Only carbon dioxide, which is formed during the combustion of firewood, is dangerous. But they can be poisoned only if the user completely ignores the recommended safety measures when operating the heating unit.

Separately, we note that it is allowed to load any household (solid) waste as combustible materials into a wood-fired boiler.

wood burning boiler

Wood-burning units, of course, also have some disadvantages:

1. Large amount of equipment. Boilers for heating a house are made of steel and cast iron, which are characterized by serious weight.
2. The need for constant monitoring of the operation of the unit on wood. The boiler must not be left unattended for long time. Firewood must be added to its firebox every 2-4 hours.
3. Uneven heating of the coolant.
4. Sufficiently high fuel consumption (when burned, wood releases a relatively small amount of thermal energy).
5. The need to harvest firewood (a laborious and lengthy process).

Also, the prepared fuel must be stored somewhere. This means that you have to select separate room under warehouse. Moreover, part of the firewood will have to be constantly stored in the house so that they are dry.

3

Many of the problems associated with the operation of wood-burning can be avoided. It is enough to purchase a long-term combustion unit for heating your home. It functions a little differently than a conventional wood-burning boiler.

After loading firewood into a "long-playing" installation, the fuel begins to smolder. Oxygen enters the combustion chamber in a limited amount. Therefore, the smoldering of firewood occurs very slowly. As a result, next batches of wood are loaded much less frequently. The efficiency of long-burning boilers is 70–80% higher than that of standard units. Not a bad saving of firewood, you will agree.

The gas formed in the furnace compartment is characterized by an increased calorific potential. Through a nozzle made of refractory material, it is fed into the combustion section, where, as a result of oxygen inflation, it ignites.

Furnace compartment of a long-burning unit

At the same time, most of the soot and other substances released during the combustion of wood burn out. Heat, in fact, is completely used to heat the house, and does not fly out into the chimney. Only completely non-toxic, non-flammable smoke that does not pollute nature comes out into the chimney.

An important feature: in long-term combustion units, the fuel begins to burn out from the topmost layer. When smoldering, the fire slowly descends to the lower parts of the wood-burning bookmark. At this time, the combustion process slows down even more, which leads to an increase in heat transfer to heated rooms.

It remains to be added that there are different models of "long-term" heating units. Some of them are capable of working on one wood-burning bookmark for about 72 hours. But in most cases, such boilers function without the need to add fuel for 24-48 hours.

Despite the possibility of installing gas heat supply, wood heating is still relevant. It is made in the absence of gas pipelines and in the presence of cheap wood energy. But how to organize a wood burning business on a professional level? Description of boilers, diagrams and reviews will help solve this problem.

How to do wood heating

Modern wood heating of a country house differs significantly from the old schemes. For this, large brick ovens. They performed the function of a heat exchanger - heating up, their surface transferred heat to the air in the room. However, they were replaced by modern wood-burning heating in the country with the installation of boilers, piping, radiators and batteries.

A feature is the ability to use several types of structures for burning firewood - stoves, fireplaces or boilers. It all depends on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house, the possibility of placing heating devices and the budget of the entire event. In order to make wood-burning heating of a private house with your own hands, you will need to consider the following factors:

• Required thermal power systems. Depends on the degree of thermal insulation of the house, its volume and climatic features of the region;
• The need to organize a separate boiler room. It is important to know that a wood-burning boiler for heating a house must be installed in a separate room, which has special requirements;
• Place for storing firewood. According to safety regulations, it is forbidden to store solid fuel in the same room as the boiler.

What is the best choice - a wood-burning heating boiler for a summer residence, a fireplace or a stove? It all depends on the parameters of the building and financial capabilities. The best option- do water heating, in which the boiler will perform the function of heating water. For a more detailed analysis, you should weigh the pros and cons for each type of heater.

Additionally, with heating, you can make a hot water system at home. To do this, you need to install a double-circuit wood-burning heating boiler.

Wood heating schemes at home

The key point in the design of wood heating is the choice of scheme. It depends on it - whether a wood-burning heating boiler will be installed with your own hands or whether a stove or a fireplace will perform its functions. To determine the optimal option, it is necessary to take into account all possible factors.

First of all, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe building and the number of rooms are taken into account. Most often, wood-burning heating stoves for summer cottages are installed if there are a maximum of two rooms. In this case, it is not necessary to make a water heating system.

Consider the main factors influencing the choice of type of heating:

• Water. It consists of a boiler (stove, fireplace) connected to the pipeline. Heat energy is transferred through installed radiators. The best option for a house with an area of ​​80 m²;
• oven. Furnaces are used to heat indoor air wood heating. They are characterized by low efficiency, small heating area. However, their arrangement requires the least effort. The exception is the structures fireclay bricks. This type is used to heat houses with an area of ​​​​less than 60 m²;
• Fireplace. Analogue to furnace heat supply. The difference will be pumped in the size of the combustion chamber - it is much larger near the fireplace. In addition, the boiler sometimes implies the presence of a hob in the design.

As you can see, the choice of option directly depends on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house. It should be borne in mind that the wood heating scheme can be upgraded. It is enough to install a heat exchanger in the furnace to make it possible to make a full-fledged water heat supply.

But the most common option is to install a wood-burning boiler for home heating. It is much more practical and easier to operate than a fireplace or stove.

For the normal operation of wood-burning heating of a country house, it is necessary to think over the chimney system in advance. taken into account optimal diameter pipes and their height.

Overview of solid fuel boilers

The defining component for water wood heat supply is the boiler. It is from its characteristics that the parameters of all wood-burning heating in a country house or house will largely depend.

Before compiling heating scheme it is necessary to determine the operational and design characteristics of the boiler:

1. Construction type– classic or long burning. The cost of the latter is 50-60% more, but at the same time fuel consumption is significantly reduced, and the level of autonomy in work also increases.
2. Rated power. To do this, it is necessary to calculate the heat losses in the house, which should be compensated by wood heating for the dacha.
3. Design features- thickness of the metal, its composition, shape and volume of the heat exchanger.

An important factor is the cost of heating equipment. That is why, in frequent cases, home-made wood-burning heating boilers are made, adapted for a particular system.

To build a full-fledged wood-burning heating stove for a summer residence, you will need to fill in a separate foundation that is not connected with the main one. This applies only to cases where the mass of the future structure exceeds 600 kg.

Classic wood boilers

Often, reviews of a wood-burning heating boiler indicate their low efficiency in operation. Often this is due to the wrong choice of model and non-compliance with the rules of installation and operation. This is especially true for classic wood-fired heating boilers for summer cottages.

The principle of its operation is based on the transfer of thermal energy from burning wood to water in a heat exchanger. To do this, the following elements are provided in the design:

• Firebox. Firewood is laid in it for further combustion. Its volume determines the power of a do-it-yourself wood-burning heating boiler. The same applies to factory models;
• Ash pan. Performs two functions. The most important of these is the supply of air to support the combustion process. It is she who creates the thrust necessary for the normal operation of a home-made wood-burning heating boiler. The second task is to collect the ashes. Otherwise, it will clog the capacity of the furnace;
• Chimney. It is necessary for the removal of carbon monoxide, with its help air draft is formed. It is important to choose the right diameter of the chimney, because without this, the efficiency and efficiency of the wood-burning heating of a private house will decrease;
• heat exchanger. In classic models, it is an area located between the inner and outer casing of the boiler. It is filled with water from the system. To connect to the heat supply of the house, branch pipes are provided in the design.

The main problem in heating a private house with a wood-burning boiler is the inability to influence the power of the equipment. To do this, you can only limit the flow of air through the ash pan, thereby reducing the amount of oxygen surrounded. At the same time, the level of combustion of firewood will affect the power to a greater extent.
Before purchasing a boiler, you need to find out the maximum length of firewood that can be loaded into the combustion chamber.

Long burning wood boilers

alternative classic boilers are pyrolysis models. They also have the name of long-burning boilers. Their principle of operation differs from those described above and is based on the release of a mass of heat not from the combustion of firewood, but from the gas formed during their smoldering.

There is no ash pan in the design. Its function is performed by a special air channel, which in most cases has a fan. After loading firewood into the primary chamber, they are ignited. Due to the low oxygen content in this area, the firewood does not burn, but smolders, resulting in the formation of wood gas. It moves to the afterburning zone, where it ignites. In the same part of the double-circuit wood-burning heating boiler, there is a heat exchanger.

How do wood-burning stoves for a house with water heating differ from the design described above? The main advantage is for a long time fuel combustion. In factory models, one load is enough for 4-6 hours of boiler operation. In addition to this, the following advantages can be distinguished:

• Possibility of power regulation. In wood-burning stoves, this happens by opening (closing) the ash pan door. In pyrolysis models, the degree of water heating is controlled by the air supply rate;
• Implementation of low-temperature heating operation. The level of water heating in classic models can reach +95°C. This mode is currently considered ineffective. With normal thermal insulation of the house optimal mode should be 65/50. This will reduce energy consumption;
• Practical complete fuel burnup. Unlike wood-burning stoves for a house with water heating, the intensity of chimney pollution in pyrolysis boilers is much lower.

The main disadvantage of long-burning boilers is the high cost. However, if you calculate the operating costs, fuel consumption - the economic efficiency of their installation will be obvious.

For the normal operation of wood-burning heat supply of a country house with pyrolysis boilers, it is necessary to equip it with an automatic fan intensity controller. It can be connected to external sensors temperature.

Rules for organizing a boiler room for wood-burning heat supply

The professional organization of wood-burning heating of a private house independently implies the arrangement of a boiler room. This should be a separate room in which the boiler and the means of regulating its operation are located.

If wood-fired heat supply to the cottage is done according to the gravitational scheme, the boiler should be located at the lowest point of the system. There are no such requirements for forced heat supply. You should also prepare the room in which the heating equipment will be installed. It must meet the following requirements:

• Ceiling height - at least 2.5 m;
• Usable area - from 6 m². At the same time, its minimum volume should be 15 m³;
• Forced ventilation. The air exchange rate is three times the volume during the operation of a wood-burning boiler for heating the house;
• Chimney parameters. Minimum Height– 4 m. The diameter depends on the connected boiler pipe, but not less than 100 mm;
• For preventive and repair work it is necessary to provide free access to all sides of the wood-burning heating boiler for a summer residence;
• Lighting should be combined - natural and artificial.

An important point is to ensure fire safety. For this, it is necessary to use only non-combustible materials for finishing the room. If in the heating of a private house with a wood-burning boiler are used electrical elements- power lines should be provided. Installation of the ground loop is carried out only at the request of the manufacturer.

One of the problems in the operation of a wood heating stove is the likelihood of reverse thrust. To minimize this effect, it is recommended to install a special design on the chimney.

Making a wood-burning boiler with your own hands

Is it difficult to make a wood-burning boiler for the house with your own hands? The main condition for this design is the thickness and grade of steel used. In factory models, the outer case is made of heat-resistant steel with a thickness of 1.5 mm. For a heat exchanger, these parameters should be greater - from 2 mm.

The best option is to create welded structure, which will be similar in shape to the factory models. However, if we calculate the labor intensity of work and the cost of materials, the difference between purchase and self-manufacturing will be low. Therefore, as an alternative wood stoves for a house with water heating, simple steel barrels are often used. The main condition is the thickness of their wall - from 1.5 mm.

For manufacturing, a capacity of about 200 liters is required. It is cut lengthwise and a partition is installed inside. Its length should be less than the length of the barrel. This is necessary for the installation of grates.

Then holes are cut on the front side for mounting doors. They should be selected in advance so as not to be mistaken with the sizes. To remove carbon monoxide from reverse side the chimney pipe cuts into the structure. Its diameter can be from 50 to 100 mm.

However, judging by the reviews of such a wood-burning heating boiler, the following disadvantages can be noted:

• Low efficiency;
• Heating of the body, which can cause burns when touched;
• Short service life.

Similar designs are used for heating small utility rooms - a garage, a warehouse, etc. For the home, it is best to purchase a factory quality model. It will comply with modern wood heating schemes.

Before making a homemade wood-burning boiler for a heating system, it is necessary to calculate optimal dimensions furnaces.

Heating a private house with solid fuel boiler — profitable solution, because it is a fairly economical unit with high efficiency. Therefore, you can safely buy it in the store and even make the installation yourself.

Varieties of modern wood-fired heaters

The process of heating on wood can occur with the help of such devices:

Advantages and disadvantages of equipment

Such wood-burning stoves have a number of advantages over other appliances for heating a private house:

• high efficiency - from 80% to 93%;
• the economy of this type of heating, since the cost of firewood is much lower than gas or electrics;
• you can use not only firewood, but also waste from the wood industry - shavings, sawdust;
• gradual heating of the room;
• when installing the unit, it is not necessary to additionally equip the foundation;
• it is possible to connect to the water heating system of a private house;
• environmental friendliness of the device;
• unit safety;
• does not need professional maintenance.

In addition to significant advantages, the process of heating on the wood of a private house can cause some difficulties, especially if it is not possible to constantly be near the device. As the firewood burns, you need to throw in new logs. This system requires constant cleaning, because the walls of the device and inner surface the chimney accumulates a lot of soot.

It is also important to provide a place to store a large amount of firewood, which must be dry.

Heat exchanger for wood burning boiler

If solid fuel heater equip with a heat exchanger in the form of a water jacket, horizontal or vertical pipeline, the efficiency of the system increases by 10-15%. Not only water, but also other liquids with sufficient heat capacity can act as a heat carrier.

The boiler with a water jacket is a firebox, which is placed in a barrel. If used horizontal pipeline, the hot water pipe or supply must be raised above cold pipe or return.

When placed vertically, the heat exchanger can be either strictly vertical or at a slight slope. It is best to place pipelines in a checkerboard pattern to increase productivity. heating system at home.

For the manufacture of modern registers for the heat exchanger, heat-resistant steel is used, which has a high thermal conductivity.

We make a boiler from an old gas cylinder

A do-it-yourself wood-burning boiler can be made using an old unnecessary gas cylinder.

Also for this device you will need:

• metal corners;
• a small metal grill;
• cast iron door;
• Metal sheet;
• chimney pipes.

Step-by-step instructions for heating a country house:

2014-07-04 34 073

Since there is no gasification in many remote areas of the Russian Federation, a wood-burning boiler for heating a private house with batteries is still an urgent solution to the issue of heating. Modern models wood-burning equipment have an increased duration of work from one tab, are distinguished by high efficiency and safety.

The principles of operation of wood-burning boilers for private houses

Modern wood-burning boilers for heating a private house with a water circuit have little in common with traditional classic stoves. By their design, most models resemble an autonomous thermal station. But the basic principle of work remained unchanged. Heat generated by combustion solid fuel used for space heating.

Significant difference and change made during internal arrangement, is the presence of a water circuit. After modifying the design, it became possible to connect the radiator heating system in a country house with a wood-burning boiler.

On the this moment, according to the principle of operation, two main classes of equipment can be distinguished:

A solid fuel boiler is simply a modified wood stove, with better automation of the combustion process and high efficiency.

How to choose a wood-fired boiler for a private house

When choosing a heating boiler for a private house, several points are taken into account regarding design features and performance:

• Heated area - approximate performance calculations are carried out according to the formula 1 kW = 10 m². When connecting the second circuit for hot water supply, add another 15-20% to the result.
• Types of heating boilers - as already noted, there are classic units, as well as those that use the principle of pyrolysis combustion. The latter are considered the most economical boilers on firewood individual heating private country houses. The first are 3-4 times cheaper.
• Type of heat exchanger - there are two types. It differs in the type of materials used and construction. Steel boilers are cheaper, but serve an average of 10-15 years less. The units are not afraid of impacts and mechanical damage, easy to repair and maintain.
  Cast iron boilers, on average, last about 35 years, have the best thermal characteristics. They are afraid of mechanical damage. The repair will require the replacement of an entire section. Another disadvantage of cast iron is big weight boiler. The pyrolysis unit, which has two combustion chambers, easily reaches a mass of 5 centners.
• Design features of the combustion chamber - manufacturers produce boilers with side loading of firewood. The design is used in most units, both classical and pyrolysis type.
  Boilers with top loading deserve special attention. This design is used in gas generating units. The main advantage of the solution is the possibility of preliminary drying of firewood, which increases the heating efficiency.
• Availability additional features- automation, the presence of a backup power source, a built-in storage boiler, a remote control system - all this increases the comfort of operation and is available as an additional package.

Apart from technical parameters, you will need to decide on the brand of wood-burning boiler and choose a heat generator that is suitable for the price category.

Which boiler to choose

If funds allow, it is better to put a German or Czech-made wood-burning boiler. Somewhat worse for performance characteristics, Polish and domestic units. Among foreign and domestic manufacturing companies, the leaders are:

• German wood-fired boilers - represented by companies, Lopper. All equipment has a high degree of safety and reliability, and long term operation. The disadvantage of models is whimsicality to the quality and grade of firewood, high cost.
• Czech-made wood-fired boilers - the products of companies and ATMOS deserve attention. In terms of quality and automation, the models are in no way inferior to their German counterparts, but have an average cost of 10% less.
• Boilers Russian production- TT units are produced by almost every manufacturer of heating equipment. The boilers are adapted to domestic conditions, unpretentious in terms of fuel quality and the heat carrier used.
  The products of the following factories are the most popular:, Teplodar.
• Polish wood-burning boilers - several dozen modifications are offered on the domestic market. Models are in demand: Defro, SAS, DREWMET, ORLAN. The range includes both conventional wood-fired heat generators and pyrolysis combustion boilers.

Most manufacturers, in addition to classic heating boilers that work exclusively on wood, offer universal or multi-fuel heat generators.

The cost of wood-burning boilers for country houses

Several factors affect the cost of the unit:

• Type of heat exchanger - a cast-iron boiler will cost 1.5-2 times more than a steel counterpart.
• Manufacturer.
• Principle of operation - the cost of a wood-burning gas-fired boiler domestic manufacturer, will cost 35-40 thousand rubles, and the price of the boiler classic design, will fall to approximately 20 thousand rubles.
• Additional equipment.

Registration of documents for putting the boiler into operation, subject to their registration with Rostekhnadzor, is not required.

Installation of heating in a private house with a wood-fired boiler

Wood-burning boilers with a water circuit for heating a private house, connected to an already existing system heating with forced or natural circulation coolant. During the installation work, fulfill the requirements of PPB and SNiP.

Another important issue taken into account during the connection is the need for a capacious fuel storage. The boiler burns 10-15 cubic meters of firewood per season. Storage should be dry, accessible, spacious and secure.

Where can I install a wood burning boiler

A wood-fired hot water boiler for heating a private house is installed anywhere, provided that it meets the technical and fire safety requirements. General recommendations, regarding the choice of premises for the boiler room, are:

The main requirement for the operation of a wood-burning boiler is compliance with the PPB. Modern models are equipped with a multi-level security system that prevents smoke in the room and boiling of the coolant.

Heating schemes for a private house with a wood-burning boiler

A heating device in a private house using a wood-burning boiler is performed different ways. The choice of wiring diagram depends largely on the design of the boiler and the parameters of the room. All options can be divided into several classes, according to the following features:

A liquid heating system connected to a wood-burning boiler requires competent planning and execution of work with strict adherence to all existing building codes. The heating distribution scheme is especially carefully planned in two-story house. A security group is required.
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