Did you know that May 29 is Chemist's Day? Which of us in childhood did not dream of creating peculiar magic, amazing chemical experiments? It's time to turn your dreams into reality! Read on and we will tell you how to have fun Chemist Day 2017, as well as what chemistry experiments for kids are easy to do at home.

home volcano

If you are no longer attracted, then ... Want to see a volcanic eruption? Try making it at home! To arrange a chemical experiment "volcano" you will need soda, vinegar, food coloring, a plastic cup, a glass of warm water.

Pour 2-3 tablespoons of table soda into a plastic cup, add ¼ cup of warm water and a little food coloring, preferably red. Then add ¼ of vinegar and watch the "eruption" of the volcano.

Rose and ammonia

A very interesting and original chemical experiment with plants can be viewed on a video from YouTube:

self-inflating balloon

Do you want to conduct safe chemistry experiments for children? Then you will definitely like the balloon experiment. Prepare in advance: a plastic bottle, baking soda, balloon and vinegar.

Pour 1 teaspoon of baking soda inside the ball. Pour ½ cup of vinegar into the bottle, then put the ball on the neck of the bottle and make sure that the soda gets into the vinegar. As a result of a violent chemical reaction, which is accompanied by the active release of carbon dioxide, the balloon will begin to inflate.

pharaoh snake

For the experiment you will need: calcium gluconate tablets, dry fuel, matches or gas-burner. See the YouTube video for the steps:

color magic

Do you want to surprise a child? Rather, conduct chemical experiments with color! You will need the following available ingredients: starch, iodine, a transparent container.

Mix white starch and brown iodine in a container. As a result, you will get an amazing mixture of blue.

We grow a snake

The most interesting home chemistry experiments can be done using available ingredients. To create a snake, you will need: a plate, river sand, powdered sugar, ethyl alcohol, a lighter or burner, baking soda.

Pour a sand slide onto a plate and soak it with alcohol. In the top of the slide, make a recess where you carefully add powdered sugar and soda. Now we set fire to the sand hill and observe. After a couple of minutes, a dark wriggling ribbon will begin to grow from the top of the hill, which resembles a snake.

How to conduct chemical experiments with an explosion, see the following video from Youtube:

Such a complex but interesting science as chemistry always causes an ambiguous reaction among schoolchildren. The children are interested in experiments, as a result of which substances are obtained bright colors, gases are released or precipitation occurs. But only a few of them like to write complex equations of chemical processes.

The Importance of Entertaining Experiences

According to modern federal standards in general education schools such a subject of the program as chemistry was also not left without attention.

As part of the study of complex transformations of substances and solving practical problems young chemist in practice hones his skills and abilities. It is in the course of unusual experiments that the teacher forms an interest in the subject in his pupils. But in ordinary lessons, it is difficult for a teacher to find enough free time for non-standard experiments, and there is simply no time to conduct them for children.

To remedy this, additional elective and elective courses were invented. By the way, many children who are fond of chemistry in grades 8-9 become doctors, pharmacists, scientists in the future, because in such classes a young chemist gets the opportunity to independently conduct experiments and draw conclusions from them.

What courses are associated with entertaining chemistry experiments?

In the old days, chemistry for children was available only from the 8th grade. No special courses or extracurricular activities in the field of chemistry were offered to children. In fact, there was simply no work with gifted children in chemistry, which had a negative impact on the attitude of schoolchildren to this discipline. The guys were afraid and did not understand complex chemical reactions, they made mistakes in writing ionic equations.

In connection with the reform modern system education has changed. Now in educational institutions offered in the lower grades. The children are happy to do the tasks that the teacher offers them, learn to draw conclusions.

Optional courses related to chemistry help high school students gain skills in working with laboratory equipment, and designed for junior schoolchildren contain vivid, demonstrative chemical experiments. For example, children study the properties of milk, get acquainted with those substances that are obtained when it is sour.

Experiments with water

Entertaining chemistry for children is interesting when, during the experiment, they see an unusual result: gas evolution, bright color, unusual sediment. A substance such as water is considered ideal for a variety of entertaining chemical experiments for schoolchildren.

For example, chemistry for children of 7 years old may begin with an acquaintance with its properties. The teacher tells the children that most of our planet is covered with water. The teacher also informs the pupils that in a watermelon it is more than 90 percent, and in a person - about 65-70%. Having told schoolchildren about how important water is for humans, we can offer them some interesting experiments. At the same time, it is worth emphasizing the “magic” of water in order to intrigue schoolchildren.

By the way, in this case, the standard set of chemistry for children does not involve any expensive equipment - it is quite possible to limit yourself to available devices and materials.

Experience "Ice Needle"

Let's give an example of such a simple and also interesting experiment with water. This is a building of ice sculpture - "needles". For the experiment you will need:

• water;
• salt;
• ice cubes.

The duration of the experiment is 2 hours, so such an experiment cannot be carried out in a regular lesson. First you need to pour water into the ice mold, put in the freezer. After 1-2 hours, after the water turns into ice, entertaining chemistry can continue. For the experience, you will need 40-50 ready-made ice cubes.

First, the children must arrange 18 cubes on the table in the form of a square, leaving an empty space in the center. Then, after sprinkling them with table salt, they are carefully applied to each other, thus gluing together.

Gradually, all the cubes are connected, and as a result, a thick and long “needle” of ice is obtained. To make it, 2 teaspoons of table salt and 50 small pieces of ice are enough.

It is possible, by tinting the water, to make the ice sculptures multi-colored. And as a result of such a simple experience, chemistry for children of 9 years old becomes an understandable and exciting science. You can experiment by gluing ice cubes in the form of a pyramid or rhombus.

Experiment "Tornado"

This experiment will not require special materials, reagents and tools. The guys will be able to make it in 10-15 minutes. For the experiment, stock up:

• a plastic transparent bottle with a cap;
• water;
• dishwashing detergent;
• sequins.

The bottle needs to be filled 2/3 plain water. Then add 1-2 drops of dishwashing detergent to it. After 5-10 seconds, pour a couple of pinches of sparkles into the bottle. Tighten the cap tightly, turn the bottle upside down, holding the neck, and twist clockwise. Then we stop and look at the resulting vortex. Until the moment the "tornado" works, you will have to scroll the bottle 3-4 times.

Why does a "tornado" appear in an ordinary bottle?

When a child makes circular movements, a whirlwind similar to a tornado appears. The rotation of water around the center occurs due to the action of centrifugal force. The teacher tells the children about how terrible tornadoes are in nature.

Such an experience is absolutely safe, but after it, chemistry for children becomes a truly fabulous science. To make the experiment more vivid, you can use a coloring agent, for example, potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate).

Experiment "Soap Bubbles"

Want to teach kids what fun chemistry is? Programs for children do not allow the teacher to pay due attention to experiments in the lessons, there is simply no time for this. So, let's do this optionally.

For elementary school students, this experiment will bring a lot of positive emotions, and you can do it in a few minutes. We will need:

• liquid soap;
• jar;
• water;
• thin wire.

In a jar, mix one part liquid soap with six parts water. We bend the end of a small piece of wire in the form of a ring, lower it into the soap mixture, carefully pull it out and blow out a beautiful soap bubble of our own making from the mold.

Only wire that does not have a nylon layer is suitable for this experiment. Else blow out bubble kids can't.

In order to make it more interesting for the guys, you can add food coloring to the soap solution. You can arrange soap competitions between schoolchildren, then chemistry for children will become a real holiday. The teacher thus introduces the children to the concept of solutions, solubility and explains the reasons for the appearance of bubbles.

Entertaining experience "Water from plants"

To begin with, the teacher explains how important water is for cells in living organisms. It is with the help of it that transportation takes place nutrients. The teacher notes that in case of insufficient amount of water in the body, all living things die.

For the experiment you will need:

• spirit lamp;
• test tubes;
• green leaves;
• test tube holder;
• copper sulfate (2);
• beaker.

This experiment will take 1.5-2 hours, but as a result, chemistry for children will be a manifestation of a miracle, a symbol of magic.

Green leaves are placed in a test tube, fixed in the holder. In the flame of an alcohol lamp, you need to heat the entire test tube 2-3 times, and then this is done only with the part where the green leaves are.

The glass should be placed so that the gaseous substances released in the test tube fall into it. As soon as the heating is completed, to a drop of the liquid obtained inside the glass, add grains of white anhydrous copper sulfate. Gradually White color disappears, and copper sulfate becomes blue or blue.

This experience leads children to complete delight, because the color of substances changes before their eyes. At the end of the experiment, the teacher tells the children about such a property as hygroscopicity. It is due to its ability to absorb water vapor (moisture) that white copper sulfate changes its color to blue.

Experiment "Magic Wand"

This experiment is suitable for an introductory lesson in an elective course in chemistry. First, you need to make a star-shaped blank from it and soak it in a solution of phenolphthalein (indicator).

During the experiment itself attached to " magic wand"The star is first immersed in an alkali solution (for example, in a solution of sodium hydroxide). Children see how in a matter of seconds it changes color and a bright crimson color appears. Next, the colored form is placed in an acid solution (for the experiment, the use of a hydrochloric acid solution would be optimal ), and the crimson color disappears - the asterisk becomes colorless again.

If the experiment is carried out for kids, during the experiment the teacher tells a "chemical fairy tale". For example, the hero of a fairy tale can be an inquisitive mouse who wanted to know why there are so many bright colors in a magical land. For students in grades 8-9, the teacher introduces the concept of "indicator" and notes which indicators can determine the acidic environment, and which substances are needed to determine the alkaline environment of solutions.

The Genie in the Bottle Experience

This experiment is demonstrated by the teacher himself, using a special fume hood. The experience is based on the specific properties of concentrated nitric acid. Unlike many acids, concentrated nitric acid is able to enter into chemical interaction with metals located after hydrogen (with the exception of platinum, gold).

Pour it into a test tube and add a piece of copper wire there. Under the hood, the test tube is heated, and the children observe the appearance of “red gin” vapors.

For students in grades 8-9, the teacher writes the equation of a chemical reaction, highlights the signs of its course (color change, the appearance of gas). This experience is not suitable for demonstration outside the walls of the school chemistry room. According to safety regulations, it involves the use of nitric oxide vapors (“brown gas”) are dangerous for children.

Home experiments

In order to warm up the interest of schoolchildren in chemistry, you can offer a home experiment. For example, to conduct an experiment on growing salt crystals.

The child should prepare a saturated solution of table salt. Then place a thin branch in it, and, as the water evaporates from the solution, salt crystals will “grow” on the branch.

The jar of solution must not be shaken or rotated. And when after 2 weeks the crystals grow, the stick must be very carefully removed from the solution and dried. And then, if desired, you can cover the product with a colorless varnish.

Conclusion

There is no more interesting subject in the school curriculum than chemistry. But in order for the children not to be afraid of this complex science, the teacher should devote sufficient time in his work to entertaining experiments and unusual experiments.

It is the practical skills that are formed in the course of such work that will help stimulate interest in the subject. And in the lower grades entertaining experiences are considered by the Federal State Educational Standards as an independent design and research activity.

The ability to see a miracle in everyday objects distinguishes a genius from other people. Creativity is formed in early childhood, when the baby inquisitively studies the world around him. scientific experiments, including experiments with water, - easy way to interest the child in the natural sciences and an excellent type of family leisure.

From this article you will learn

What is good water for home experiments

Water is the ideal substance to explore physical properties items. The advantages of the substance familiar to us are:

• availability and low cost;
• the ability to stay in three states: solid, vaporous and liquid;
• the ability to easily dissolve various substances;
• the transparency of the water ensures the visibility of the experience: the baby will be able to explain the result of the study himself;
• safety and non-toxicity of substances necessary for experiments: a child can touch everything that interests him;
• no need for additional tools and equipment, special skills and knowledge;
• You can conduct research both at home and in kindergarten.

The complexity of the experiments depends on the age of the child and the level of his knowledge. It is better to start experiments with water for children with the simplest manipulations, in senior group preschool or at home.

Experiments for toddlers (4-6 years old)

All little children enjoy the process of pouring and mixing liquids of different colors. The first lessons can be devoted to acquaintance with the organoleptic properties of the substance: taste, smell, color.

In children preparatory group you may ask what is the difference between mineral water and sea water. In the kindergarten, the results of research can not be proved and what is happening can be explained in accessible words.

Transparency experience

You will need two transparent glasses: one with water, the other with an opaque liquid, such as tomato juice, milk, cocktail tubes or spoons. Immerse objects in each container and ask the kids in which of the cups the tube is visible and in which it is not? Why? Which substance is transparent and which is impenetrable?

Sinking - not drowning

You need to prepare two glasses of water, salt and a raw fresh egg. Add salt to one of the glasses at the rate of two tablespoons per glass. If you put an egg in a clear liquid, it will sink to the bottom, and if in salty water, it will be on the surface of the water. The child will develop the concept of the density of matter. If you take a large container and gradually add fresh water in salt, the egg will gradually sink.

Freeze

On the initial stage it will be enough to pour water into the mold with the child and send it to the freezer. You can watch together the process of melting an ice cube, speed up the process by touching it with your fingers.

Then complicate the experiment: put a thick thread on the ice cube, sprinkle the surface with salt. After a few moments, everything will grab together, and the cube can be lifted up by the string.

A fascinating sight is the melting colored ice cubes placed in a transparent container with vegetable oil(you can take a child). Droplets of water sinking to the bottom form a bizarre pattern that is constantly changing.

Steam is also water

For the experiment, the water must be boiled. Pay attention to the children how steam rises above the surface. Hold over a container of hot liquid, such as a thermos, mirror, or glass saucer. Show how droplets flow from it. Make a conclusion: if you heat water, it will turn into steam, when cooled, it will again turn into a liquid state.

"CONSPIRACY"

It's not an experience, but rather a focus. Before starting the experiment, ask the kids if water in a closed container can change color from a magic spell. In front of the children, say a conspiracy, shake the jar, and the colorless liquid will become colored.

The secret is that water-soluble paint, watercolor or gouache is applied to the lid of the container in advance. At the moment of shaking, the water washes away the layer of paint and changes color. The main thing is not to turn the inside of the lid towards the audience.

broken pencil

The simplest experiment that demonstrates the refraction of an image in a liquid is placing a tube or pencil in a transparent glass filled with water. The part of the product immersed in the liquid will appear deformed, which is why the pencil looks broken.

The optical properties of water can also be tested in this way: take two eggs of the same size and immerse one of them in water. One will seem larger than the other.

Freeze expansion

Take plastic tubes for a cocktail, close one end with plasticine, fill with water to the brim and cork. Place the tube in the freezer. After a while, pay attention to the baby that the liquid, freezing, expanded and forced out the plasticine plugs. Explain that water can break the container if it is exposed to low temperatures.

Dry wipe

Place a dry paper towel in the bottom of an empty glass. Turn it over and lower it vertically into a basin of water with the edges down to the bottom. Prevent liquid from getting inside by holding the glass with force. Also in the vertical direction, remove the glass from the water.

If everything is done correctly, the paper in the glass will not get wet, this will be prevented by air pressure. Tell the children the story of the diving bell that people use to sink to the bottom of a pond.

Submarine

We lower the tube into a glass filled with water, bend it in the lower third. Immerse the glass completely upside down in a container of water so that part of the tube is on the surface. We blow into it, the air instantly fills the glass, it jumps out of the water and turns over.

You can tell the children that fish use this technique: to dive to the bottom, they squeeze the air bubble with their muscles, and part of the air comes out of it. To rise to the surface, they pump up air and float.

Bucket rotation

To conduct this experience, it is advisable to call for help from the pope. The procedure is as follows: a strong bucket with a strong handle is taken and filled with water up to half. A more spacious place is chosen, it is desirable to conduct an experiment in nature. The bucket must be taken by the handle and rotated quickly so that the water does not spill. When the experiment is over, you can watch the splashes pouring from the bucket.

If the child is old enough, explain to him that the fluid is held by centrifugal force. You can test its action on the rides, the principle of which is based on a circular motion.

vanishing coin

To demonstrate this experience, pour water into a liter jar and close the lid. Take out a coin and give it to the baby so that he makes sure that it is the most ordinary one. Let the child put it on the table, and you put the jar on top. Ask your child if he sees money. Remove the container and the coin will be visible again.

floating paperclip

Before starting the experiment, ask your child if metal objects sink in water. If he finds it difficult to answer, throw a paper clip vertically into the water. She will sink to the bottom. Tell your child that you know a magic spell to keep the paperclip from sinking. Using the flat hook bent from the second piece, slowly and carefully place a horizontal paperclip on the surface of the water.

So that the product does not completely sink to the bottom, first rub it with a candle. Focus is achieved due to a property of water called surface tension.

non-spill glass

For another experiment based on the properties of the surface tension of water, you will need:

• transparent smooth glass beaker;
• a handful of small metal objects: nuts, washers, coins;
• oil, mineral or vegetable;
• chilled water.

Before carrying out the experiment, you need to grease the edges of a clean, dry glass with oil. Fill it with water and lower the metal objects one by one. The surface of the water will no longer be flat and will begin to rise above the edges of the glass. At some point, the film on the surface will burst, and the liquid will spill. Oil in this experiment is needed to reduce the connection of water and the surface of the glass.

Flowers on the water

Required materials and tools:

• paper of different density and color, cardboard;
• scissors;
• glue;
• a wide container of water: a basin, a deep tray, a dish.

The preparatory stage is the manufacture of flowers. Cut the paper into squares with a side of 15 centimeters. Fold each of them in half and double again. Randomly cut out the petals. Bend them in half so that the petals form a bud. Dip each flower in prepared water.

Gradually, the flowers will begin to open. The speed of unraveling will depend on the weight of the paper. The petals are straightened due to the swelling of the fibers of the material.

treasure hunt

Collect small toys, coins, beads and freeze them in one or more pieces of ice. The essence of the game is that as thawing occurs, objects will appear on the surface. To speed up the process, you can use kitchen utensils and various tools: forks, tweezers, a knife with a safe blade. If several children are playing, you can arrange a competition.

Everything has soaked in

Experience introduces the child to the ability of objects to absorb liquids. To carry it out, take a sponge and a plate of water. Dip the sponge into the bowl and watch with your child as the water rises and the sponge becomes wet. Experiment with various subjects, some have the ability to absorb liquids, and some do not.

Ice cubes

Children love to freeze water. Experiment with them with shapes and colors: the kids will make sure that the liquid repeats the shape of the container in which it is placed. Freeze the colored water into cubes, first insert toothpicks or tubes into each.

From the freezer you will get a lot of colorful boats. Put on paper sails and lower the boats into the water. The ice will begin to melt, forming bizarre colored stains: this is manifested by the diffusion of the liquid.

Experiments with water at different temperatures

Stages and conditions of the process:

1. Prepare four identical glass glasses, watercolors or food coloring.
2. Pour cold water into two glasses, warm water into two.
3. Color warm water black and cold water yellow.
4. Put a glass of cold water into a plate, cover the container with warm black liquid with a plastic card, turn it over and place it so that the glasses are symmetrical.
5. Carefully remove the card, try not to move the glasses.
6. Cold and warm water will not mix due to the properties of physics.

Repeat the experiment, but this time put the glass down with hot water.

All experiments in kindergarten are carried out in a playful way.

Experiences for schoolchildren

Tricks with water for schoolchildren need to be explained already in the elementary grade, introducing the simplest scientific concepts, then the young magician will easily master both physics and chemistry in the 8th-11th grade.

colored layers

Take a plastic bottle, fill a third of it with vegetable oil, a third with water, and leave another third empty. Pour the food coloring into the bottle and seal it with a cap. The child can be convinced that oil is lighter than air, and water is heavier.

The oil will remain unchanged, but the water will be colored. If you shake the bottle, the layers will shift, but after a few moments everything will be as it was. When the container is placed in the freezer, the oil layer will sink down and the water will freeze on top.

Sieve-non-spill

Everyone knows that water cannot be held in a sieve. Show the child a trick: grease the sieve with oil and shake. Carefully pour some water along the inside edge of the sieve. Water will not flow out, as the oil film will hold it. But if you run your finger along the bottom, it will collapse and the liquid will flow out.

Experiment with glycerin

The experiment can be carried out on the eve of the New Year. Take a jar with a screw cap, small plastic toy, glitter, glue and glycerin. Glue a toy, Christmas tree, snowman to inside covers.

Pour water into a jar, add glitter and glycerin. Close the lid tightly with the figurine inside and turn the container upside down. Thanks to glycerin, the glitter will swirl beautifully around the figurine if you turn the design over regularly. The jar can be given as a gift.

Making a cloud

It's more of an ecological experiment. If your child asks you what clouds are made of, do this experiment with water. Pour into a 3 liter jar hot water, about 2.5 centimeters. Place ice cubes on a saucer or baking sheet and place on a jar so that the neck is completely closed.

Soon, a cloud of mist (steam) forms inside the container. You can draw a preschooler's attention to condensation and explain why it's raining.

Tornado

Often, both children and adults are interested in how such an atmospheric phenomenon as a tornado is formed. Together with the children, you can answer this question by arranging the following experiment with water, which consists of the following steps:

1. Prepare two plastic bottles with a volume of 2 liters, adhesive tape, a metal washer with a diameter of 2.5.
2. Fill one of the bottles with water and put a washer on the neck.
3. Turn the second bottle upside down, put it on top of the first one and tightly rewind the top of both bottles with tape so that water does not spill out.
4. Turn the structure over so that the water bottle is on top.
5. Arrange a hurricane: start rotating the device in a spiral. The flowing stream will turn into a mini-tornado.
6. Observe the process taking place in the bottles.

A tornado can also be arranged in a bank. To do this, fill it with water, not reaching the edges by 4-5 centimeters, add dishwashing detergent. Close the lid tightly and shake the jar.

Rainbow

You can explain the origin of the rainbow to the baby as follows. In a sunny room, install a wide container of water, put a sheet of white paper next to it. Lower the mirror into the container, catch it Sunshine, point it towards the sheet so that the spectrum appears. You can use a flashlight.

Lord of matches

Pour water into a plate and let it float on the surface of the match. Dip a piece of sugar or soap into the water: in the first case, the matches will gather around the piece, in the second, they will float away from it. This is because sugar increases the surface tension of water, while soap decreases it.

Water flows up

Place white flowers in containers of water colored with food coloring, preferably carnations or pale green plants such as celery. After a while, the flowers will change color. You can do it easier: use not flowers, but white paper napkins in the experiment with water.

An interesting effect will be obtained if one edge of the towel is placed in water. certain color, and the other - in another, contrasting shade.

Water from air

A fascinating home experience clearly shows how the condensation process takes place. To do it, take a glass jar, fill it with ice cubes, add a spoonful of salt, shake it several times and close the lid. After 10 minutes, water droplets will appear on the outer surface of the jar.

For clarity, wrap it in a paper towel and make sure there is enough water. Tell your child where in nature you can see the process of water condensation: for example, on cold stones under the sun.

paper cover

If you turn a glass of water over, it will spill out. Can a sheet of paper hold water? To answer the question, cut out a flat lid from thick paper that exceeds the diameter of the edges of the glass by 2-3 centimeters.

Fill a glass about halfway with water, place a sheet of paper on top, and gently flip it over. Due to the air pressure, the liquid must remain in the container.

Thanks to this joke, the student can earn popularity among classmates.

soapy volcano

You will need: detergent, soda, vinegar, cardboard for the "volcano", iodine. Pour water, vinegar, dishwashing liquid and a few drops of iodine or other dye into a glass. Make a cone out of dark cardboard and wrap the container with the ingredients so that the edges touch. Pour baking soda into a glass and the volcano will erupt.

candle pump

This entertaining water trick demonstrates the power of the law of gravity. Take a small candle, place it on a saucer and light it. Pour some colored water into a saucer. Cover the candle with a glass, gradually the liquid will be drawn into it. The explanation is in the change in pressure inside the tank.

Growing crystals

The result of this experience will be beautiful crystals on the surface of the wire. They need a strong salt solution to grow. You can determine whether the solution is sufficiently saturated by adding a new portion of salt. If it does not already dissolve, the solution is ready. The purer the water, the better.

To clear the solution of debris, pour it into another container. Dip a wire with a loop at the end into the solution and put everything in a warm place. To get patterned crafts, twist the wire as required. After a few days, the wire is overgrown with salt "snow".

Dancing coin

Need Glass bottle, coin and water. Place an empty bottle without a cap in the freezer for 10 minutes. Put a coin soaked in water on the neck of the bottle. Less than a minute cold air when heated, it will expand and begin to displace the coin, causing it to bounce on the surface.

magic ball

Tools and Materials: Vinegar, baking soda, lemon, glass, balloon, bottle, duct tape, and funnel.

Process flow:

• Pour water into the bottle, add a teaspoon of soda.
• Mix three tablespoons of vinegar and lemon juice.
• Quickly pour the mixture into the water bottle through the funnel and place the balloon on the neck of the bottle containing the water and baking soda mixture. The reaction will come instantly: the composition will begin to “boil” and the balloon will inflate, as air will be forced out.

To ensure that air from the bottle only enters the balloon, wrap the neck with electrical tape.

Balls in a frying pan

If a little water is poured onto a hot surface, it will disappear (evaporate). When adding another portion, balls resembling mercury are formed in the pan.

burning liquid

Glue work surface Bengal sticks with adhesive tape, leaving the tips, set fire and lower into a transparent vessel with water. The sticks will not go out, thanks to their chemical composition in water, their fire burns even brighter, creating the effect of a burning liquid.

Water management

The power of sound is another means of changing the direction of fluid flow. The result can be observed using a powerful speaker. Under the influence of music or other sound effects, the water takes on a bizarre fantastic shape, forming foam and mini-fountains.

rainbow water

The cognitive experiment is based on changing the density of water. For the process, take four small cups of water, dyes, a syringe and granulated sugar.

Add dye to the first glass and leave for a while. In the rest, dissolve successively 1, 2 and 3 teaspoons of sugar and dyes of different colors. An unsweetened liquid is poured into a transparent glass with a syringe. Then, water is also gently released to the bottom with a syringe, where 0.5 teaspoon of sugar is added.

The third and fourth steps: a solution is produced with an average and maximum concentration in the same way: closer to the bottom. If everything is done correctly, in a glass you will get water with multi-colored layers.

colorful lamp

A cool experience delights not only children 5-6 years old, but also younger students and teenagers. Pour into a glass or plastic bottle equal parts water and sunflower oil, dye is poured. The process is started by dropping an effervescent aspirin into the water. The effect will be enhanced if this experiment is carried out in a dark room, providing illumination with a flashlight.

Ice formation

For the trick, you will need a 0.5 liter plastic bottle filled with distilled water without gas, and a freezer. Place the container in the freezer, after 2 hours, remove it and hit it sharply on a hard surface.

The water will start to turn into ice. The experiment is explained by the composition of distilled water: there are no centers responsible for crystallization in it. Upon impact, bubbles appear in the liquid and the freezing process starts.

This is not all manipulations carried out with water. Substances such as starch, clay, shampoo change its properties beyond recognition. Children of 6-7 years old can do almost all the experiments themselves in the kitchen or experiment under the supervision of their parents by watching a video tutorial or explanatory pictures.

More cool experiences shown in this video.

If necessary, you need to offer advice or help to the little chemist. It is even better to do all the research together: even adults will discover a lot amazing properties water.

IMPORTANT! *when copying article materials, be sure to indicate an active link to the first

My personal experience of teaching chemistry has shown that such a science as chemistry is very difficult to study without any initial knowledge and practice. Schoolchildren very often run this subject. I personally observed how a student of the 8th grade at the word "chemistry" began to frown, as if he had eaten a lemon.

Later it turned out that because of dislike and misunderstanding of the subject, he skipped school in secret from his parents. Of course, school program is designed in such a way that the teacher should give a lot of theory at the first chemistry lessons. Practice, as it were, fades into the background precisely at the moment when the student cannot yet independently realize whether he needs this subject in the future. This is primarily due to the laboratory equipment of schools. In big cities, things are better now with reagents and instruments. As for the province, as well as 10 years ago, and at present, many schools do not have the opportunity to conduct laboratory classes. But the process of studying and fascination with chemistry, as well as with other natural sciences, usually begins with experiments. And it is no coincidence. Many famous chemists, such as Lomonosov, Mendeleev, Paracelsus, Robert Boyle, Pierre Curie and Maria Sklodowska-Curie (schoolchildren also study all these researchers in physics classes) have already started experimenting since childhood. The great discoveries of these great people were made in home chemical laboratories, since chemistry classes at institutes were available only to wealthy people.

And, of course, the most important thing is to interest the child and convey to him that chemistry surrounds us everywhere, so the process of studying it can be very exciting. This is where home chemistry experiments come in handy. Observing such experiments, one can further look for an explanation of why things happen this way and not otherwise. And when a young researcher comes across such concepts at school lessons, the teacher’s explanations will be more understandable to him, since he will already have his own experience in conducting home chemical experiments and the knowledge gained.

It is very important to start learning natural sciences from ordinary observations and examples from life, which, in your opinion, will be most successful for your child. Here is some of them. Water is Chemical substance, consisting of two elements, as well as gases dissolved in it. Man also contains water. We know that where there is no water, there is no life. A person can live without food for about a month, and without water - only a few days.

River sand is nothing but silicon oxide, and also the main raw material for glass production.

A person himself does not suspect it and carries out chemical reactions every second. The air we breathe is a mixture of gases - chemicals. In the process of exhalation, another complex substance is released - carbon dioxide. We can say that we ourselves are a chemical laboratory. You can explain to the child that washing hands with soap is also a chemical process of water and soap.

An older child who, for example, has already begun to study chemistry at school, can be explained that almost all elements of the periodic system of D. I. Mendeleev can be found in the human body. In a living organism, not only all chemical elements are present, but each of them performs some biological function.

Chemistry is also medicines, without which at present many people cannot live even a day.

Plants also contain the chemical chlorophyll, which gives the leaf its green color.

Cooking is a complex chemical process. Here you can give an example of how the dough rises when yeast is added.

One of the options for getting a child interested in chemistry is to take an individual outstanding researcher and read the story of his life or watch an educational film about him (films about D.I. Mendeleev, Paracelsus, M.V. Lomonosov, Butlerov are now available).

Many believe that real chemistry is harmful substances, it is dangerous to experiment with them, especially at home. There are many very exciting experiences that you can do with your child without harming your health. And these home chemical experiments will be no less exciting and instructive than those that come with explosions, pungent odors and puffs of smoke.

Some parents are also afraid to conduct chemical experiments at home due to their complexity or lack of necessary equipment and reagents. It turns out that you can get by with improvised means and those substances that every housewife has in the kitchen. You can buy them at your nearest household store or pharmacy. Test tubes for home chemical experiments can be replaced with pill bottles. For storage of reagents, you can use glass jars, for example, from baby food or mayonnaise.

It is worth remembering that the dishes with reagents must have a label with the inscription and be tightly closed. Sometimes the tubes need to be heated. In order not to hold it in your hands when heated and not get burned, you can build such a device using a clothespin or a piece of wire.

It is also necessary to allocate several steel and wooden spoons for mixing.

You can make a stand for holding test tubes yourself by drilling through holes in the bar.

To filter the resulting substances, you will need a paper filter. It is very easy to make it according to the diagram given here.

For children who do not yet go to school or are studying in elementary grades, setting up home chemical experiments with their parents will be a kind of game. Most likely, such a young researcher will not yet be able to explain some individual laws and reactions. However, it is possible that just such an empirical way of discovering the surrounding world, nature, man, plants through experiments will lay the foundation for the study of natural sciences in the future. You can even arrange original competitions in the family - who will have the most successful experience and then demonstrate them at family holidays.

Regardless of the age of the child and his ability to read and write, I advise you to have a laboratory journal in which you can record experiments or sketch. A real chemist must write down a work plan, a list of reagents, sketches of instruments and describes the progress of work.

When you and your child just begin to study this science of substances and conduct home chemical experiments, the first thing to remember is safety.

To do this, follow the following safety rules:

2. It is better to allocate a separate table for conducting chemical experiments at home. If you do not have a separate table at home, then it is better to conduct experiments on a steel or iron tray or pallet.

3. It is necessary to get thin and thick gloves (they are sold in a pharmacy or hardware store).

4. For chemical experiments, it is best to buy a lab coat, but you can also use a thick apron instead of a dressing gown.

5. Laboratory glassware should not be used for food.

6. In home chemical experiments, there should be no cruelty to animals and violation of the ecological system. Acidic chemical waste should be neutralized with soda, and alkaline with acetic acid.

7. If you want to check the smell of a gas, liquid or reagent, never bring the vessel directly to your face, but, holding it at a certain distance, direct, waving your hand, the air above the vessel towards you and at the same time smell the air.

8. Always use small amounts of reagents in home experiments. Avoid leaving reagents in a container without an appropriate inscription (label) on the bottle, from which it should be clear what is in the bottle.

The study of chemistry should begin with simple chemical experiments at home, allowing the child to master the basic concepts. A series of experiments 1-3 allow you to get acquainted with the basic aggregate states of substances and the properties of water. To begin with, you can show a preschooler how sugar and salt dissolve in water, accompanying this with an explanation that water is a universal solvent and is a liquid. Sugar or salt are solids that dissolve in liquids.

Experience number 1 "Because - without water and neither here nor there"

Water is a liquid chemical substance composed of two elements as well as gases dissolved in it. Man also contains water. We know that where there is no water, there is no life. A person can live without food for about a month, and without water - only a few days.

Reagents and equipment: 2 test tubes, soda, citric acid, water

Experiment: Take two test tubes. Pour in equal amounts of soda and citric acid. Then pour water into one of the test tubes, and not into the other. In a test tube in which water was poured, carbon dioxide began to be released. In a test tube without water - nothing has changed

Discussion: This experiment explains the fact that many reactions and processes in living organisms are impossible without water, and water also accelerates many chemical reactions. Schoolchildren can be explained that an exchange reaction has taken place, as a result of which carbon dioxide has been released.

Experience number 2 "What is dissolved in tap water"

Reagents and equipment: clear glass, tap water

Experiment: Pour tap water into a transparent glass and put it in a warm place for an hour. After an hour, you will see settled bubbles on the walls of the glass.

Discussion: Bubbles are nothing but gases dissolved in water. AT cold water gases dissolve better. As soon as the water becomes warm, the gases cease to dissolve and settle on the walls. A similar home chemical experiment also makes it possible to acquaint the child with the gaseous state of matter.

Experience No. 3 “What is dissolved in mineral water or water is a universal solvent”

Reagents and equipment: test tube, mineral water, candle, magnifying glass

Experiment: Pour mineral water into a test tube and slowly evaporate it over a candle flame (the experiment can be done on the stove in a saucepan, but the crystals will be less visible). As the water evaporates, small crystals will remain on the walls of the test tube, all of them of different shapes.

Discussion: Crystals are salts dissolved in mineral water. They have different shape and size, since each crystal has its own chemical formula. With a child who has already begun to study chemistry at school, you can read the label on mineral water, which indicates its composition and write the formulas of the compounds contained in mineral water.

Experiment No. 4 "Filtration of water mixed with sand"

Reagents and equipment: 2 test tubes, funnel, paper filter, water, river sand

Experiment: Pour water into a test tube and dip a little river sand into it, mix. Then, according to the scheme described above, make a filter out of paper. Insert a dry, clean test tube into a rack. Slowly pour the sand/water mixture through a filter paper funnel. River sand will remain on the filter, and you will get clean water in a tripod tube.

Discussion: Chemical experience allows us to show that there are substances that do not dissolve in water, for example, river sand. The experience also introduces one of the methods of cleaning mixtures of substances from impurities. Here you can introduce the concepts of pure substances and mixtures, which are given in the 8th grade chemistry textbook. AT this case a mixture is sand with water, a pure substance is a filtrate, river sand is a sediment.

The filtration process (described in Grade 8) is used here to separate a mixture of water and sand. To diversify the study of this process, you can delve a little into the history of cleaning drinking water.

Filtration processes were used as early as the 8th and 7th centuries BC. in the state of Urartu (now it is the territory of Armenia) for the purification of drinking water. Its inhabitants built plumbing system using filters. Thick cloth and charcoal were used as filters. Similar systems of intertwined drainpipes, clay canals, equipped with filters were also on the territory of the ancient Nile among the ancient Egyptians, Greeks and Romans. Water was passed through such a filter repeatedly through such a filter several times, eventually many times, ultimately achieving the best water quality.

One of the most interesting experiments is growing crystals. The experience is very clear and gives an idea of ​​many chemical and physical concepts.

Experience number 5 "Grow sugar crystals"

Reagents and equipment: two glasses of water; sugar - five glasses; wooden skewers; thin paper; pot; transparent cups; food coloring (the proportions of sugar and water can be reduced).

Experiment: The experiment should begin with the preparation of sugar syrup. We take a pan, pour 2 cups of water and 2.5 cups of sugar into it. We put on medium heat and, stirring, dissolve all the sugar. Pour the remaining 2.5 cups of sugar into the resulting syrup and cook until completely dissolved.

Now let's prepare the embryos of crystals - sticks. Scatter a small amount of sugar on a piece of paper, then dip the stick in the resulting syrup, and roll it in sugar.

We take the pieces of paper and pierce a hole in the middle with a skewer so that the piece of paper fits snugly against the skewer.

Then we pour the hot syrup into transparent glasses (it is important that the glasses are transparent - this way the process of crystal ripening will be more exciting and visual). The syrup must be hot or the crystals will not grow.

You can make colored sugar crystals. To do this, add a little food coloring to the resulting hot syrup and stir it.

The crystals will grow in different ways, some quickly and some may take longer. At the end of the experiment, the child can eat the resulting lollipops if he is not allergic to sweets.

If you do not have wooden skewers, then you can experiment with ordinary threads.

Discussion: A crystal is a solid state of matter. It has a certain shape and a certain number of faces due to the arrangement of its atoms. Crystalline substances are substances whose atoms are arranged regularly, so that they form a regular three-dimensional lattice, called a crystal. Crystals of a number of chemical elements and their compounds have remarkable mechanical, electrical, magnetic and optical properties. For example, diamond is a natural crystal and the hardest and rarest mineral. Due to its exceptional hardness, diamond plays a huge role in technology. Diamond saws cut stones. There are three ways to form crystals: crystallization from a melt, from a solution, and from a gas phase. An example of crystallization from a melt is the formation of ice from water (after all, water is molten ice). An example of crystallization from solution in nature is the precipitation of hundreds of millions of tons of salt from sea water. In this case, when growing crystals at home, we are dealing with the most common methods of artificial growing - crystallization from a solution. Sugar crystals grow from a saturated solution by slowly evaporating the solvent - water, or by slowly lowering the temperature.

The following experience allows you to get at home one of the most useful crystalline products for humans - crystalline iodine. Before conducting the experiment, I advise you to watch with your child a short film “The life of wonderful ideas. Smart iodine. The film gives an insight into the benefits of iodine and unusual story his discovery, which will be remembered for a long time by the young researcher. And it is interesting because the discoverer of iodine was an ordinary cat.

The French scientist Bernard Courtois during the years of the Napoleonic Wars noticed that in the products obtained from the ashes of seaweed, which were thrown onto the coast of France, there is some substance that corrodes iron and copper vessels. But neither Courtois himself nor his assistants knew how to isolate this substance from the ashes of algae. Chance helped speed up the discovery.

At his small saltpeter plant in Dijon, Courtois was going to conduct several experiments. There were vessels on the table, one of which contained an alcoholic tincture of seaweed, and the other a mixture of sulfuric acid and iron. On the shoulders of the scientist sat his beloved cat.

There was a knock on the door, and the frightened cat jumped down and ran away, brushing the flasks on the table with its tail. The vessels broke, the contents mixed, and suddenly a violent chemical reaction began. When a small cloud of vapors and gases settled, the surprised scientist saw some kind of crystalline coating on the objects and debris. Courtois began to explore it. Crystals to anyone before this unknown substance were called "iodine".

So a new element was discovered, and Bernard Courtois's domestic cat went down in history.

Experience No. 6 "Obtaining iodine crystals"

Reagents and equipment: tincture of pharmaceutical iodine, water, a glass or a cylinder, a napkin.

Experiment: We mix water with tincture of iodine in the proportion: 10 ml of iodine and 10 ml of water. And put everything in the refrigerator for 3 hours. During cooling, the iodine will precipitate at the bottom of the glass. We drain the liquid, take out the iodine precipitate and put it on a napkin. Squeeze with napkins until the iodine begins to crumble.

Discussion: The chemical experiment is called extracting or extracting one component from another. In this case, the water extracts the iodine from the spirit lamp solution. Thus, the young researcher will repeat the experience of the cat Courtois without smoke and beating dishes.

Your child will already learn about the benefits of iodine for disinfecting wounds from the movie. Thus, you show that there is an inextricable link between chemistry and medicine. However, it turns out that iodine can be used as an indicator or analyzer of the content of another useful substance - starch. The following experience will introduce the young experimenter to a separate very useful chemistry - analytical.

Experience No. 7 "Iodine-indicator of starch content"

Reagents and equipment: fresh potatoes, pieces of banana, apple, bread, a glass of diluted starch, a glass of diluted iodine, a pipette.

Experiment: We cut the potatoes into two parts and drip diluted iodine on it - the potatoes turn blue. Then we drip a few drops of iodine into a glass of diluted starch. The liquid also turns blue.

We drip with a pipette iodine dissolved in water on an apple, banana, bread, in turn.

Watching:

The apple didn't turn blue at all. Banana - slightly blue. Bread - turned blue very much. This part of the experiment shows the presence of starch in various products.

Discussion: Starch, reacting with iodine, gives a blue color. This property gives us the ability to detect the presence of starch in various foods. Thus, iodine is, as it were, an indicator or analyzer of starch content.

As you know, starch can be converted into sugar, if you take an unripe apple and drop iodine, it will turn blue, since the apple is not yet ripe. As soon as the apple ripens, all the starch contained will turn into sugar and the apple does not turn blue at all when treated with iodine.

The following experience will be useful for children who have already started studying chemistry at school. It introduces concepts such as chemical reaction, compound reaction, and qualitative reaction.

Experiment No. 8 "Flame coloring or compound reaction"

Reagents and equipment: tweezers, table salt, spirit lamp

Experiment: Take with tweezers a few crystals of coarse salt table salt. Let's hold them over the flame of the burner. The flame will turn yellow.

Discussion: This experiment makes it possible to carry out a chemical combustion reaction, which is an example of a compound reaction. Due to the presence of sodium in the composition of table salt, during combustion, it reacts with oxygen. As a result, a new substance is formed - sodium oxide. The appearance of a yellow flame indicates that the reaction has passed. Such reactions are qualitative reactions to compounds containing sodium, that is, it can be used to determine whether sodium is present in a substance or not.

Remember the MOST IMPORTANT rule during chemical experiments - never lick a spoon ... :). And now seriously...

1. Homemade phone
Take 2 plastic cups (or empty and clean cans without cover). Make a thick cake out of plasticine a little larger than the bottom and place a glass on it. With a sharp knife make a hole in the bottom. Do the same with the second glass.

Pull one end of the thread (its length should be about 5 meters) through the hole in the bottom and tie a knot.

Repeat the experiment with the second glass. Voila, the phone is ready!

For it to work, you need to pull the thread and not touch other objects (including fingers). By putting the cup to your ear, the baby will be able to hear what you are saying on the other end of the wire, even if you whisper or talk from different rooms. The cups act as a microphone and speaker in this experiment, and the thread serves as a telephone wire. The sound of your voice travels along a stretched string in the form of longitudinal sound waves.

2. Magic avocado
The essence of the experiment: Stick 4 skewers into the fleshy part of the avocado and place this almost alien structure over a transparent container of water - the sticks will serve as a support for the fruit so that it stays half above the water. Put the container in a secluded place, add water every day and watch what happens. After a while, stems will begin to grow from the bottom of the fruit directly into the water.

3. Unusual flowers
Buy a bunch of white carnations/roses.

The essence of the experiment: Place each carnation in a transparent vase, after making a cut on the stem. After that, add food coloring of a different color to each vase - be patient and very soon the white flowers will turn into unusual shades.

What do we do conclusion? A flower, like any plant, drink water, which goes along the stem throughout the flower through special tubes.

4. Colored bubbles
For this experiment, we will need a plastic bottle, sunflower oil, water, food coloring (paints for Easter eggs).

The essence of the experiment: Fill the bottle with water and sunflower oil in equal proportions, while leaving a third of the bottle empty. Add some food coloring and close the lid tightly.

You will be surprised to see that the liquids do not mix - the water stays at the bottom and becomes colored, while the oil rises to the top because its structure is less heavy and dense. Now try shaking our magic bottle - in a few seconds everything will return to normal. And now the final trick - we put it in the freezer and we have one more trick in front of us: oil and water have changed places!

5. Dancing grape
For this experiment, we need a glass of sparkling water and a grape.

The essence of the experiment: Throw a berry into the water and watch what happens next. Grapes are slightly heavier than water, so they will sink to the bottom first. But gas bubbles will immediately form on it. Soon there will be so many of them that the grape will pop up. But on the surface, the bubbles will burst and the gas will escape. The berry will again sink to the bottom and again be covered with gas bubbles, and again emerge. This will continue several times.

6 . Sieve - non-spill
Let's do a simple experiment. Take a sieve and grease it with oil. Then shake, pour water into the sieve so that it flows along the inside of the sieve. And, lo and behold, the sieve will be filled!

Conclusion: Why doesn't water flow out? It is held by a surface film, it was formed due to the fact that the cells that were supposed to let the water through did not get wet. If you run your finger along the bottom and break the film, the water will start to flow out.

7. Salt for creativity
We will need a cup of hot water, salt, thick black paper and a brush.

The essence of the experiment: Add a couple of teaspoons of salt to a cup of hot water and mix the solution with a brush until all the salt is dissolved. Continue adding salt, stirring constantly until crystals form at the bottom of the cup. Paint a picture using the salt solution as paint. Leave the masterpiece overnight in a warm and dry place. When the paper dries, the pattern will appear. The salt molecules did not evaporate and formed crystals, the pattern of which we see.

8. Magic ball
Take a plastic bottle and a balloon.

The essence of the experiment: Put it on the neck and place the bottle in hot water - the balloon will inflate. This happened because warm air, consisting of molecules, expanded, pressure increased and the balloon inflated.

9. Volcano at home
We will need baking soda, vinegar and a container for the experiment.

The essence of the experiment: Place a tablespoon of baking soda in a bowl and pour in some vinegar. Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) is alkaline, while vinegar is acidic. When they are together, they form the sodium salt of acetic acid. At the same time, carbon dioxide and water will be released and you will get a real volcano - the action will impress any kid!

10. Spinning Disc
The materials you will need are the simplest: glue, cover from plastic bottle with spout, CD and balloon.

The essence of the experiment: Glue the bottle cap to the CD so that the center of the hole in the cap aligns with the center of the hole in the CD. Let the glue dry, then proceed to next step: inflate the balloon, twist its “neck” so that the air does not escape and pull the balloon over the spout of the lid. Place the disk on a flat table and release the ball. The design will "float" on the table. The invisible air cushion acts as a lubricant and reduces friction between the disc and the table.

11. The magic of scarlet flowers
For the experiment, you should cut out a flower with long petals from paper, then use a pencil to twist the petal to the center - make curls. Now dip your flowers into a container of water (basin, soup bowl). Flowers come to life before your eyes and begin to bloom.

What do we do conclusion? The paper gets wet and becomes heavier.

12. Cloud in the bank.

You will need a 3-liter jar, a lid, hot water, ice.

The essence of the experiment: Pour hot water into a three-liter jar (level - 3-4 cm), cover the top of the jar with a lid / baking sheet, put pieces of ice on it.

The warm air inside the jar will begin to cool, condense, and rise up as a cloud. Yes, this is how clouds form.

Why is it raining? Drops in the form of heated steam rise up, they get cold there, they reach for each other, become heavy, large and ... return to their homeland again.

13. Can foil dance?

The essence of the experiment: Cut a piece of foil into thin strips. Then take a comb and comb your hair, then bring the comb close to the strips - and they will begin to move.

Conclusion: Particles fly in the air - electric charges that cannot live without each other, they are attracted to each other, although they are different in character, like “+” and “-”.

14. Where did the smell go?

You will need: a jar with a lid, corn sticks, perfume.

The essence of the experiment: Take a jar, put a little perfume on the bottom, put corn sticks on top and close with a tight lid. After 10 minutes, open the jar and smell it. Where has the perfume gone?

Conclusion: The smell was absorbed by the sticks. How did they do it? Due to the porous structure.

15. Dancing Liquid (non-trivial substance)

cook the simplest option of this liquid - a mixture of corn (or ordinary) starch and water in a ratio of 2: 1.

The essence of the experiment: Mix well and start having fun: if you slowly dip your fingers into it, it will be liquid, flowing from your hands, and if you hit it with your fist with all your might, the surface of the liquid will turn into an elastic mass.

Now this mass can be poured onto a baking sheet, put the baking sheet on a subwoofer or speaker and loudly turn on dynamic music (or some kind of vibrating noise).

From the variety of sound waves, the mass will behave differently - somewhere condensed, somewhere not, which is why a lively dancing effect is formed.

Add a few drops of food coloring and you will see how the dancing "worms" are colored in a peculiar way.

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17. Smoke without fire

Lay a simple paper napkin on a small saucer, pour a small hill of potassium permanganate on top of it and drop glycerin there. A few seconds later, smoke will appear, and almost immediately you will see a bright blue flash of flame. This occurs when potassium permanganate and glycerin are combined with the release of heat.

18. Can there be fire without matches?

Take a glass and pour some hydrogen peroxide into it. Add a few crystals of potassium permanganate there. Now drop the match in there. With a light pop, the match will burst into a bright flame. This is due to the active release of oxygen. Thus, you can explain to the child in practice why it is impossible to open windows in case of fire. Because of the oxygen, the fire will flare up even more.

19. Potassium permanganate in combination with water from a puddle

Take water from a standing puddle and add a solution of potassium permanganate to it. Instead of the usual purple color, the water will have a yellow tint, this is due to the dead microorganisms in dirty water. In addition, this way the child will more accurately understand why it is necessary to wash hands before eating.

20. Unusual Calcium Gluconate Snakes OR Pharaoh's Serpent

Buy calcium gluconate at the pharmacy. Take the pill carefully with tweezers (attention, the child should never do this on his own!), bring it to the fire. When the decomposition of calcium gluconate begins to occur, the release of calcium oxide, carbon dioxide, carbon and water will begin. And it will look like a black snake will appear from a small white piece.

21. Disappearing Styrofoam in Acetone

Styrofoam refers to gas-filled plastics and many builders who would come into contact at least once with this material know that acetone should not be placed next to the foam. Pour the acetone into a large bowl and start dropping the Styrofoam pieces into it little by little. You can see how the liquid will bubble up and the foam will disappear as if by magic!

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