Before isolating the stove from a wooden wall, it is recommended to decide on a heater. Thermal insulation reduces the consumption of fuel used. The joints of the chimney and walls are subject to heating during the release of smoke. As the temperature drops, the material shrinks.

Step-by-step instruction

Thermal insulation work is carried out taking into account certain rules and safety standards. It is preliminary recommended to decide on the method of warming the furnace. AT furnace building the following elements are thermally insulated:

• chimney;
• walls.

The first structure is insulated in the following cases:

• reduction in heat consumption - thermal insulation works are carried out with improper design of the fireplace or stove, when all the heat exits through the chimney (due to excessive draft or the use of materials with high heat transfer);
• insulation retains heat;
• elimination of condensate: if the pipe is not insulated, condensate collects in it, it destroys the laying of the pipe or the joints of the welded coating.

Experts recommend insulating the surface of the furnace, located close to the walls of the house. Otherwise, due to temperature fluctuations, cracking of the brick will occur. Thermal insulation in the gap between the wall and the furnace is carried out using the following materials:

• asbestos boards;
• thermal foil (as a heat reflector).

The considered method is used if the space between the stove and the wall exceeds 5 mm. If the distance is small, then asbestos cannot be used (due to the composition of the material).

You can perform thermal insulation work using the following technology:

• strengthening the wall using a suspension of metal sheets;
• installation of ceramic or asbestos slabs insulating material a;
• filling gaps and seams with mineral wool;
• winding the pipe with an external reflector (foil).

Because mineral wool does not tolerate the formation of condensate, you should use a special material that isolates this seal. A similar technology is used for furnace thermal insulation. At the same time, the wall does not heat up and does not heat up.

Products used

The following materials can be used for chimney insulation:

• mineral wool;
• glass wool;
• brick;
• slag slabs or heat-resistant cement mortar.

Chimney insulation depends on the material from which it is made. If the pipe is steel, then construction wool is used. The design consists of 2 parts (length does not exceed 1.5 m), which simplifies compaction insulation material. The size of the casing should be 12 cm larger than the diameter of the pipe.

Pre-put on the first part of the structure. Then the insulation is evenly applied. Install the second part of the chimney. The building is being insulated. The pipe is installed with a slight slope. The resulting gap is covered with cement mortar.

Steel chimney consists of 2 pipes different sizes. A protective cover is placed on a pipe with a smaller size (chimney). A heat-insulating layer is laid between the pipes. A pipe of a smaller diameter is placed in a structure with a larger diameter. The gap formed between the pipes is filled with construction wool.

A brick chimney is insulated using the following technology:

• applying the base;
• installation of reinforced mesh;
• sealing cavities and cracks with mortar;
• applying plaster in several layers (their thickness should not exceed 5-7 cm);
• complete thermal insulation;
• mineral wool is cut taking into account the size of the chimney;
• fixing the heat insulator with metal tape or wire;
• lining the pipe with ceramic or asbestos plates;
• surface plastering.

This method of thermal insulation allows:

• reduce heat loss by 2 times;
• seal the chimney;
• prevent the formation of condensate and the destruction of the chimney;
• improve quality and safety.

Furnace insulation is a necessary procedure for a high temperature furnace used for home heating.

Thermal insulation work can be done with your own hands, adhering to the above recommendations.

More articles on this topic:

When planning the purchase of bricks, insulation or boards for sheathing, it is necessary to highlight fire-fighting materials in a separate column of our list: for a bath, fire protection is one of the priority tasks, and therefore it is not worth saving on it.

Below we will talk about fire safety standards in the design and construction of baths and saunas, as well as describe the most commonly used refractory products.

Causes of fires

During operation, the design of the bath itself and its individual elements systematically exposed high temperatures. And in some cases, this exposure leads to a fire.

The main reasons for the appearance of open fire are as follows:

• Mounting errors sauna stove. If the heating planes are located too close to the wooden ones, or if coals and flames are ejected from the furnace during improper operation- a fire is almost inevitable.
• In addition, it is very important to ensure timely maintenance of the stove and cleaning of the smoke ducts.
• It is also important that the body of the stove and chimney are not cracked. Particularly critical is the cracking of cast iron and steel models, so they must be periodically inspected.

Note!
If an electric heater is used, it must be protected against short circuit, by connecting to the switchboard through a residual current circuit breaker.

• However main reason, according to which a fire can start in the bath, is the use of unsuitable materials in the decoration. Contact of untreated wood or plastic with a heated surface in best case cause smoke, and at worst - lead to burnout of the entire structure.

Analyzing the above list, we can see that it is still possible to protect buildings from fire. And in the best possible way to ensure such protection is strict adherence to standards, the main among which will be SNiP 2.01.02, which contains the basic fire safety standards in construction.

materials

Structural features

It is necessary to choose refractory materials for a bath, taking into account exactly where they will be used. Below we will try to analyze the main groups of materials depending on their purpose, and we will try to highlight those that have an advantage in terms of fire safety.

The building itself can be erected:

• From wood - timber or logs. In spite of numerous benefits natural raw materials, wooden baths are quite dangerous in terms of ignition and flame propagation. If the temperature inside reaches a critical point, then even a tree impregnated with fire retardants will sooner or later catch fire.

• Even more dangerous are wireframe models.. The thing is that even when using fire-retardant aggregates, there is air inside the frame, which contributes to a fairly rapid spread of the flame.

Note!
If we take into account that frame structures retain heat very moderately, then their only advantages will be affordable price and ease of installation.
However, when it comes to the bath, such savings cannot be called justified.

• Building blocks(cinder block, foam concrete, aerated concrete, etc.) are much safer. They not only do not burn themselves, but also significantly limit the spread of the flame due to the high thermal insulation capacity.
• An excellent option in terms of fire protection is the laying of red brick walls.. Even ordinary varieties of this material resist heat well, so you don’t have to worry about the structure itself.

In addition to the walls, attention must also be paid to the roof and other structural elements. In most cases, wood is indispensable, so impregnation with a flame retardant will still be needed. Yes and roofing materials you need to choose with minimal flammability indicators - metal tiles, euroslate and similar varieties are suitable.

Brick for oven

The stove is the heart of any bath, and therefore the closest attention should be paid to its masonry. If you are not using prefabricated steel or cast iron models, then the brick structure will heat the air and water in the steam room.

When laying the stove, experts strongly recommend using the most heat-resistant material for a bath - refractory bricks.

To date, the following types of blocks for laying furnaces are popular:

• Alumina brick (the so-called fireclay) is the most popular and sought-after type. Its main advantage is that during sudden cooling (for example, when water gets on hot masonry), the blocks do not crack.
• Quartz stone - resists heat well, however, with prolonged contact with metal (firebox, doors) it can lose its properties and begin to delaminate.
• The main one is made from alkaline lime raw materials with the addition of magnesium sulfate. It is used in metallurgy, it is quite expensive, but it “holds” the temperature perfectly.
• Carbon - pressed from coke or graphite raw materials, able to resist even the strongest heat. However, the high cost and rather unusual black color significantly limit its use when laying stoves.

If you are doing the masonry with your own hands, then it is very important to properly prepare the solution.

It must not only securely fasten building blocks, but also withstand high temperatures well:

• The classic option is a solution based on fireclay (light) clay with a small addition of sifted fine sand. After heating, the clay is baked and over time acquires strength, slightly inferior to the strength of the stone itself.
• More modern instruction recommends the use of special heat-resistant adhesive mixtures. These compositions are characterized by low shrinkage rates, because the seams between the rows are quite thin. And this, in turn, has a positive effect not only on fire safety, but also on the efficiency of the furnace as a whole.

Safe Finish

However, it is most important that fire retardant bath materials be used in interior decoration. And this is quite natural - almost 100% of fires start due to a fire in a steam room in the immediate vicinity of the stove.

• First, to protect against fire inner lining, it is necessary to impregnate special formulations. Ideally, this is done even in production, forcing flame retardants into the chamber under high pressure.
• However, if you were unable to purchase a board with pre-treatment, you can always apply a protective mixture yourself. For application, you can use both a brush and an airbrush - the main thing is that all parts are covered evenly.
• Secondly, in addition to decorative trim it is important to choose the most suitable insulation. Used in the decoration of residential buildings polystyrene and foam boards not suitable: if they do not burn, then they melt with the formation a large number toxic smoke.

• One suitable thermal insulator is mineral wool. Modern modifications based on mineral fibers are characterized by sufficiently high heat resistance, which allows them to be installed in the hottest saunas.

Note!
A good alternative to conventional mineral wool - basalt wool.
Mats based basalt fiber are able to withstand heating up to 750 0 C, so they are definitely not afraid of an accidental spark.

• Ecowool - cellulose fiber with special impregnation - is somewhat inferior to mineral heat insulators, but it can also be used. Of course, for the steam room itself it is better to choose a more reliable insulation, but you can fill the space under the lining of the dressing room or rest room with eco-wool without fear.

• Foil materials are an essential component of an effective fire retardant finish. The aluminum foil used in them reflects a significant part of the heat rays into the room, which means that the material under the metal layer will heat up minimally.

Advice!
In baths, it is better to mount a foil film with a thin polymer base - this way there is less risk of its melting when overheated.

Conclusion

By effectively using heat-resistant sauna materials, we minimize the risk of fire and the spread of fire. And although the cost of refractories is quite high, you should not save on your own safety. In more detail, these materials and the technology for their application are shown in the video in this article.

A feature of modern bath stoves is their heating temperature, which can reach 400 degrees.

An important indicator of the efficiency of the furnace is the instantaneous heating of the body and maximum heat transfer.

The entire heating process is accompanied by the release of infrared radiation, which is distributed on the surfaces adjacent to the furnace. Under the influence of high temperature regime wooden structure baths may char or ignite.

That is why it is so important to provide reliable insulation wooden surfaces from the heat of the oven. For this, a protective screen and sheathing made of refractory materials are suitable.

An urgent need for installation additional elements protection occurs in cases of non-compliance with the fireproof distance between the furnace and the surfaces adjacent to it.

At an unsafe distance, the infrared radiation emitted during the kindling of sauna stoves hits the walls and is not scattered. This leads to damage to wooden surfaces or a fire hazard in general.

The safe distance between the wall and the heating structure depends on the material from which it is made:

So the distance from the wall to the furnace:

• from brick - is 35 cm;
• from metal (without interior decoration) - 100 cm;
• metal (with interior decoration brick or fireclay tiles) - up to 70 cm.

In small rooms where it is not possible to maintain a safe distance from the wall to the stove, it is more rational to install a protective screen or sheathing.

Protective thermal screens

As the main protection for the walls of the bath, heat-resistant screens are used - special insulation shields to close the side surfaces of the stove and reduce the intensity of the propagation of IR radiation in the room.

Screens are divided into two categories: metal and brick.

metal

Protective screen made of steel or cast iron sheets. It is mounted along the perimeter of the sauna stove, while maintaining small technological gaps (3-5 cm) between the screen and the outer walls of the heating structure to provide additional air convection.

Depending on the characteristics of the walls of the bath and the type of furnace, metal screens can be front and side. Some Models metal furnaces produced with an additional protective cover, which is installed during the installation of the firebox.

Mounting of metal screens is carried out using adjustable legs with fixation to flooring bolts. In addition, the legs allow you to provide a gap in the lower part of the structure for additional ventilation. To increase the service life, the screens are covered with a refractory coloring layer.

Advantages:

• decrease in the intensity of IR rays;
• improvement of air convection between the furnace walls and the screen;
• reduction in the overall heating temperature of the outer walls of the heating structure.

brick

A protective screen made of bricks is designed to protect the walls of the sauna stove.

Masonry is carried out in ½ bricks around the perimeter, observing technological gaps of 6 cm. The lower part of the structure is equipped with additional air ducts at a distance of 2.5 cm from each other.

To equip the brick screen for furnaces, heat-resistant fireclay bricks without voids are used. As a connecting mixture - a thick mortar of cement or clay.

Finished screen walls should be 22–25 cm higher than the wall of the heating structure.

Advantages:

• low thermal conductivity of the material from which the screen is made;
• resistance to high humidity and high temperatures;
• prolonged accumulation of heat in the room;
• getting soft heat from the oven.

Protective wall claddings

For the arrangement of thermal protection of the walls of the bath, special sheathing made of refractory materials is provided. They prevent overheating of surfaces and reduce the likelihood of a fire in the room.

Important! The height of the cladding must exceed the height of the walls of the heating structure by 120 cm. The distance between the bath walls and the cladding is at least 3 cm. To ensure air convection, technological gaps are provided at the top and bottom of the cladding.

Sheathing-reflectors

This version of the protection of the walls of the bath consists of sheets of metal and a heat-resistant layer of thermal insulation. First, a heat-insulating layer is attached, a sheet of metal with a polished surface is mounted on top of it.

It is non-combustible insulation that provides effective reflection of thermal energy from wooden surfaces, reducing their heating.

In addition, the sheet reflector contributes to a softer heat, which is easily perceived by the human body.

As a heat-insulating layer is used:

• Basalt wool. Ecological and safe material, characterized by high thermal insulation, hygroscopic and refractory characteristics.
• Basalt fiber boards. material with good sound and thermal insulation properties. In addition, it is resistant to fire and decay.
• Asbestos boards. A material that is wear-resistant, impact-resistant and fire-resistant.
• Minerite panels. A popular refractory material that provides structures reliable protection from overheating and possible ignition.

Heat-resistant ceramic bushings are used to fasten such a skin. If there is a minimum safe distance from the walls of the bath to the sheathing, a double layer of thermal insulation is installed.

Cladding with facing surface

If it is necessary to comply with the general style of the room, for protective skins can use decorative trim.

The most common Decoration Materials for thermal sheathing:

• Terracotta (tile). Wear-resistant material made from natural clay rock by firing. It features high wear resistance, durability, practicality and resistance to high temperatures. Terracotta is matte and glazed.
• Clinker (tile). The refractory material is made from clay, different high density. Outwardly, it resembles a brick for cladding.
• Tiles (tiles). modern material, the front surface of which is represented by a textured pattern, ornament or texture.
• Soapstone. Pure rock, which has a characteristic shade of gray or green. The material is characterized by impact resistance, wear resistance, heat resistance, durability and low hygroscopicity.
• Ceramic tiles. Impact-resistant and heat-resistant facing material. The textured surface of the tile allows you to imitate other natural materials- stone, wood, brick.

Installation of refractory cladding in the steam room is carried out on a thermally insulating base using special heat-resistant solutions. Finished sheathing has the following form: wooden surface - technological gap (3 cm) - refractory base - facing tiles.

The following materials can be used as a refractory base:

• Heat-resistant plasterboard panels with the addition of fiberglass. They are resistant to deformation, damage and high temperatures.
• Glass-magnesium panels based on glass fibers and magnesia component. They have sound and thermal insulation characteristics, resistant to decay, high moisture and temperature extremes.
• Boards based on cement and natural mineralite fiber. Such a base is resistant to fire, decay and high moisture.

Any heat-resistant wall panels should have a minimum clearance to allow ventilation and reduce heat exposure to wood surfaces. Practical cladding will allow you to decorate the walls of the steam room in the same style.

Content:

bath in suburban area- this is wonderful. It is in it that you can relax after a hard working week in the company of friends and relatives. But to water procedures brought only benefits, not problems, you need to think about safety in advance. The oven in the steam room can heat up to a temperature of 400 ° C and even higher. At the moment when the limit temperature is reached, the stove becomes a source of infrared radiation, which quickly spreads throughout the space of the steam room and heats all surfaces, especially the wall, which is in close proximity to the stove. And since more than 80% of the baths in our country are built of wood, under the influence of high temperatures, the lumber begins to char, which in the future can lead to spontaneous combustion and fire.

To prevent this, various refractory compounds and chemical agents are used for thermal insulation. But most effective method is the establishment in the bath protective screens and wall cladding made of non-combustible materials.

Distance between oven and wall

In order to protect the walls of the bath from the action of furnace heat, it is necessary to think not only about the protective screen and wall cladding made of refractory metal, but also to observe the distance between the heating unit and the wall, ceiling.

There is no set distance to be followed. You can find out by looking at the documents that went on sale with the stove.

But in small bathhouses, where every centimeter of space is saved, it is not always possible to follow such rules. Therefore, in private saunas, compact versions of stoves are often installed. Since they are mounted close to the wall, it is important to provide protection from heat. To do this, stone screens are installed between the stove and the wall. You can also use other materials such as fiberglass, and for wall cladding - fire-resistant plasterboard, minerite, stainless metal, etc.

Protective screens

Protective screens are a kind of insulating shields that keep and do not let heat from the furnace, and also isolate the walls from radiation in the infrared range. They are mainly used only for metal furnaces.

metal screen

Metal protective screens are the most common in our country. Metal shields are installed at a distance of one to five centimeters from the surface of the furnace. For this, both front and side screens are used. They are produced in a factory with special technologies so you won't be able to make it at home.

The screen allows you to reduce the temperature of metal surfaces by 3-4 times, and such products are inexpensive, and anyone can install them, because due to the presence of small legs, insulating screens can be attached to the floor using, for example, anchor bolts.

There are also screens with special reflectors that come with mounting frames for vertical mounting, thanks to which you will not have any difficulties during their installation.

Important! Do not forget that before installing insulating screens, you need to study them specifications and installation method. Here it is better not to improvise and not to experiment, since the main task of ensuring safety in the bath is correct installation and fixing insulation in compliance with all norms and rules.

Quite often, craftsmen resort to independent masonry protective screen made of solid fireclay bricks which is fireproof. Bricklaying is of two types:

• When all the sides of the furnace are covered with bricks. Thus, a protective casing is formed around the furnace.
• When one wall is laid out of brick between one side of the furnace and a flammable surface.

The height of the masonry must exceed the height of the upper edge of the furnace by at least twenty centimeters. Experts advise laying ½ bricks, so that the wall thickness is 12 cm. If the bath is very small, then quarters of bricks can be used, reducing the wall thickness by half. Sometimes masonry is done right up to the ceiling.

Closer to the floor (5-7 cm from the fireproof floor covering), small gaps are left for air ventilation between the protective screen and the stove. You can also install small furnace doors here.

The binder for masonry will be a mortar based on refractory clay and cement. Brick insulation is mounted not close to the walls of the furnace, but with a small gap of 50-150 mm.

If you plan to install a protective screen made of brick, then it is important to think about this even before the start of construction work, since brick structures are quite heavy. Therefore, it is important for the furnace to build a separate foundation, as well as to isolate it from moisture with two layers, for example, roofing material, on top of which heat-resistant ceramic slabs or metal sheets, 5-10 mm thick, are mounted.

In advance, you need to decide on the type of brickwork. For greater reliability and stability of the masonry, a reinforcing mesh can be mounted every 2-3 rows.

Wall cladding made of non-combustible materials

Very often, in addition to protective screens, in order to protect the walls of the bath from oven heat, special sheathing made of heat-insulating materials is used.

A very effective method of thermal insulation of walls from heat and infrared rays is considered to be a combined wall cladding made of fireproof thermal insulation material and sheet metal.

Immediately before installation, the sheet of metal must be carefully polished to a mirror finish. This will increase the thermal performance by several times. facing material and will allow you to redirect infrared rays back to the steam room, making them softer and safer for human health.

First, thermal insulation is attached to the wall, for example, balsa wool or cardboard, minerite or refractory drywall with a thickness of 15-30 mm. It is important to leave a gap of 2-3 centimeters between the wall and the insulation for ventilation.

The air channel is provided by the presence of four small ceramic bushings that come with the kit.

Along the perimeter, the metal sheet has a special flanging, which gives additional rigidity and strength to the structure.

Heat resistant cladding

Of course, a metal sheet stainless steel will allow a long period to keep the walls of the bath from exposure to high temperatures and infrared radiation, but stainless steel, like most materials, has its own shelf life. After some time, the mirror polished surface will become matte and lose its original attractive appearance and characteristics. Therefore, to solve this problem, give the design of your steam room a "zest" on long years, use a heat-resistant lining, which is fixed with a special adhesive grout, which is not afraid of high temperatures and moisture.

Among these materials are:

• Clinker tiles, similar in their thermal performance on the red brick.
• Embossed tiles with various ornaments on the front - great solution for steam room design.
• Porcelain tiles - allows you to protect the walls and floor in the steam room from heat.
• Talcochlorite - the material is similar to porcelain stoneware, but more moisture resistant. It has unusual beautiful natural ornaments.
• Terracotta tile is a heavy-duty material made of special clay, fired in kilns at temperatures above 1000°C
• Tiles - a variety ceramic tiles with an ornament on the front face.

Do not forget that between the tile and the wall it is necessary to leave a ventilation gap of 3-4 centimeters. Moreover, the tile itself will not be a 100% guarantee of protecting walls from heat. It is just one layer in the insulating pie.

Between the wall and the slab, you can also use:

• Refractory drywall - slabs 125x250 cm, up to 2 cm thick. It is very simple to install the sheets. To facilitate the sides of the plates there is a surface formed by the bevel of the end edge. The composition of drywall includes special fiberglass, thanks to which the material has a high coefficient of resistance to fire.
• Minerite is a refractory material that consists of cement, reinforcing belt and mineral filler. feature this material is the complete absence of asbestos in the composition. After all, asbestos, when heated, can release carcinogens that are dangerous to human health.
• Superizol - versatile material capable of withstanding high temperatures, lightweight and durable.

For fasteners, ceramic bushings are used, as well as screws with countersunk head. If the distance between the oven and the wall is very small, then the material is fixed in two layers.

Be careful, because when finishing the walls in a newly built bath, when shrinking, the material can be deformed and cracked. A sheet of stainless steel attached to the stove will help prevent this.

Let's summarize

After choosing the insulation material, prepare the tools. You will need: a building level, a plumb line, a drill with a mixing nozzle, a special gun for filling joints with mortar, spatulas, a grinder, a bucket and other tools.

Having planned everything, from the preparation of materials and tools, ending with the plan and scheme for the construction of a protective insulating screen, you can proceed to construction work adhering to all the rules, regulations, and advice presented in this article. All this will allow you to calmly take water procedures in the steam room, without fear that the walls can ignite spontaneously.

WHAT CAUSES FIRES IN THE BATH?

There are many reasons, but reason number 1, and this is 80% of total number fires in baths and saunas, these are fires due to non-compliance with fireproof distances from the heater to wooden surfaces and to the ceiling. Ignition occurs due to the fact that non-compliance with these distances causes pyrolysis, charring of wood and self-ignition. For each stove for a bath, the fire safety distance is indicated in the passport, and when installing stoves and wooden shelves, benches, fences, these distances must be taken into account. Most of these articles boil down to the standard option: installing a furnace with an indent of 500 mm from the combustible surface.

Rice. 1. Installation of the furnace without wall protection: 1 - metal furnace with two screens; 2 - a wall of combustible material.

If it is already impossible to change the layout of the sauna, an example (cast monolithic foundation under the stove), and it turned out to be less than 500 mm to the wooden wall. How to get out of this situation?

The second option will reduce the distance to the wooden wall to 380 mm, wooden wall must be protected with a metal sheet and a layer of non-combustible material with a thickness of at least 10 mm.

You can also install an additional fireproof (gypsum, asbestos-cement, etc.) wall between the furnace and the combustible wall, which will not affect the distance from the wall.

Rice. 2. Installation of a furnace with wall protection within a distance of a steel sheet over a layer of basalt cardboard 10 mm thick: 1 - shielded metal furnace; 2 - wall of combustible material; 3 - metal sheet over a layer of basalt cardboard.

Option three. Is it possible to install a stove without gaps from a wooden wall?

No impossible!!! But you can reduce the distance to 125 mm. To do this, it is necessary to build an additional brick partition in these 125 mm (between the wall and the stove, with this option, the stove is placed close to the brick partition).

Installing a furnace with wall protection with non-combustible material: 1 - shielded metal furnace; 2 - wall of combustible material; 3 - additional wall made of non-combustible material; 4 - elongated firebox.

Rice. 4. Installation of a furnace with wall protection with a sheet steel screen: 1 - shielded metal furnace;

2 - wall of combustible material; 3 - metal sheet from floor to ceiling with a gap for air passage near the floor and ceiling.

Standard sizes of indents heating elements from structural elements according to SNiP 2.04.05-91* (at least):

distance from unprotected wall A=500 mm;

distance from the protected wall B=380 mm;

exceeding the width and height of protection for the dimensions of the furnace C=150 mm;

distance from the combustible wall when installing an additional fireproof wall: D = 500 mm - with an unprotected wall and D = 380 mm - with a protected wall;

distance D is not standardized with the degree of fire resistance of the wall REI (60);

distance from the oven door to the opposite wall F=1250 mm in all cases.

Standard sizes of indentation for furnaces Finnish manufacturers, not confirmed domestic regulations and rules:

distance when protecting the wall with one metal screen G=250 mm;

distance when protecting the wall with two metal screens Z=125 mm;

exceeding the width and height of metal screens for the dimensions of the furnace K = 250 mm;

excess width and height brickwork for furnace dimensions L=500 mm;

gap width M=30 mm.

Two metal screens and wall protection with brick screens do not correspond to the fire resistance of the wall REI (60) according to Russian standards and contradicts the concept of fire resistance according to GOST 30247.0-94

In case of fire sheet metal can be deformed due to thermal expansion towards the wall, which means that the fire can spread to the protected wall. Therefore, the metal must be used with an air gap of at least 10 mm (or fasten it rigidly to the wall through basalt cardboard), which will increase the dimensional stability of the sheet and prevent its deformation.

It is advisable to use protective screens as additional protection, for example between heating device and a wall that is protected by a metal sheet over basalt cardboard.

Rice. 8. Recommended type of wall protection with steel sheet on a layer of basalt cardboard and an additional screen made of galvanized corrugated steel: 1 - screened metal furnace; 2 - wall of combustible material; 3 - metal sheet over a layer of basalt cardboard; 4 - steel corrugated galvanized roofing sheet up to the ceiling (attached to the wall with screws through bushings).

It should be noted that the offset of 380 mm must be maintained. It has been experimentally found that the dimensions between the wall could be reduced to 260 mm.

The presence of screens and the very design of the furnace (shielded furnace) makes it possible to reach the temperature of all surrounding surfaces in the region of 50°C.

You ask what then additionally fire protection and shielding the walls that are adjacent to the furnace? And this is necessary in case of a possible failure of the furnace.

The most common malfunctions of sauna stoves:

Cracking and chipping of the seams of brick ovens;

Burnout of the firebox of metal heating devices.

The above malfunctions can lead to the release of sparks and flames through through holes in the furnace.

If the stove is close to the wall, then it is difficult to notice the malfunction in a timely manner, which means that the wall should long time and stand under the influence of the flame itself (do not flare up, do not collapse) and do not let the flame through itself (do not crack, do not go to pieces). It should not heat up from the back (unheated) side to the ignition temperature of materials that may be in the adjacent room.

Protection of walls against ignition is achieved by distances to the wall and wall sheathing adjacent to the furnace, non-combustible heat-resistant materials.

Factory shielding of furnaces cannot guarantee safety, since these shields are too close to the furnace (in fact, in the area of ​​​​possible flames). Factory screens are installed primarily for protection against infrared radiation. In case of serious damage to the firebox, the screens of the furnace, of course, can act as a temporary barrier.